Booneflood8396

The recent interest into the Brownian gyrator has been confined chiefly to the analysis of Brownian dynamics both in theory and experiment despite the applicability of general cases with definite mass. Considering mass explicitly in the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation and Langevin dynamics simulations, we investigate how inertia can change the dynamics and energetics of the Brownian gyrator. In the Langevin model, the inertia reduces the nonequilibrium effects by diminishing the declination of the probability density function and the mean of a specific angular momentum, j_θ, as a measure of rotation. Another unique feature of the Langevin description is that rotation is maximized at a particular anisotropy while the stability of the rotation is minimized at a particular anisotropy or mass. Our results suggest that the Langevin dynamics description of the Brownian gyrator is intrinsically different from that with Brownian dynamics. In addition, j_θ is proven to be essential and convenient for estimating stochastic energetics such as heat currents and entropy production even in the underdamped regime.We study a recently proposed spin-1 model with competing antiferromagnetic first-neighbor interaction and a third-neighbor coupling mediated by nonmagnetic states, which reproduces topological features of the phase diagrams of high-T_c superconductors [S. A. Cannas and D. A. Stariolo, Phys. Rev. E 99, 042137 (2019)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.99.042137]. We employ a cluster mean-field approach to investigate effects of crystal field anisotropy on the phase transitions hosted by this model. At low temperatures, the temperature-crystal field phase diagram exhibits superantiferromagnetic (SAF), antiferromagnetic (AF), and paramagnetic (PM) phases. In addition, we found a thermally driven state between SAF and PM phases. This thermally driven state and the SAF phase appears in the phase diagram as a domelike structure. Our calculations indicate that only second-order phase transitions occur in the PM-AF phase boundary, as suggested by previous Monte Carlo simulations.Partial information decomposition of the multivariate mutual information describes the distinct ways in which a set of source variables contains information about a target variable. The groundbreaking work of Williams and Beer has shown that this decomposition cannot be determined from classic information theory without making additional assumptions, and several candidate measures have been proposed, often drawing on principles from related fields such as decision theory. None of these measures is differentiable with respect to the underlying probability mass function. We here present a measure that satisfies this property, emerges solely from information-theoretic principles, and has the form of a local mutual information. We show how the measure can be understood from the perspective of exclusions of probability mass, a principle that is foundational to the original definition of mutual information by Fano. Since our measure is well defined for individual realizations of random variables it lends itself, for example, to local learning in artificial neural networks. We also show that it has a meaningful Möbius inversion on a redundancy lattice and obeys a target chain rule. We give an operational interpretation of the measure based on the decisions that an agent should take if given only the shared information.Lévy walk process is one of the most effective models to describe superdiffusion, which underlies some important movement patterns and has been widely observed in micro- and macrodynamics. From the perspective of random walk theory, here we investigate the dynamics of Lévy walks under the influences of the constant force field and the one combined with harmonic potential. Utilizing Hermite polynomial approximation to deal with the spatiotemporally coupled analysis challenges, some striking features are detected, including non-Gaussian stationary distribution, faster diffusion, still strongly anomalous diffusion, etc.Heterogeneous systems of active matter exhibit a range of complex emergent dynamical patterns. In particular, it is difficult to predict the properties of the mixed system based on its constituents. These considerations are particularly significant for understanding realistic bacterial swarms, which typically develop heterogeneities even when grown from a single cell. Here, mixed swarms of cells with different aspect ratios are studied both experimentally and in simulations. In contrast with previous theory, there is no macroscopic phase segregation. However, locally, long cells act as nucleation cites, around which aggregates of short, rapidly moving cells can form, resulting in enhanced swarming speeds. On the other hand, high fractions of long cells form a bottleneck for efficient swarming. Our results suggest a physical advantage for the spontaneous heterogeneity of bacterial swarm populations.We apply the derivative expansion of the effective action in the exact renormalization group equation up to fourth order to the Z_2 and O(N) symmetric scalar models in d=3 Euclidean dimensions. We compute the critical exponents ν, η, and ω using polynomial expansion in the field. We obtain our predictions for the exponents employing two regulators widely used in exact renormalization group computations. We apply Wynn's epsilon algorithm to improve the predictions for the critical exponents, extrapolating beyond the next-to-next-to-leading order prediction of the derivative expansion.There are three regimes of cell membrane interaction with glass Tight and loose adhesion, separated by repulsion. Explicitly including hydration, this paper evaluates the pressure between the surfaces as functions of distance for ion correlation and ion-screened electrostatics and electromagnetic fluctuations. The results agree with data for tight adhesion energy (0.5-3 vs 0.4-4 mJ/m^2), detachment pressure (7.9 vs. 9 MPa), and peak repulsion (3.4-7.5 vs. PLX4032 supplier 5-10 kPa), also matching the repulsion's distance dependence on renormalization by steric pressure mainly from undulations.