Hjortgeertsen6192

By combining the four pollution source factors with bootstrap runs, the accuracy of the four pollution source factors were reliable based on PMF model. The median values in the BS runs was considered the most true factor contribution, and the 5th-95th quartile interval represents the variability of each factor, Factor 4 (traffic source) R2 was 0.70 and lower variability. The highest CV value usually means a significantly deviation degree. In this study, the CV values of Cr in Factor 1, Cu, Zn, and Ni in Factor 2, Hg, and As in Factor 3, Pb, and Cd in Factor 4 were lower, indicates a lower deviation degree. and with the lowest content among heavy metals usually was also with the greatest uncertainties. In this study improves understanding of the reduction of heavy metal pollution in cultivated soil, and also serves as reference for pollution source apportionment in other regions.Environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure can cause several pulmonary diseases. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involved in the process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ARRY-575 However, the association between environmental Cd exposure and EMT was unclear in COPD patients. This study aimed to analyze the associations among circulatory Cd, EMT and COPD based on case-control study. Four hundred COPD patients and 400 control subjects were recruited. Circulatory Cd was detected using atomic adsorption spectrometer. MicroRNA-30 (miR-30) was measured by RT-PCR and the markers of pulmonary EMT were evaluated through western blotting. Circulatory Cd concentration was increased and serum miR-30 was decreased in COPD patients. Circulatory Cd was inversely associated with pulmonary function in COPD patients. Moreover, serum miR-30 was gradually decreased in parallel with FEV1 in COPD patients. Meanwhile, there was a negative association between serum miR-30 and circulatory Cd in COPD patients. Further analysis found that E-cadherin, one of epithelial biomarkers, was reduced in lung tissues of COPD patients with higher circulatory Cd. On the contrary, pulmonary N-cadherin, Vimentin and α-SMA, three of mesenchymal biomarkers, were increased in COPD patients with higher circulatory Cd. In vitro experiments revealed that Cd exposure repressed miR-30 levels and promoted EMT in BEAS-2B cells. Our results provide evidence that miR-30 reduction contributing to pulmonary EMT may involve in the process of Cd-induced COPD.Cadmium (Cd) contamination has become serious in soil and in situ stabilization technology has been widely used for heavy metal remediation. A field study was conducted to determine the effect of amendments with the doses of 3 kg/m2, including single vermicompost (A1), a 95% vermicompost mixed with 5% shell powder composite (A2) and a 95% vermicompost mixed with 5% modified shell powder composite (A3), on the Cd bioavailability, enzyme activity and bacterial community in soil, and the experiment was conducted with lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in a Cd-contaminated farmland soil. The results showed that the application of amendments increased the pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter (OM), available nutrients, catalase (S-CAT), invertase (S-SC) and urease (S-UE) activities in soil, while significantly reduced the Cd bioavailability with the lowest Cd bioavailability being observed in the soil with A3 application. The soil bacterial richness and diversity increased after amendments application, and the bacterial community was characterized by an increase in metal-tolerant bacteria but a decrease in Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes. In addition, the application of amendments significantly improved the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and inhibited Cd accumulation in its edible parts, especially, the Cd content in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in soil with A3 application was below the limit of the National Food Safety Standard of China (maximum level ≤ 0.2 mg/kg). Thus, composite amendment obtained from vermicompost mixed with modified shell powder can be used as potential remediation material in Cd-contaminated soil. CAPSULE Composite amendment obtained from vermicompost and modified shell powder had good effects on remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.Decapitation and root cutting can influence plant physiological features, such as height, dry weight, and transpiration rate, which partly determine the success of phytoremediation. In this study, the effects of three root cutting intensities (10%, 25%, and 33%), decapitation, and their combination on the phytoremediation efficiency of Celosia argentea were evaluated. Decapitation increased the biomass yield of C. argentea roots and leaves and significantly improved the species' Cd decontamination ability. Root cutting, especially 33% cutting treatment, decreased the root dry weight. The 10% and 25% root cutting treatments increased the leaf biomass yield by 58.6% and 41.4%, respectively, compared with the untreated control, even compensating for the loss of roots, but 33% root cutting decreased the leaf dry weight. Low and moderate root cutting intensity (10% and 25%) increased the leaf Cd content by 33.4% and 24.9%, respectively, and was associated with improved transpiration rate. The highest root and leaf dry weights were observed for the combination of decapitation and 10% root cutting, which increased the biomass yield of underground and aerial parts by 109.9% and 286.2%, respectively. In addition, decapitation offset the negative effects of 33% root cutting on plant growth, indicated by the higher dry weight relative to the control. Decapitated C. argentea accumulated 11.0, 7.5, and 0.7 times more Cd with the 10%, 25%, and 33% root cutting treatments, respectively, compared with the control. The combination of root cutting and decapitation was a practicable and economical method of enhancing the Cd decontamination capacity of C. argentea.

This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the performance of PET-CT, CT, and MRI in diagnosing mandible invasion induced by head and neck cancer (HNC).

The MEDLINE, Embase, Science Direct, CNKI and CQVIP databases were searched from inception until August 1, 2020. Then, a meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the combined diagnostic values with the corresponding 95% CIs. Two independent researchers completed the full text screening, data abstraction, and risk assessment.

This meta-analysis included 53 studies (N=2 946 participants). For the pooled sensitivity (SEN), MRI (SEN 0.88, 95% CI 0.81-0.93) was found to have a significantly higher SEN (P=0.0045), when compared to CT (SEN 0.77, 95% CI 0.71-0.82), while compared with PET-CT (SEN 0.88, 95% CI 0.64-0.97), the SEN was approximately equal (P>0.05). The analysis revealed that the combined specificity (SPE) of MRI (SPE 0.83, 95% CI 0.74-0.89) and PET-CT (SPE 0.81, 95% CI 0.57-0.93) was lower than that of CT (SPE 0.87, 95% CI 0.