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The DID values of outpatient oral AMU were 1.21 for dentists and 12.11 for physicians. The DID value for on-site dispensing was 0.89 in 2017, in which cephalosporins were the predominantly used antimicrobials (DID 0.60).
Interventions that target dentists in Japan should focus on on-site dispensing of oral antimicrobials (especially cephalosporins) for outpatients. Further studies are needed to ascertain the underlying factors of oral cephalosporin prescriptions to guide the development of effective antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Interventions that target dentists in Japan should focus on on-site dispensing of oral antimicrobials (especially cephalosporins) for outpatients. Further studies are needed to ascertain the underlying factors of oral cephalosporin prescriptions to guide the development of effective antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Differences in academic qualifications are cited as the reason behind the documented gender gap in industry sponsorship to academic plastic surgeons. Gendered imbalances in academic metrics narrow among senior academic plastic surgeons. However, it is unknown whether this gender parity translates to industry payments.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of industry payments disbursed to plastic surgeons in 2018. Inclusion criteria encompassed (i) faculty with the rank of professor or a departmental leadership position. Exclusion criteria included faculty (i) who belonged to a speciality besides plastic surgery; (ii) whose gender could not be determined; or (iii) whose name could not be located on the Open Payment Database. Faculty and title were identified using departmental listings of ACGME plastic surgery residency programs. We extracted industry payment data through the Open Payment Database. We also collected details on H-index and time in practice. Statistical analysis included odds ratios (OR) peakerships is warranted.
Disparity in industry funding narrows at senior levels in academic plastic surgery. At higher academic levels, industry sponsorship may preferentially fund individuals based on academic productivity and career length. JNJ-42226314 Increased transparency in selection criteria for speakerships is warranted.Constructing robust and cost-effective Pt-based electrocatalysts with an easily operated strategy remains a crucial obstacle to fuel cell applications. Conventional Pt-based catalysts suffer from high Pt content and an arduous synthetic process. Herein, through the spray dehydration method and annealing treatment, facile producible synthesis of a small-sized (5.2 nm) low-Pt (10.5 wt %) ordered PtCo3/C catalyst (O-PtCo3/C) for oxygen reduction reaction is reported. The fast spray evaporation rate contributes to small size and uniform nucleation of nanoparticles (NPs) on carbon support. O-PtCo3/C-600 exhibits efficient electrocatalytic performance with mass activity (MA) 6.0-fold and specific activity 3.9-fold higher than commercial Pt/C. The ordered chemical structure generates superior stability with merely 3.5% decay in MA after 10,000 potential cycles. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the enhanced catalytic performance originates from rational modification of d-band through strain and ordering effect and accompanying weaker adsorption of intermediate OH. This work highlights the potentials of low-Pt PtM3-type ordered NPs for prospective fuel cell cathodic catalysis. The proposed facile and practical synthetic strategy also shows promising prospects for preparing effective Pt-based electrocatalysts.
Cognitive dysfunction contributes to poor learning and impaired self-care (SC) for patients with heart failure.
The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a nurse-led, virtual home-based cognitive training and SC education intervention to support SC and (2) evaluate the relationship between improvements in SC and cognitive change and examine 30-day readmission rates.
In this 2-phase pilot study, we used a prospective, exploratory design. In phase 1, recruitment criteria and retention issues threatened feasibility and acceptance. Significant modifications were made and evaluated in phase 2.
In phase 2, 12 participants were recruited (7 women and 5 men). Feasibility was supported. All participants and the study nurse positively evaluated acceptability of the intervention. Median SC scores improved over time. Thirty-day hospital readmission rates were 25%.
Phase 1 indicates the intervention as originally designed was not feasible or acceptable. Phase 2 supports the feasibility and acceptability of the modified intervention. Further testing is warranted.
Phase 1 indicates the intervention as originally designed was not feasible or acceptable. Phase 2 supports the feasibility and acceptability of the modified intervention. Further testing is warranted.Nitrogen-coordinated single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as a new frontier for accelerating oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) owing to the optimal atom efficiency and fascinating properties. However, augmenting the full exposure of active sites is a crucial challenge in terms of simultaneously pursuing high metal loading of SACs. Here, petal-like porous carbon nanosheets with densely accessible Fe-N4 moieties (FeNC-D) are constructed by combining the space-confinement of silica and the coordination of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. The resulted FeNC-D catalyst possesses an enhanced mesoporosity and a balanced hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, which can facilitate mass transport and advance the exposure of inaccessible Fe-N4 sites, resulting in efficient utilization of active sites. By virtue of the petal-like porous architecture with maximized active site density, FeNC-D demonstrates superior ORR performance in a broad pH range. Remarkably, when utilized as the air cathode in Zn-air battery (ZAB) and microbial fuel cell (MFC), the FeNC-D-based device displays a large power density (356 mW cm-2 for ZAB and 1041.3 mW m-2 for MFC) and possesses remarkable stability, substantially outperforming the commercial Pt/C catalyst.Physical impacts of diluted bitumen (dilbit) and the application of surface washing agents (SWAs) in freshwater have not been characterized for aquatic invertebrates. These compounds are known to reduce surface tension in feather and fur microstructures of birds and mammals, and thus likely to affect buoyancy of surface-dwelling aquatic insects. We evaluated impacts of fresh dilbit and a SWA on water striders (Metrobates sp.), surface-dwelling organisms that rely on fine-hair microstructures to remain buoyant. We report nominal sheen thickness values that cause 50% immobility in 48 hours as determined from exposure studies in outdoor tanks. Comparing our data to historic oil spill volumes in Canada and the United States in the past 12 years indicate that our reported nominal sheen thicknesses could have been reached or exceeded in 99% of historic spills when scaled to a small reference lake. The addition of Corexit EC9580A, a SWA approved for marine use in Canada, lead to 100% immobility in striders within minutes, both in combination with oil and alone.
