Garrettfyhn2243

Pyrolysis process significantly influences the physicochemical properties and potential application of magnetic porous biochars (MPBCs). However, the effects of pyrolysis temperature on the properties of MPBCs as well as substantial adsorption are still unclear. This study reported a facile method to obtain the MPBC from tea waste via pyrolysis of a mixture of hydrochar, KHCO3, and FeCl3·6H2O under different temperatures (500-800 °C), and explored further the adsorption toward tetracycline (TC). Results showed pyrolysis temperature obviously influenced the physicochemical properties of MPBCs, and MPBC pyrolyzed at 700 °C (MPBC-700) has a highest specific surface area (1066 m2 g-1) and pore volume (2.693 cm3 g-1). However, the adsorption potential increased consistently from 59.35 mg g-1 for MPBC-500 to 333.22 mg g-1 for MPBC-800, suggesting that the surface area and pore volume were not the only factors determining TC adsorption. Further analysis showed that the pore-filling, π-π interaction, complexation, and hydrogen bonding contributed together to TC adsorption. Moreover, all MPBCs possessed a high saturation magnetization, indicating the easy separation by an external magnet. Therefore, MPBCs (especially at 700 °C) can act as the excellent adsorbents for contaminant removal due to their high separation, adsorption, and reuse performance.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of melatonin and L-thyroxine (T4) on the expression of various receptors, and some metabolic, reproductive, and gonadotropic hormones in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats.

Assessment of gravimetric, hormonal profile and thyroid histology and relative expression of melatonin receptors (MT1, MT2) and estrogen receptor α (Erα) in thyroid and ovary, and type II iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio2) and thyroid hormone receptor α (TRα) in ovary were done according to standard protocols.

A significant increase in thyroid follicles numbers was noted in the hyperthyroid rat. T4 treatment to PCOS showed the expected increment in the circulating level of triiodothyronine (T) and T

. Melatonin and T4 treatment of PCOS rats resulted in a significant decrease in the circulating level of T

and T

. Hyperthyroid rats showed a decrement in plasma melatonin levels. However, T4 treatment to PCOS rats showed increased circulating melatonin levels, and a decrease in the circulating level of gonadotropins (LH and FSH), and testosterone. Melatonin treatment to PCOS-hyperthyroid rats resulted in the normal expression of ovarian and thyroid MT1 and ERα, receptors, which had been altered in PCOS and hyperthyroid rats, without any significant change in the MT2 receptor.

The present findings suggest a fine interplay and cross-talk via melatonin and its two receptors with ERα, TRα, and Dio

in thyroid and ovarian tissue during PCOS and hyperthyroidism pathogenicity.

The present findings suggest a fine interplay and cross-talk via melatonin and its two receptors with ERα, TRα, and Dio2 in thyroid and ovarian tissue during PCOS and hyperthyroidism pathogenicity.

To characterize exercise fatigue, metabolic phenotype and cognitive and mood deficits correlated with brain neuroinflammatory and gut microbiome changes in a chronic GWI mouse model.

Adult male C57Bl/6N mice were exposed for 28 days (5 days/week) to pyridostigmine bromide 6.5 mg/kg/day, b.i.d., P.O. (GW1) or 8.7 mg/kg/day, q.d., P.O. (GW2); topical permethrin (1.3 mg/kg in 100% DMSO) and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamid (DEET 33% in 70% EtOH) and restraint stress (5 min/day). Exercise, metabolic and behavioral endpoints were compared to sham stress control (CON/S).

Relative to CON/S, GW2 presented persistent exercise intolerance (through post-treatment (PT) day 161), deficient associative learning, and transient insulin insensitivity. In contrast to GW2, GW1 showed deficient long-term object recognition memory and behavioral despair.

Our findings demonstrate that GW chemicals dose-dependently determine the severity of exercise fatigue and cognitive/mood-deficient phenotypes that show persistence. Our comprehensive mouse model of GWI recapitulates the major multiple symptoms/pathology characterizing GWI, including fatigue and cognitive impairment that can be used to more efficiently develop diagnostic tests and curative treatments for ill GWVs.

Our findings demonstrate that GW chemicals dose-dependently determine the severity of exercise fatigue and cognitive/mood-deficient phenotypes that show persistence. Our comprehensive mouse model of GWI recapitulates the major multiple symptoms/pathology characterizing GWI, including fatigue and cognitive impairment that can be used to more efficiently develop diagnostic tests and curative treatments for ill GWVs.Our aim was to assess the association between changes in active travel to school and changes in different intensities of physical activity (i.e. moderate - MPA and vigorous - VPA) and time spent sedentary (SED) among adolescents and assess the moderating effect of children's sex, age and weight status. Data from six cohort studies in the International Children's Accelerometry Database were used (4108 adolescents aged 10-13y at baseline, with 1.9±0.7y of follow-up). Participants self-reported travel mode to school at baseline and follow-up. Mutually exclusive categories of change were created using passive (e.g. by car) or active (cycling or walking) forms of transport (active/active, passive/active, active/passive, passive/passive). Multilevel linear regression analyses assessed associations with change in accelerometer-assessed time spent MPA, VPA and SED, adjusting for potential confounders. The moderation of sex, age and weight status was tested though interaction terms in the regression models. Relative to those remaining in active travel (active/active), participants classified as passive/active increased VPA (B 2.23 min/d; 95%CI 0.97-3.48), while active/passive (MPA -5.38min/d; -6.77 to -3.98; VPA -2.92min/d; -4.06 to -1.78) and passive/passive (MPA -4.53min/d; -5.55 to -3.50; VPA -2.84min/d; -3.68 to -2.01) decreased MPA and VPA. There were no associations with SED. An interaction was observed, age group moderated the association with change in VPA among 12-13y-olds a greater increase in VPA was observed for the passive/active group compared to active/active. Promoting active travel to school can be a strategy to attenuate the decline in physical activity through adolescence.Globally, abundant agricultural wastes (AWs) are being generated each day to fulfil the increasing demands of the fast-growing population. The limited and/or improper management of the same has created an urgent need to devise strategies for their timely utilization and valorisation, for agricultural sustainability and human-food and health security. The AWs are generated from different sources including crop residue, agro-industries, livestock, and aquaculture. The main component of the crop residue and agro-industrial waste is cellulose, (the most abundant biopolymer), followed by lignin and hemicellulose (lignocellulosic biomass). The AWs and their processing are a global issue since its vast majority is currently burned or buried in soil, causing pollution of air, water and global warming. Traditionally, some crop residues have been used in combustion, animal fodder, roof thatching, composting, soil mulching, matchsticks and paper production. But, lignocellulosic biomass can also serve as a sustainable source of biofuel (biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, biohydrogen) and bioenergy in order to mitigate the fossil fuel shortage and climate change issues. Thus, valorisation of lignocellulosic residues has the potential to influence the bioeconomy by producing value-added products including biofertilizers, bio-bricks, bio-coal, bio-plastics, paper, biofuels, industrial enzymes, organic acids etc. This review encompasses circular bioeconomy based various AW management strategies, which involve 'reduction', 'reusing' and 'recycling' of AWs to boost sustainable agriculture and minimise environmental pollution.Based on a study in two European cities, Mainz in Germany and Zurich in Switzerland, the article investigates both acoustical and non-acoustical factors affecting indoor annoyance due to residential road traffic and aircraft noise. We specifically focus on three factors (1) the role of windows as a feature of the building where people live; (2) the role of individual environmental concern as a general attitude; and (3) the role of household income as an indicator of socioeconomic resources. Empirical results show that closed windows in general and closed high-quality windows in particular are an important barrier against outdoor road traffic and aircraft noise, as well as a helpful subjective coping tool against corresponding annoyances. Environmental concern, too, proves to be a significant predictor of noise annoyance. Environmentally highly concerned people articulate feelings of annoyance more often than environmentally less concerned ones. As expected income is negatively related to road traffic noise annoyance. However, we find a positive association of income with annoyance from aircraft noise. Although objective exposure to aircraft noise is lower for high-income households, they feel stronger annoyed by noise from airplanes. Income shows various indirect effects on noise annoyance. A comparative analysis of road traffic and aircraft noise annoyance yields similarities, but also remarkable differences in terms of their influence factors.Bioresources are attaining much importance in the discovery of drugs and delivering agents. In particular, marine sponges are of great interest due to their metabolites production for the survival in risky environment. The incorporation of silver nanoparticles with marine sponge derived metabolites was reported for the first time. In this work, a facile material has been generated of great efficacy in solving environmental and health issues, as a recipe of silver and marine sponge Clathria frondifera, named as Ag Fortified Sponge spheres (AFS). see more AFS spheres were successfully synthesized after method optimization, using the various extracts of marine sponge Clathria frondifera as effective reducing agent in Ag (I) to Ag (0) reduction. Bioactive material from marine sponge and AgNP from the reduction of AgNO3 solution stablishing one another and thus AFS spheres were attaining long lifetime along with enhanced antimicrobial activity. The characterization of synthesized AFS and other AgNPs (1-4) has done using FT-IR, PXRD, FESEM, TEM, and UV-vis data. The presence of functional groups such as, Ag-O, and Ag-C stretching bonds in the AFS compounds indicated that it is composed of silver oxides and organo-silver, respectively. The synthesized Ag NPs were found to be spherical like structure with an average size of ∼20 nm. The cytotoxic response of AFS was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and morphological changes. AFS are exact spherical, micro sized and effective in inhibiting the growth of both gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. Anticancer studies were also carried out and ensued with excellent activity in the HELA cells with potential application in the medical industry.