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Among patients not tested for ROS1, 63% were tested for other biomarkers. Use of next-generation sequencing, older age, Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, squamous histology, de novo disease, and smoking history predicted longer time to test result post-diagnosis. Patients with delayed results were 9.7 times more likely to receive treatment prior to ROS1 test result.

In real-world practice, some patient subgroups may be less likely to receive timely ROS1 testing and to be identified for potential targeted therapy.

In real-world practice, some patient subgroups may be less likely to receive timely ROS1 testing and to be identified for potential targeted therapy.

Immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) has been associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical features underlying differential responses of patients with LUADs to immunotherapy are not well understood. Here, we analyzed the association between LUAD immune infiltration and clinicopathologic variables.

Intratumoral CD3, CD8, and CD68 cell densities (tumor-associated immune cells [TAICs]) were immunohistochemically assessed in 146 surgically resected LUADs. LUADs were classified into 2 groups, low and high TAICs, based on the median values of cell densities for CD3, CD8, and CD68. Somatic mutation burden and driver gene mutation status were analyzed in a subset of the cases (n= 92). We statistically analyzed the association between the TAIC groups and various clinicopathologic and molecular variables by using the χ

/Fisher and Wilcoxon sum tests and multivariable logistic regression models.

Patient gender, tumor size, and STK11 mutations were significantly associated with TAIC levels in LUAD. Female patients exhibited significantly elevated TAIC levels (P= .005) compared with male patients. Tumor size was inversely associated with TAIC levels (P= .012). CH-223191 research buy STK11 mutated tumors were associated with lower TAICs (P= .008). Higher TAICs were consistently observed in female patients with LUADs after adjusting for stage, tumor size, and age. Multivariable regression models confirmed female gender as an independent variable associated with TAIC levels in LUAD (P= .0141).

Immune infiltration in LUADs was significantly higher in female patients, warranting further exploration into the association between this clinical variable and immunotherapeutic response in LUAD.

Immune infiltration in LUADs was significantly higher in female patients, warranting further exploration into the association between this clinical variable and immunotherapeutic response in LUAD.

Laboratory and animal studies suggest an inverse association between chocolate consumption and the risk of cancer. Epidemiological studies have yielded inconsistent evidence.

To assess the association of chocolate candy consumption with incident, invasive total, breast, colorectal, and lung cancers in a large cohort of postmenopausal American women.

Prospective cohort study with a mean 14.8-year follow-up. Chocolate candy intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Invasive cancer events were assessed by physician adjudication.

The Women's Health Initiative Study enrolled 161,808 postmenopausal women at 40 clinical centers nationwide between 1993 and 1998. Of these women, 114,281 with plausible food frequency or biometric data and no missing data on chocolate candy exposure were selected for analysis.

Cancer risk in quartiles of chocolate candy consumption with the first quartile as referent.

Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

wk. These results require confirmation.

In the Women's Health Initiative, there was no significant association between chocolate candy consumption and invasive total or breast cancer. There was a modest 18% higher risk of invasive colorectal cancer for women who ate chocolate candy at least 1.5 times/wk. These results require confirmation.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a hyperglycemic emergency that presents commonly to the emergency department. Severe DKA has the potential for significant morbidity and mortality if not recognized early and treated appropriately. It is incumbent on the emergency clinician to be vigilant in the management of these critically ill patients.

This narrative review evaluates the emergency medicine management of the adult patient with severe DKA.

DKA is a condition found most commonly in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, often due to nonadherence with diabetic medications or an inciting event, such as infection or ischemia. The severity of DKA is classified based on the level of acidosis present rather than absolute glucose level. The management of severe DKA involves assessing and treating the inciting event, fluid hydration, insulin, and potassium repletion. Close monitoring is necessary to prevent the complications that can occur.

DKA is a medical condition that has the potential for significant morbidity and mortality if not recognized and managed appropriately.

DKA is a medical condition that has the potential for significant morbidity and mortality if not recognized and managed appropriately.

Mobile mammography units provide preventive health care to patients facing barriers to annual screening. This study reviews the outcomes of a mobile mammography service during a recent 5-year period.

This retrospective study analyzed the examinations by mobile mammography during a 5-year period (9327 examinations). The patients recalled, biopsies performed, and cancers detected were tallied. The race, age, breast cancer size, lymph node involvement, and metastases were recorded. The positive predictive value (PPV) and cancer detection rate metrics were calculated as outlined by the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Atlas.

The program identified cancer in 14 cases (cancer detection rate = 1.5 per 1000 examinations [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9-2.5]) with 11 being invasive. The majority of these cancers were small and of low stage. Lymph node status was determined in 11 of the 14 cases (1 as N1mi, 5 as N0, 4 as N1,1 as N2a). Abnormalities led to 1686 examinations recalled (Recall Rate = 17.