Daughertylindsey6610
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that is used for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Besides its careful close follow-up, toxicity affects nearly 1% of congestive heart failure patients. Cessation of the drug, appropriate electrolyte and rhythm control and digoxin-Fab antibody are the mainstay for toxicity treatment in these patients. As known, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective by the means of digoxin removal. We present a 66-year-old patient who admitted to hospital with digoxin toxicity and severe acute kidney injury. The patient was treated with continuous venovenous hemodialysis because of her hypervolemia, hyperkalemia, cardiac instability, and the thought of probable decrease in digoxin levels concerning the continuous nature of solute clearance. Without the treatment using digoxin-specific Fab antibodies, the patient's digoxin level was decreased successfully with continuous venovenous hemodialysis. In conclusion, continuous venovenous hemodialysis may be a treatment option in digoxin toxicity especially those who suffer from severe renal dysfunction and cannot access digoxin antidote.Retinoic acid (RA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, is one of the most important factors regulating spermatogenesis. RA activates downstream pathways through its receptors (retinoic acid receptor alpha [RARA], retinoic acid receptor beta, and retinoic acid receptor gamma [RARG]) and retinoid X receptors (retinoid X receptor alpha [RXRA], retinoid X receptor beta [RXRB], and retinoid X receptor gamma [RXRG]). These receptors may serve as therapeutic targets for infertile men. BAY 1000394 price However, the localization and expression of retinoid receptors in normal and infertile men were unknown. In this study, we found RARA and RARG were mostly localized in spermatocytes and round spermatids, RXRB was mainly expressed in Sertoli cells, and RXRG was expressed in most cell types in the fertile human testis. The localization of RARA, RARG, RXRB, and RXRG in men with hypospermatogenesis (HYPO) was similar to that of men with normal fertility. In addition, the messenger RNA expression levels of RARA, RARG, RXRA, RXRB, and RXRG were significantly decreased in men with Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) and maturational arrest (MA), but not in men with HYPO. These results suggest that reduced levels of RARA, RARG, RXRB, RXRA, and RXRG are more closely associated with SCOS and MA spermatogenetic failure. These results could contribute to the development of new molecular indicators of spermatogenic dysfunction and might provide novel therapeutic targets for treating male infertility.A novel low-symmetry organic molecular cage with distinctive geometry was successfully synthesized from 5,5'-(propane-2,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxyisophthalaldehyde) and 1,2-cyclohexanediamine building blocks, through the desymmetrized vertex design strategy. Single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis shows that the cage contains asymmetrical and nonplanar windows, exhibiting an unprecedented C2 symmetry and an efficient packing. The molecular cage structure was also characterized by FTIR, NMR, and MALDI-TOF. Quantum chemistry studies show that the cage structure contains rare intramolecular hydrogen-hydrogen (C-H⋅⋅⋅H-C) bonding interactions. The cage crystals exhibit high iodine vapor uptake (3.78 g g-1 ), which is among the highest for porous molecular materials. The knowledge gained in this study would open new possibilities for the design and synthesis of molecular cages with novel topologies targeting a broad range of applications.This study was aimed to explore the correlation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) K469E and megakaryoblastic leukaemia factor-1 (MKL-1) -184C/T polymorphisms with the susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Chinese Han population. 100 CHD patients and 91 healthy people that had no blood connection with each other were enrolled in this case-control study. ICAM-1 and MKL-1 polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the correlation between polymorphisms of ICAM-1 and MKL-1 and CHD susceptibility. Differences of genotype and allele frequencies of the two SNPs between case and control groups were analysed by chi-square test. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were indicated relative susceptibility of CHD. The distributions of ICAM-1 and MKL-1 polymorphisms in each group conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). After adjusting for traditional risk factors, the TT genotype frequency of MKL-1 -184C/T polymorphism was found significantly higher in case group than in control group (P less then .05). Meanwhile, T allele frequency increased in case group compared with control group, and the differences had statistical significance (P = .04, OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.34-5.26). Logistic regression analysis in this study proved that smoking, hypertension, diabetes and triglyceride (TG) were all risk factors for CHD ICAM-1 K469E polymorphism has no association with the onset of CHD. But MKL-1 -184C/T polymorphism is associated with the risk of CHD and T allele might be a susceptibility factor for CHD.
To determine whether planned caesarean section (CS) for a second delivery protects against anal incontinence in women with obstetric anal sphincter lesions.
Randomised trial.
Six maternity units in the Paris area.
Women at high risk of sphincter lesions (first delivery with third-degree laceration and/or forceps) but no symptomatic anal incontinence.
Endoanal ultrasound was performed in the third trimester of the second pregnancy. Women with sphincter lesions were randomised to planned CS or vaginal delivery (VD).
Anal incontinence at 6months postpartum. Secondary outcomes were urinary incontinence, sexual morbidity, maternal and neonatal morbidities and worsening of external sphincter lesions.
Anal sphincter lesions were detected by ultrasound in 264/434 women enrolled (60.8%); 112 were randomised to planned VD and 110 to planned CS. At 6-8weeks after delivery, there was no significant difference in anal continence between the two groups. At 6months after delivery, median Vaizey scores of anal incontinence were 1 (interquartile range 0-4) in the CS group and 1 (interquartile range 0-3) in the VD group (P=0.
