Chapmanbegum4089

ng adverse outcomes such as mortality. In the intervention of frailty in the elderly, focusing on relatively young elderly might be more effective in reducing the adverse outcomes caused by frailty.Objective To analyze the incidence of eating problems and risk factors in children aged 1-6 years, and provide evidence for formulating relevant prevention and control strategies. Methods From June to December 2019, two community health service centers and two kindergartens were randomly selected in Shunyi district of Beijing by using stratified random cluster sampling method. Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect data on individual information, family information, and the incidence of eating problems and related factors. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify related factors. Results A total of 2 391 valid questionnaires were returned, the analysis result indicated that 1 432 children had at least one eating behavior problem, the incidence rate was 59.9%. The most common eating problem was inattention while eating (48.8%), followed by irregular eating position (14.0%), picky eaters (13.0%), excessive eating time (11.2%), excessive snacks intake (9.0%), and soup with rice (4.6%). The mother's education level, family income level, main caregivers and family members' attitudes toward child's eating were related factors for eating behavior problems in children. Mothers with high education level (OR=0.528, 95%CI 0.431-0.647) and family with high income level (OR=0.656, 95%CI 0.473- 0.909) were the protective factors for child's poor eating behaviors. Grandparent caring (OR=1.366, 95%CI 1.151-1.622), coaxing or forcing child to eat (OR=1.581, 95%CI 1.284-1.947) were the risk factors for child's poor eating behavior. Conclusion The incidence of eating problems was high in children aged 1-6 years. It is necessary to strengthen the intervention in families with low-income and low-education levels and children raised by grandparents to reduce the incidence of poor eating behaviors in children.Objective To analyze the seasonality, age distribution of influenza B cases and matching degree of influenza B vaccine in China from 2011 to 2019, and provide evidences for the future surveillance, estimation of disease burden of influenza B, application of quadrivalent vaccines, and development of vaccine strategies. Methods The epidemiological and virological surveillance data of influenza B from week 14 of 2011 to week 13 of 2019 obtained from National Influenza Surveillance Network were used to draw hot spot maps and conduct descriptive statistics to analyze the seasonality and age distribution of influenza B cases. The published antigenicity analysis results from the China Weekly Influenza Report were used to analyze the matching degree between the trivalent vaccine strain and the circulating influenza B strains. Results From 2011 to 2019, the incidence of influenza B showed obvious seasonal characteristics, and influenza B virus co-circulated with influenza A virus in six winter-spring seasons, and infl It is crucial to conduct continuous surveillance of influenza B and disease burden evaluation, improve vaccine immunization strategy, increase influenza vaccination rate to reduce the harm of influenza B in high-risk groups.Objective To explore the spatio-temporal patterns and epidemic characteristics of imported dengue fever cases in six provinces (Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian and Zhejiang) of China from 2016 to 2018. Methods In this study, we collected the surveillance data of imported dengue fever cases from 2016 to 2018 in six southern provinces of China. The risk intensity, spatio-temporal distribution and epidemiological characteristics of imported dengue fever cases in the six provinces were analyzed from the perspective of space, time and population. Results Among the imported cases of dengue fever in China from other countries in the world, most of them were from Southeast Asia. In Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong provinces, there were greater number of imported cases with wide range of sources. While in Yunnan, Guangxi and Hainan provinces, the imported cases were almost from Southeast Asia. The incidence of imported dengue fever increased during the past three years, and the annual incidence peak was durin implement more precise prevention strategies.Objective To characterize the epidemiology of severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in China from 2008 to 2018 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of severe HFMD. Methods The incidence data of severe HFMD cases from 2008 to 2018 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. see more Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze distributions, pathogen constituent and change of severe HFMD. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trends of severity rate, proportion of severe cases and severe fatality rate. Results From 2008 to 2018, a total of 157 065 cases of severe HFMD were reported in China, with an average annual case-severity rate of 1.05/100 000, a severe case proportion of 0.76% and a severity-fatality rate of 2.34%. The severity rate and the proportion of severe cases showed a downward trend after 2010, and severe fatality rate decreased significantly after 2014. The severe cases mainly occurred in infants aged ≤3 years (91.47%), more boys were affected than girls (1.78∶1). The median age of severe HFMD cases caused by EV-A71 was highest (1.99 years) and increased year by year, other enterovirus infection cases accounted for a higher proportion in infants aged ≤1 year (66.56%). The incidence peak occurred during April-July, other enteroviruses replaced EV-A71 as the predominant serotype in 2018 (61.97%). The incidence of severe HFMD were high in some provinces in southwestern, central and eastern China. Conclusion The overall severity rate, proportion of severe cases and severe fatality rate of HFMD in the mainland of China have shown a downward trend. The predominant pathogen in some provinces has changed from EV-A71 to other enteroviruses. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of HFMD in key population, high incidence seasons and areas and carry out the surveillance of various pathogens of HFMD.