Macmillanlindgaard3014

sed on community samples (β [SE] = -1.68 [0.79]; P = .04) or with lower methodological quality (β [SE] = -2.86 [1.30]; P = .03) were associated more strongly with suicide attempts in those reporting experiences of sexual abuse, whereas young age was associated with both suicide attempts (β [SE] = -0.59 [0.27]; P = .03) and ideation (β [SE] = -0.41 [0.18]; P = .03).

These findings suggest that policy actions should focus on raising public awareness and offering proactive suicide prevention therapies for children and young adults who have experienced abuse and/or neglect.

These findings suggest that policy actions should focus on raising public awareness and offering proactive suicide prevention therapies for children and young adults who have experienced abuse and/or neglect.

Reducing unintended pregnancy is a national public health priority. Incentive metrics are increasingly used by health systems to improve health outcomes and reduce costs, but limited data exist on the association of incentive metrics with contraceptive use.

To evaluate whether an association exists between implementing an incentive metric and effective contraceptive use within the Oregon Medicaid program.

In this state-level, claims-based cohort study, a comparative interrupted time series design was used to evaluate whether the implementation of an effective contraceptive use incentive metric on January 1, 2015, was associated with changes in contraceptive use among Oregon Medicaid adult enrollees when compared with commercially insured women. The participants were adult women at risk of pregnancy (18-50 years of age) living in Oregon from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2017, and enrolled in Medicaid (532 337 person-years) or in commercial health insurance (1 131 738 person-years).

Implementatlly insured comparison group. This finding is relevant given national efforts aimed at adopting a similar metric for widespread use.

Implementation of the effective contraceptive use incentive metric was associated with a significant increase in contraceptive use among Medicaid enrollees relative to a commercially insured comparison group. This finding is relevant given national efforts aimed at adopting a similar metric for widespread use.

Interpreting randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and their clinical relevance is challenging when P values are either marginally above or below the P = .05 threshold.

To use the concept of reverse fragility index (RFI) to provide a measure of confidence in the neutrality of RCT results when assessed from the clinical perspective.

In this cross-sectional study, a MEDLINE search was conducted for RCTs published from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018, in JAMA, the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), and The Lancet. Eligible studies were phase 3 and 4 trials with 11 randomization and statistically nonsignificant binary primary end points. Data analysis was performed from August 1, 2019, to August 31, 2019.

Single vs multicenter enrollment, total number of events, private vs government funding, placebo vs active control, and time to event vs frequency data.

The primary outcome was the median RFI with interquartile range (IQR) at the P = .05 threshold. Secondary outcomes were the number of RCTs in wt primary end points vs frequency data (9 [5-14] vs 7 [4-13]; P = .43). The median (IQR) RFI at the P = .01 threshold was 12 (7-19) and at the P = .005 threshold was 14 (9-21).

This cross-sectional study found that a relatively small number of events (median of 8) had to change to move the primary end point of an RCT from nonsignificant to statistically significant. These findings emphasize the nuance required when interpreting trial results that did not meet prespecified significance thresholds.

This cross-sectional study found that a relatively small number of events (median of 8) had to change to move the primary end point of an RCT from nonsignificant to statistically significant. These findings emphasize the nuance required when interpreting trial results that did not meet prespecified significance thresholds.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in children. Selleck Yoda1 Chemoresistance is the major obstacle for treatment of these tumors. This study aims to determine whether or not downregulating microRNA-222 (miR-222) could serve as a potential therapeutic target for preventing chemoresistance in RB treatment.

Differentially expressed miR-222 in RB samples and its downstream target genes were predicted using bioinformatics methods. The expression of miR-222 was altered by mimic or inhibitor to examine its role in RB cell in response to the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine (VCR). Further bioinformatic analysis predicted involvement of the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) protein in regulation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor, followed by characterization of the effect of VHL on the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of HIF1α. Next, VHL or HIF1α was overexpressed to determine their effects on RB cell activities after VCR treatment. In vivo assays were performed on nude mice to further verify the in vitro results.

miR-222 is highly expressed in RB tissues and cells and was found to facilitate resistance of RB cells to VCR. Of note, miR-222 specifically bound to and negatively regulated VHL. VHL could inhibit the stability of HIF1α and promote the degradation of ubiquitin-proteasome, thus reducing HIF1α expression to attenuate VCR resistance in RB cells. Moreover, inhibition of miR-222 in combination with VCR suppressed tumor formation in nude mice.

miR-222 promotes the expression of HIF1α by targeting VHL, thus accelerating the resistance of RB cells to the chemotherapeutic agent VCR.

miR-222 promotes the expression of HIF1α by targeting VHL, thus accelerating the resistance of RB cells to the chemotherapeutic agent VCR.

To examine subfoveal and peripapillary choroidal thickness changes after successful phacoemulsification in cataract cases with nonglaucomatous pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS).

Nineteen cataract patients with PXS and 19 without PXS were included in this prospective and interventional controlled study. Subfoveal and peripapillary choroidal thicknesses were measured before surgery and on the postoperative first day (D1), first week (W1), first month (M1), second month (M2), and third month (M3). Subfoveal choroidal thickness measurement included total subfoveal choroidal thickness (tSFCT), the small choroidal vessel layer (SF-SCVL) thickness, and the large choroidal vessel layer (SF-LCVL) thickness.

The greatest increase in mean tSFCT compared to baseline was observed between W1 and M1 with values of 23.33 ± 2.96 µm and 31.84 ± 2.88 µm, respectively, for the PXS and non-PXS groups (P = 0.014). The greatest increase in SF-SCVL thickness compared with baseline occurred at M1 with values of 6.66 ± 1.97 µm and 26.