Hjorthshaffer5327

In sharp contrast, ferroelectricity is suppressed at the FAPbI3/TiO2 and MAPbI3/PCBM interfaces, thanks to elimination of the interfacial electric field between perovskite and TiO2 via substitution of strong polar MA (dipole moment 2.29 debye) by weak polar FA ions (dipole moment 0.29 debye) and interface passivation, leading to consistent interfacial electronic dynamics and the absence of hysteresis. The present work sheds light on the physical cause for hysteresis and points to the direction to which the hysteresis could be mitigated in PSCs.Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted extensive research interests as the most rapidly developing next-generation thin-film photovoltaic technology, yet their efficiency, scalability, and durability remain challenging. Although α-Fe2O3 served as electron transporting layer (ETL) of planar PSCs and exhibited a much higher humidity and UV light-stability compared to TiO2, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of Fe2O3-based planar PSCs was still below 15% because of poor interface contact between α-Fe2O3 and perovskite, and poor crystal quality of perovskite. In this work, we have engineered the interfaces throughout the entire solar cell via incorporating N, S co-doped graphene quantum dots (NSGQDs). The NSGQDs played remarkably multifunctional roles i) facilitated the perovskite crystal growth; ii) eased charge extraction at both anode and cathode interfaces; iii) induced the defect passivation and suppressed the charge recombination. When assembled with a α-Fe2O3 ETL, the planar PSCs exhibited a significant efficiency enhancement from 14% to 19.2%, with an obviously decreased and negligible hysteresis, which created a new record of PCE for Fe2O3-based PSCs to date. In addition, PSCs with the entire device interfacial engineering showed an obviously improved durability, including prominent humidity, UV light and thermal-stabilities. Our interfacial engineering methodology via graphene quantum dots represents a versatile and effective way for building high efficiency and durability solar cells.Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies produced in mammalian cells and is considered an important critical quality attribute (CQA), as it is known to impact efficacy, stability, half-life, and immunogenicity. For these reasons, glycosylation requires characterization and close monitoring during the manufacturing process. Due to the complexity of the glycosylation patterns, sophisticated analytical tools with high resolving power are required for the characterization of the glycoforms. This study describes, for the first time, the development and use of an online three-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (3D-HPLC/MS) approach for the monitoring of glycosylation patterns at the middle-up level. An immobilized IdeS-enzyme column was used in the first dimension for the digestion of mAbs in 10 min. Then, following an online reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) column reduction, the ≈25 kDa proteolytic fragments were analyzed using hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) coupled to MS. This novel analytical workflow demonstrated the ability to accurately profile glycosylated variants within a total run time of 95 min. To compare the performance of this analytical strategy with a conventional offline procedure (IdeS digestion x reduction-HILIC/MS), a proof of concept study using two mAbs is described here.When hydrolyzable cations such as aluminum interact with solid-water interfaces, macroscopic interfacial properties (e.g., surface charge and potential) and interfacial phenomena (e.g., particle adhesion) become tightly linked with the microscopic details of ion adsorption and speciation. We use in situ atomic force microscopy to directly image individual aluminum ions at a mica-water interface and show how adsorbate populations change with pH and aluminum activity. Complementary streaming potential measurements then allow us to build a triple layer model (TLM) that links surface potentials to adsorbate populations, via equilibrium binding constants. Our model predicts that hydrolyzed species dominate the mica-water interface, even when unhydrolyzed species dominate the solution. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations confirm that aluminum hydrolysis is strongly promoted at the interface. The TLM indicates that hydrolyzed adsorbates are responsible for surface-potential inversions, and we find strong correlations between hydrolyzed adsorbates and particle-adhesion forces, suggesting that these species mediate adhesion by chemical bridging.in English, Turkish Talasemi intermedia ve hepatosellüler karsinom tanılı bir hastada 90Y-mikrosfer ile radyoembolizasyon prosedürü öncesi 18F-kolin ile pozitron emisyon tomografisi/bilgisayarlı tomografi (PET/BT) taraması yapıldı. Epacadostat 18F-kolin ile PET/BT taraması karaciğer kubbesindeki büyük bir lezyon içerisinde artmış tracer tutulumu ve muhtemelen kronik hemoliz ile indüklenen kompansatuvar hematopoezise kemik iliğinde artmış aktivite gösterdi. Bu skeletal patterned 18F-kolin tutulumu talasemik hastalara özgü bir PET/BT bulgusu olarak değerlendirilmelidir.in English, Turkish Kanser tanısının artmasıyla birlikte tanı ve evreleme için görüntüleme yöntemlerinin kullanım sıklığı da artmaktadır. Kanserin ve tümör davranışının karmaşık yapısından dolayı değerlendirme yöntemleri güncellenmiştir ve metabolik görüntüleme ağırlık kazanmıştır. Bu tekniklerin en popüler olanı hibrid pozitron emisyon tomografi/bilgisayarlı tomografi (PET/BT) sistemleridir. Prostat kanseri dünyada en sık görülen ikinci kanser ve erkeklerde kanserle ilgili ölüm nedenleri arasında beşinci en sık nedendir. Kemik metastazı, prostat kanserinde morbidite ve mortalite açısından prognostik bir faktördür. Sodyum florür (NaF) PET/BT, iskelet sisteminin değerlendirilmesinde umut verici bir görüntüleme yöntemidir. Bu makale 18F-NaF’nin prostat kanserinde kemik dışı dokulardaki tutulumunu gözden geçirerek bu alanlarda 18F-NaF görüntüleme ve 18F-FDG görüntülemenin temel farklılıklarını ortaya koyacaktır.