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Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.The function of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) has been gradually elucidated in several diseases, especially in various cancers. However, the role of ALDH1 in skin-related diseases has been mostly unknown. Previously, we found that ALDH1 is involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). In this study, we used high-throughput screening (HTS) approaches to identify critical factors associated with ALDH1 in human keratinocytes to reveal its functions in skin. We overexpressed ALDH1 in human HaCaT keratinocytes and then conducted serial HTS studies, a DNA microarray and antibody array integrated with bioinformatics algorithms. Together, those tests identified several novel genes associated with the function of ALDH1 in keratinocytes, as well as AD, including CTSG and CCL11. In particular, GNB3, GHSR, TAS2R9, FFAR1, TAS2R16, CCL21, GPR32, NPFFR1, GPR15, FBXW12, CCL19, EDNRA, FFAR3, and RXFP3 proteins were consistently detected as hub proteins in the PPI maps. By integrating the datasets obtained from these HTS studies and using the strengths of each method, we obtained new insights into the functional role of ALDH1 in skin keratinocytes. The approach used here could contribute to the clinical understanding of ALDH1-associated applications for the treatment of AD.The compassionate communities movement challenges the notion that death and dying should be housed within clinical and institutional contexts, and works to normalize conversations about death and dying by promoting death literacy and dialogue in public spaces. Community-based practices and conversations about grief remain marginal in this agenda. We aimed to theorize how grief could be better conceptualized and operationalized within the compassionate communities movement. We develop the concept of Grief Literacy and present vignettes to illustrate a grief literate society. Grief literacy augments the concept of death literacy, thereby further enhancing the potential of the compassionate communities approach.In Vitro analysis of the interaction of organophosphate pesticides (OP) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) is crucial to understand their potential effects at the molecular level. In this context, we have employed Saturation Transfer Difference (STD) NMR experiments in conjunction with molecular docking studies to unravel the binding interaction of the OP chlorpyrifos (CPF), diazinon (DZN) and parathion (PA) in solution. The relative STD (%) suggested the detailed epitope mapping of these OP with BSA while the concentration-dependent STD NMR studies were performed to obtain the complex dissociation constant (KD) of the OP-BSA complexes; KD=1.81 × 10-4 M, 1.30 × 10-3 M and 1.11 × 10-3 M for CPF, DZN and PA were extracted respectively. Similar binding modes were identified for all the three OP using STD site-marker experiment. ITC experiments were performed as a complementary method that revealed a high binding affinity of OP-BSA complexes through non-covalent interaction. Molecular docking confirmed the possible interacting chemical groups of OP-BSA complexes. These significant results furnish valuable information about the toxicity risk of OP to proteins.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.Opioid receptor mu1 (OPRM1) is the target of many opioid drugs, and it is known to have affinity toward both endogenous and exogenous opioids, opiate and opioid analgesic drugs. see more The present study was undertaken to explore association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the OPRM1 gene with heroin use disorder. Ten OPRM1 polymorphisms were analyzed in 132 cases and 147 healthy controls. The SNP rs483481 showed significant allelic, genotypic and haplotypic association (Allelic p-value = 0.003, OR = 1.75, CI = 1.21-2.55) (Genotypic p-value = 0.003, OR = 1.72, CI = 1.08-2.75) with heroin use disorder. Allelic and genotypic association remained significant even after multiple testing corrections with 1000 permutations. A significant positive correlation between 'Number of times drug abstained' and 'rs483481-AA genotype' (p-value = 0.002; Pearson correlation = 0.265) was also observed. One-way ANOVA analysis demonstrated significant association of rs483481 with 'number of times drug abstained' (F = 4.86, p-value =0.009). 'A' allele and 'AA' genotype of marker rs483481 seem to confer protective effect while 'G' allele and 'GG' genotype potentiates risk for heroin use disorder. OPRM1 is found to be associated with heroin use disorder in the studied Manipuri cohort. The study suggests that individuals with G allele and GG genotypes at rs483481 could be more vulnerable to heroin dependence, and it could be taken into consideration in prevention and intervention programs.A new series of novel pyrazole-containing imide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activities against A-549, Bel7402, and HCT-8 cell lines. Among these compounds A2, A4, A11 and A14 possessed high inhibition activity against A-549 cell lines with IC50 values at 4.91, 3.22, 27.43 and 18.14 μM, respectively, better than that of 5-fluorouracil (IC50=59.27 μM). A2, A4, and A11 also exhibited significant inhibitory activity towards HCT-8 and Bel7402 cell lines. Interestingly, the Heat Shock Protein 90α (Hsp90α, PDB ID 1UYK) was found to be the potential drug target of these synthesized compounds with the aid of PharmMapper server (http//lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/) and docking module of Schrödinger (Maestro 10.2). Additionally, molecular dynamics simulation was performed out to explore the most likely binding mode of compound A2 with Hsp90α.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus have been implicated as the primary causative agents of dental caries in humans. This study aimed to screen the antibacterial activity of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous extracts of Ginger against mentioned bacteria and investigate chemical constituents of the extracts, and their activity against some drug targets in S. mutans. Antimicrobial tests including biofilm inhibition, time-kill kinetics, and adherence inhibition alongside cytotoxicity of extracts, were assessed. A molecular networking technique was used to find chemical constituents of the extracts. Molecular docking analysis on the Schrodinger package was applied to identify the binding interactions of the compounds to targeted enzymes. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed the highest antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Different compounds including polyphenols, alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids, and reducing sugars dereplicated from Ginger extracts.