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An R Shiny application is available at www.trialdesign.org to implement the Keyboard combination design. BACKGROUND Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy are the most common procedures performed in bariatric surgery and both have been demonstrated to have significant effectiveness in treating morbid obesity. However, comparative analysis of their effectiveness has not been well studied. This comparative analysis was conducted to determine whether Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy have the same mid- and long-term outcomes in weight loss, resolution of obesity comorbidities and adverse events (AEs) of treatment. METHODS We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases from the establishment of the database to January 1, 2020 for both randomized control trials and non-randomised interventional studies that studied Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with respect to weight loss outcomes, resolution of obesity comorbidities and AEs of treatment. Standardised mean differences, Liquid metals in recent years have grabbed the attention of researchers due to their expanded applicability not only in the field of therapeutics but also in theranostic. Acknowledged as a nuclear medicine due to its radioactivity, Gallium finds its widespread application in disorders of bone, calcium metabolism, and cancer. The present article deals with the advancement of gallium based nanoplatforms for therapy, imaging, and biosensing of cancers. The article describes the gallium based nanoconjugates and furnishes one's understanding of various therapeutic approaches such as photothermal therapy, sonodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy along with various imaging platforms and biosensing platforms. A brief section related to patents on gallium based nanoplatforms in cancer has been included along with various molecular docking and simulation studies done on gallium. The recent advancement with respect to drug delivery gives an insight into the future perspective of gallium based nanoplatforms in the field of cancer theranostic. Translation potential of RNA interference nanotherapeutics remains challenging due to in vivo off-target effects and poor endosomal escape. Here, we developed novel polyplexes for controlled intracellular delivery of dicer substrate siRNA, using a light activation approach. Sulfonated polyethylenimines covalently linked to pyropheophorbide-α for photoactivation and bearing modified amines (sulfo-pyro-PEI) for regulated endosomal escape were investigated. Gene knock-down by the polymer-complexed DsiRNA duplexes (siRNA-NPs) was monitored in breast cancer cells. Surprisingly, sulfo-pyro-PEI/siRNA-NPs failed to downregulate the PLK1 or eGFP proteins. However, photoactivation of these cell associated-polyplexes with a 661-nm laser clearly restored knock-down of both proteins. In contrast, protein down-regulation by non-sulfonated pyro-PEI/siRNA-NPs occurred without any laser treatments, indicating cytoplasmic disposition of DsiRNA followed a common intracellular release mechanism. Therefore, sulfonated pyro-PEI holds potential as a unique trap and release light-controlled delivery platform for on-demand gene silencing bearing minimal off target effects. Published by Elsevier Inc.Spinal cord injury (SCI), a multifactorial disease, can lead to irreversible motor and sensory disabilities. Panobinostat Cell therapy in combination with pharmacological agents can be a promising approach to attenuate SCI damages. Epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSCs) extracted from bulge hair follicle in adults are attractive candidates due to the possibility of autologous transplantation. This study evaluated the effect of EPI-NCSCs combined with astaxanthin (Ast), a potent antioxidant, on damages induced by SCI. Male rats were treated with Ast (0.2 mM) and EPI-NCSCs (106/10 μl PBS) alone and combined together after SCI contusion. Motor function was assessed by Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) test on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 post-injury. Motor neurons number and myelin level were evaluated on days 14 and 42 using Nissl and Luxol Fast Blue staining. The gene expression of mitochondrial biogenesis involved factors (PGC1α, NRF1 and TFAM) was measured by qPCR. All treatments improved motor function, with the highest BBB score in Ast + Cell compared to Ast and Cell. Decreased motor neurons number and myelin level following SCI, were increased by Ast, Cell and Ast + Cell, but combination therapy significantly had a better effect. We observed reduction in PGC1α, NRF1, and TFAM expression in spinal tissue after SCI, and treatment with Cell and Ast + Cell significantly restored NRF1 and TFAM mRNA levels. These results suggested that Ast in combination with EPI-NCSCs has better effects on behavioral dysfunction, motor neuron loss and demyelination after SCI. These protective effects may be attributed to mitochondrial biogenesis activation. The NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a vital role in mediating the innate immune system. Its aberrant activation contributes to the progression of several devastating diseases such as acute peritonitis, acute liver injury, sepsis, gout, and others. However, the medications targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are not available in the clinic. Reusing marketed drugs, which have been already proved to possess good pharmacokinetic profiles and safety, is a strategy to develop new NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors for clinical trials. In this study, we identified disulfiram (DSF), an old marketed drug as a treatment for alcoholism, could effectively inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation and suppress pyroptotic cell death. DSF prevented lysosomal cathepsin B releasing into the cytoplasm, which in turn inactivated the NLRP3 inflammasome. DSF also reduced mitochondrial-independent ROS production. More importantly, treatment with DSF showed remarkable therapeutic effects on the LPS-induced peritoneal inflammation and MSU-induced gouty inflammation. This study provides a potential pharmacological approach to treating NLRP3-driven diseases and a tool to study NLRP3 biology.