Kirklandmcdaniel7570

01). Greater activation in this region bilaterally correlated with higher PTH (k=96, p less then 0.01). Post-PTX, activation decreased during matrix reasoning, but in different regions than those affected pre-PTX. CONCLUSIONS PHPT is associated with differences in task-related neural activation patterns, but no difference in cognitive performance. While this may indicate compensation to maintain the same cognitive function, there was no clear improvement in neural activation after PTX. Larger, longitudinal studies that include PHPT patients followed without surgery are needed to determine if PTX could prevent worsening of altered neural activation patterns in PHPT.OBJECTIVE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is generally considered to lower serum testosterone concentration in men, although data supporting this as a direct effect are limited. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the presence and severity of OSA and testosterone in a community-based cohort of men aged over 40 years. DESIGN AND METHODS Anthropometry, polysomnography and biomedical information were collected from enrolled, consenting men from the prospective, longitudinal MAILES study cohort. Fasting morning blood samples (n=1869) were drawn between 2010 and 2012 for measurement of testosterone using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Home polysomnography was completed in 861 men between 2010 and 2012. The final analysis sample consisted of 623 men aged 41-86 years. The effect of OSA on testosterone were analyzed using linear regression models controlling for potential confounders (age, body mass index (BMI) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)). RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) cohort characteristics were age 59.0 (10.2) years, testosterone 16.8 (5.3) nmol/L, SHBG 32.9 (13.1) nmol/L, BMI 28.6 (4.2) kg/m2, apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI) 14.9 (13.7). OSA was present in 51.5%. There was an inverse relationship between AHI and testosterone (p 0.01), which was lost after covariate adjustment. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that obesity, rather than OSA per se, determine testosterone concentration. This accords with the graded effect of weight loss, but limited effect of continuous positive airway pressure to increase testosterone and highlights the importance of managing obesity in men with low testosterone concentration, particularly in the context of OSA.OBJECTIVE Pubertal timing is highly heritable. Observational studies were inconclusive concerning a potential sex-specific difference in the parental contribution while genome-wide association studies highlighted a heterogeneity in the genetic architecture of pubertal timing between sexes. Our objectives were to evaluate the association of timing of pubertal milestones in offspring with parental pubertal timing and to identify the genetic basis of the heterogeneity. DESIGN 1) Population-based mixed cross-sectional/longitudinal cohort (2006-2014, COPENHAGEN Puberty Study) comprising 1381 healthy Danish children including their parents. 2) UK Biobank-based summary statistics of genetic data on timing of menarche (n=188,644), voice-break (n=154,459) and facial hair (n=161,470). METHODS 1) Participants underwent clinical examination(s) including blood sampling. Parental pubertal timing was obtained by questionnaire. Timing of milestones were analyzed using SAS-lifereg. this website 2) Genetic correlations between pubertal outcomes were estimated using LD Score regression. Genetic heterogeneity was analyzed using METAL. RESULTS We observed significant associations of relative parental pubertal timing with timing of pubertal milestones in offspring of concordant sex, i.e. fathers/sons (e.g. testicular enlargement p=0.004, β=0.34yrs per relative category) and mothers/daughters (e.g. thelarche p less then 0.001, β=0.45yrs per relative category). Fewer milestones were associated with relative parental pubertal timing in offspring of discordant sex compared to concordant sex. Large-scale genetic data highlights both moderate to strong genetic correlations between timing of menarche, voice-break and facial hair. Out of 434 lead single-nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with at least one outcome, 39 exhibited a significant genetic heterogeneity between sexes (p less then 1.15x10-4). CONCLUSION Our results highlight a distinct genetic heterogeneity of pubertal timing between sexes.Biogenic amines (BA) are a broad group of biologically active substances, the presence of which in the human body can provide important diagnostic information for many various pathologies, including chronic inflammation. In this work, a capillary electrophoresis (CE) hyphenated with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of twelve BA (histamine, serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, spermidine, tyramine, tryptamine, phenylethylamine) in human urine as potential biomarkers of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The electrophoretic separations were carried out in an uncoated fused silica capillary (I.D. 50 μm) using 50 mM formic acid (pH 2.0) as a background electrolyte. A reliable identification of the analytes was based on the combination of time resolution in CE and mass resolution in triple quadrupole MS/MS. The total analysis time of the proposed CEMS/MS method was less than 10 min with the limits of detection in the range of 4.47-144 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day accuracy ranged in the intervals 89.75-109.4% and 89.99-110.2%, respectively, with the RSD values for the intra- and inter-day precision lower than 14 and 13 %, respectively. The recovery values for the samples spiked at three concentration levels ranged from 81.73-105.6% with a precision not exceeding 9.9 %. The favorable performance parameters of the CEMS/MS method highlighted its usefulness for routine clinical applications. In this work, the CEMS/MS method was applied, for the first time, to the analytical profiling of the BA in clinical human samples. The obtained results showed a statistically significant decrease of serotonin and norepinephrine, and an increase of histamine and spermidine, in the studied group of IBD patients when compared with the control group. These findings could be utilized in studying and clarifying the mechanisms of IBD or relevant therapy.