Bidstruphu8585

.

There is a wide variety of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), even in asymptomatic individuals. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and can be considered as a predictor of cardiovascular risk (CVR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CIMT-determined vascular age (VA), CVR scores, and thyroid function in asymptomatic patients with T2DM.

Clinical laboratory and CIMT parameters were measured in 154 asymptomatic patients with T2DM. The Framingham risk score (FRS) was performed with chronological age (CA) and with VA. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze variables related to CVR reclassification.

The use of CIMT-determined VA led to the reclassification of 54 (35.52%) out of 152 asymptomatic T2DM patients, being 20 (37.03%) to a lower categorical risk and 34 (62.96%) to a higher categorical risk according to FRS. The variables that were associated to reclassification to a higher categerform CIMT measure is currently more accessible, especially in a low-middle income country like Brazil. However, further prospective studies must be performed to establish the predictive values of CIMT on atherosclerosis and how thyroid function acts like cardiovascular risk marker on CVR scores.

Diabetes can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to explore the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on high glucose (HG)-induced dysfunction and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells.

The viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with different concentrations and times of EGCG was detected by CCK-8 assay. The expression levels of ROS, NO and BH4 in HUVECs after treatment were detected by respective ELISA kits. The expression of p-eNOS, eNOS, NOX4, bcl2, bax, cleaved-caspase3, caspase3, p-PI3K, p-AKT, PI3K and AKT in HUVECs was detected by Western blot analysis. The apoptosis of HUVECs after treatment was analyzed by TUNEL assay.

The viability of HUVECs was not obviously changed when treated with different concentrations and times of EGCG. The expression of ROS, NOX4 and eNOS (monomer) was increased, while the expression of NO, p-eNOS, eNOS, BH4 and eNOS (dimer) was decreased in HUVECs of HG group. EGCG could gradually reverse the effect of high glucose on HG-treated HUVECs from 10 μM to 50 μM. The apoptosis of HUVECs was also increased in HG group and EGCG decreased the apoptosis of HUVECs. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was suppressed in HG-treated HUVECs while activated by EGCG treatment. When the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was inhibited by LY294002 (AKT inhibitor), the protective effect of EGCG on HG-treated HUVECs was weakened.

EGCG could inhibit eNOS uncoupling and alleviate endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis of HG-treated HUVECs by activating the PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway.

EGCG could inhibit eNOS uncoupling and alleviate endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis of HG-treated HUVECs by activating the PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway.

Currently available markers for early detection of diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end stage renal disease, have some limitations. There is insufficient evidence from previous studies about the role of several circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the early development of DN. This study aimed to describe the expression of miRNA-377, miRNA-93, miRNA-25, miRNA-216a, and miRNA-21 in a sample of type 1 diabetic children and adolescents to explore their association with DN and some indices of kidney injury.

Seventy type 1 diabetic patients, with 5 years' duration of diabetes or more, were recruited from Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of the above mentioned miRNAs in serum and to assess its association with DN, and the studied risk factors.

There was a significantly higher percentage of up-regulation of miRNA-377 and miRNA-93 (

=0.03, 0.02, respectively) in addition to signif while miRNA-25 may have a reno-protective role. More studies are needed to document the value of these miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets in DN.

It has been reported that lncRNA MEG8 can be induced by glucose in mice model of kidney injury, indicating its role in diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study was carried out to explore the role of MEG8 in DN.

The expression of MEG8 and miR-770-5p in plasma samples from DN patients (n = 66), diabetic patients (DM patients with no complications, n = 66) and healthy controls (n = 66) was detected by RT-qPCR. The interaction between MEG8 and miR-770-5p in podocyte cells was evaluated by transient transfections. Cell apoptosis under high-glucose treatment was detected by cell apoptosis assay.

MEG8 and miR-770-5p were upregulated in plasma of DM patients and were further upregulated in DN patients. MEG8 was positively correlated with miR-770-5p. In podocyte cells, high-glucose treatment resulted in increased expression levels of MEG8 and miR-770-5p. In podocyte cells, overexpression of MEG8 resulted in upregulated expression of miR-770-5p and decreased methylation of the miR-770-5p gene. Cell apoptosis analysis showed that overexpression of MEG8 and miR-770-5p resulted in increased cell apoptotic rate under glucose treatment. In addition, combined overexpression of MEG8 and miR-770-5p showed stronger effects.

MEG8 may upregulate miR-770-5p through methylation to promote DN by promoting cell apoptosis.

MEG8 may upregulate miR-770-5p through methylation to promote DN by promoting cell apoptosis.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the pancreatic β-cells dysfunction and their implications in the glucose dysmetabolism of overweight and obese nondiabetic young adults.

The cross-sectional analysis included 422 subjects (261 males/161 females) with the mean age of 27.77 ± 7.51 years and average body mass index (BMI) of 34.84 ± 5.69 kg/m

. All subjects underwent polysomnography (PSG), oral glucose tolerance-insulin releasing test (OGTT-IRT) and serum glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c) measurement. The glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell function in relation to measures of OSA were determined adjustment for important confounders such as age and sex.

OSA subjects accounted for 54.91% in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group and 72.11% in the prediabetes (preDM) group (

=0.001). HbA1c was the highest in the preDM subjects with severe OSA. ABT-199 ic50 In the NGT subjects, the 1-h glucose level significantly elevated with the OSA severity, and the homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β) was negatively related to nocturnal mean SpO

(

<0.