Mckaybjerg5068

erent cultural and linguistic groups, and further operationalization and testing in implementation projects.Plastic pollution is threatening the world and the life in it. Cost-effective and eco-friendly treatment is the need of the hour. Treating plastics using chemical methods adds up chemicals into the environment with toxic byproducts. The physical method, a slow and expensive process, is not the better alternative. The process should rely on the environmental sources producing eco-friendly byproducts. The byproducts such as biofuel could be utilized for a sustainable environment, but the conversion of plastics into biofuel is expensive. Hence, biodegradation is the better, sustainable, and cost-effective process for plastic/any other pollutant removal. The study focuses on the construction of Winogradsky column using dumpsite soil. The column amended with Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) serves as a carbon source for native microbes. The utilization of microbes in every niche for the degradation enhances the degradation of LDPE. The Otteri soil resulted in 35.4 ± 0.3%, while Kodungaiyur and agriculture soil show 29.7 ± 0.6% and 19.8 ± 0.8%. The AFM analysis shows the disruption of smooth LDPE surface by forming ridges and grooves, which further confirms the occurrence of degradation. The FTIR analysis shows the incorporation of OH, CO, and other CO-O-CO in the CH backbone of LDPE. Selleck BMS-986235 The oxidation of LDPE will aid in cleavage and result in the process of weathering. The tensile strength decreased after LDPE treatment (23.88 MPa - control, 22.50 MPa - Kodungaiyur, and 14.92 MPa - Otteri). Thus, utilizing the native microbes present in every niche enhances the degradation of pollutants.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent one of the major toxic pollutants associated with PM2.5 with significant human health and climate effects. Because of local and long-range transport of atmospheric PAHs to receptor sites, higher global attentions have been focused to improve PAHs pollution emission management. In this study, PM2.5 samples were collected at three urban sites located in the capital of Iran, Tehran, during the heating and non-heating periods (H-period and NH-period). The US EPA 16 priority PAHs were analyzed and the data were processed to the following detailed aims (i) investigate the H-period and NH-period variations of PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound PAHs concentrations; (ii) identify the PAHs sources and the source locations during the two periods; (iii) carry out a source-specific excess cancer risk (ECR) assessment highlighting the potential source locations contributing to the ECR using a hybrid approach. Total PAHs (TPAHs) showed significantly higher concentrations (1.56-1.89 times was used for tracking the potential locations of the identified sources. In addition to local sources, long-range transport contributed to a significant fraction of TPHAs in Tehran both during the H- and NH-periods. Source-specific carcinogenic risks assessment apportioned vehicle exhaust (44.2%, 2.52 × 10-4) and biomass burning-natural gas emissions (33.9%, 8.31 × 10-5) as the main cancer risk contributors during the H-period and NH-period, respectively. CWT maps pointed out the different distribution patterns associated with the cancer risk from the identified sources. This will allow better risk management through the identification of priority PAHs sources.Catalytic hydrogen reduction has appeared as a promising strategy for chemical denitrification with advantages of high activity and simple operation. However, the risk and low utilization of H2 is the disadvantage of catalytic hydrogen reduction. In recent years, catalytic reduction reactions in the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) have been extensively studied. NaBH4 can be used as an electron source to generate electrons on the surface of the catalyst and can catalyze the reduction of pollutants. But it makes commercialization costly and causes significant environmental pollution if widely use NaBH4. In this study, we prepared supported Pd/Sn bimetallic nanoparticles which could adsorb NaBH4 during the preparation of the Pd/Sn bimetallic catalyst as the prestoring reductant. No additional reducing agent is required during nitrate reduction process. The performance and mechanism for nitrate reduction by using Pd/Sn bimetallic nanoparticles were discussed. Moreover, the catalyst D-Pd1/Sn1 reached a complete nitrate removal in the municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent water within 3 h. The results provide a prospect for denitrification in biological wastewater treatment plants.Mariculture wastewater generated from the mariculture industry has increased public concern due to its impact on the sustainability of aquatic environments and aquaculture practices. Herein, the Bacterial-Algal Coupling System was applied for mariculture wastewater treatment. Microalgae growth in heterotrophy and mixotrophy (2000-8000 lux) was first compared. The best microalgal growth and nutrient removal were obtained at 5000 lux, where biomass productivity of microalgae was 0.465 g L-1 d-1, and 98.1% of chemical oxygen demand, 70.7% of ammonia-nitrogen, and 90.0% of total phosphorus were removed. To further understand the nutrient removal through microalgae cultivation, the enzyme activities involved in the Calvin cycle and the Tricarboxylic Acid cycle at different light intensities were determined. Under mixotrophic cultivation, there was a coordination between photosynthesis and heterotrophic metabolism in the agal cell, which resulted in a high algal biomass production and removal efficiency of nutrients. This study provided a novel insight into the bioremediation of mariculture wastewater and microalgae cultivation.Endophytic wild fungal strain Phyllosticta elongata MH458897 isolated from medicinal plant Cipadessa baccifera from the Western Ghats region of Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve Forest. This endophytic fungus has potential of effective anticancer drug Camptothecin (CPT). Endophytic fungi act as key symbionts in-between plants and ecosystem in the biosphere. This recently identified microbial population inside the plants produces many defence metabolites against plant pathogens. Among these defense metabolites, CPT gained much attention because of its effective anticancer activity. The maximum yield of CPT produced by optimizing the various factors like DEKM07 medium, pH 5.6, incubation time using Response Surface Methodology based on Central Composite Design. Extracted CPT is characterized using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Electrospray ionization-Mass spectrometry. The highest yield of CPT was 0.747 mg/L was produced at optimized factors of dextrose - 50 g L-1, peptone - 5.708 g L-1, magnesium sulphate - 0.