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Leptin level was negatively associated with ponasteroside A and barringtogenol C levels. Leptin level was positively correlated with adiponectin and negatively with total calorie intake and levels of triglyceride and very-low-density lipoprotein. Leptin levels were associated with lipid and sex hormone metabolism in women, while metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism were correlated to leptin in men.
Our study indicates that leptin level reflects metabolome alterations and hence could be a useful marker to detect early changes in energy and hormone metabolisms.
Our study indicates that leptin level reflects metabolome alterations and hence could be a useful marker to detect early changes in energy and hormone metabolisms.
To summarize recent insights into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in atherosclerosis. Because atherosclerosis is the main underlying pathology of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the world's deadliest disease, finding novel therapeutic strategies is of high interest.
LncRNAs can bind to proteins, DNA, and RNA regulating disease initiation and plaque growth as well as plaque stability in different cell types such as endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and macrophages. A number of lncRNAs have been implicated in cholesterol homeostasis and foam cell formation such as LASER, LeXis, and CHROME. Among others, MANTIS, lncRNA-CCL2, and MALAT1 were shown to be involved in vascular inflammation. Further regulations include, but are not limited to, DNA damage response in ECs, phenotypic switch of VSMCs, and various cell death mechanisms. Interestingly, some lncRNAs are closely correlated with response to statin treatment, such as NEXN-AS1 or LASER. Additionally, some lncRNAs may ser to statin treatment, such as NEXN-AS1 or LASER. Additionally, some lncRNAs may serve as CVD biomarkers. LncRNAs are a potential novel therapeutic target to treat CVD, but research of lncRNA in atherosclerosis is still in its infancy. read more With increasing knowledge of the complex and diverse regulations of lncRNAs in the heterogeneous environment of atherosclerotic plaques, lncRNAs hold promise for their clinical translation in the near future.While parental psychological distress is a commonly examined risk factor in the development and maintenance of child's emotional and behavioral problems, there is an incomplete understanding of the unique contribution of the father. The current study examines whether paternal psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and anger) exacerbates child's internalizing and externalizing behaviors, as well as whether a child's internalizing and externalizing behaviors exacerbate paternal psychological distress. The National Institute of Child and Human Development (NICHD)'s Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) longitudinal dataset was utilized. A bivariate latent difference score model was applied to examine the interdependence of each member within the dyad. This novel statistical technique allowed for the examination of the influence of psychological distress in the father-child dyad across 10 years. Results indicated that paternal anger is a risk factor associated with the development and maintenance of internalizing and externalizing behaviors in children. Likewise, children's behavioral problems served as a contributing factor to paternal anger and anxiety. Results were nonsignificant for the effect of depression on change in internalizing and externalizing problems. The initial levels correlated with each other, but one did not affect the change in the other. Overall, the results have clinical implications, as they can be applied to the creation or modification of intervention plans by shifting the focus from the primary outcome being a decrease in child problem behavior to an overall reduction of psychological distress in the family unit.
Risk assessment is the foundational cornerstone for cardiovascular prevention. The goal of this review is to apprise the reader of the latest evidence and guideline-based stepwise method for clinical risk assessment for future atherosclerotic events. We also discuss caveats to the current approach and review future directions including the promise of precision medicine.
The most recent cholesterol and prevention guidelines improve upon the widely used pooled cohort equations by incorporating risk-enhancing factors to further personalize risk assessment. For those in whom uncertainty remains, there is mounting evidence for using the coronary calcium score to uncover subclinical disease to either up- or down-classify risk. Although still in its infancy, progress in high-throughput molecular analysis is edging the field closer to more precise risk stratification. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Emphasis on cardiovascular prevention is essential to mitigate the burden orogress in high-throughput molecular analysis is edging the field closer to more precise risk stratification. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Emphasis on cardiovascular prevention is essential to mitigate the burden of disease. Here, we introduce a "4 + 2" paradigm for approaching preventive cardiology based on recent guidelines. Risk stratification is performed in four steps qualitative risk approximation to initiate counseling and education, quantitative risk estimation based on a validated model, personalization with risk-enhancing factors, and measurement of coronary artery calcium score in select patients. The two foundational principles of preventive management are to promote a healthy lifestyle in all and to escalate preventive pharmacotherapy based on increasing risk. Shared decision-making remains central throughout this process.
PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is an established modality for the evaluation of ischemic heart disease and quantitation of myocardial blood flow (MBF). New F-18-labelled radiopharmaceuticals have been recently developed to overcome some of the limitations of currently used tracers such as the need of an on-site cyclotron. The characteristics of the new tracers and the clinical results obtained so far will be reviewed.
Most of the interest in the field of
F-labelled radiotracers for PET MPI has been concentrated on MC-1 inhibitors, the prototype of which is
F-flurpiridaz. It was shown in experimental and clinical reports that these radiotracers allow good quality rest/stress MPI studies and a reliable quantitation of MBF. Recent evidence suggests that PET MPI with
F-flurpiridaz may provide a superior diagnostic accuracy for obstructive CAD even if a large comparative clinical trial with SPECT is still ongoing.
Most of the interest in the field of 18F-labelled radiotracers for PET MPI has been concentrated on MC-1 inhibitors, the prototype of which is 18F-flurpiridaz.
