Bidstruppace3289

BACKGROUND Pegfilgrastim is available as a prefilled syringe (PFS) and an on-body injector (OBI). Whether the administration method of pegfilgrastim affects the effectiveness and health care resources has not been evaluated in the setting of routine care. OBJECTIVE To compare real-world clinical and economic outcomes between PFS and OBI methods of administration. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study in patients diagnosed with breast cancer or non-Hodgkin lymphoma who received myelosuppressive chemotherapy and prophylactic use of pegfilgrastim via PFS or OBI between January 1, 2017, and May 31, 2018, according to MarketScan research databases. A propensity score was used to match the PFS cohort 11 to the OBI cohort. Outcomes were compared among the matched cohorts using a generalized linear model and generalized estimating equations with log-link function. RESULTS 3,152 patients were identified. After matching, the final sample included 2,170 patients, representing 1,085 in each cohort. The incby Sandoz, Inc. Wang, Li, and K. GSK3 inhibitor Campbell are employees of Sandoz, Inc. Schroader and D. Campbell are employees of Xcenda, which was contracted by Sandoz, Inc., to provide study and manuscript development. McBride reports receiving payment from Sandoz, Inc., as a consultant, unrelated to this study; Coherus for advisory board and speaker engagements; and Pfizer for advisory board participation during the time of this study.Case Summary While multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity declines during pregnancy, there are situations where MS relapses in pregnant women do occur. Mild relapses may be managed with close observation, but severe refractory relapses may require more aggressive management. We describe two cases of rituximab used for severe, refractory multiple sclerosis relapses during pregnancy. Rituximab did not appear to complicate either pregnancy and there were no further relapses for either women. Rituximab should not be overlooked in rare refractory cases, such as the rebound relapses sometimes seen following the discontinuation of lymphocyte-sequestering disease-modifying therapies.Aim Late-gestational sleep fragmentation (LG-SF) and intermittent hypoxia (LG-IH), two hallmarks of obstructive sleep apnea, lead to metabolic dysfunction in the offspring. We investigated specific biological processes that are epigenetically regulated by LG-SF and LG-IH. Materials & methods We analyzed DNA methylation profiles in offspring visceral white adipose tissues by MeDIP-chip followed by pathway analysis. Results We detected 1187 differentially methylated loci (p less then 0.01) between LG-SF and LG-IH. Epigenetically regulated genes in LG-SF offspring were associated with lipid and glucose metabolism, whereas those in LG-IH were related to inflammatory signaling and cell proliferation. Conclusion While LG-SF and LG-IH will result in equivalent phenotypic alterations in offspring, each paradigm appears to operate through epigenetic regulation of different biological processes.Purpose To develop a deep learning model to delineate the transition zone (TZ) and peripheral zone (PZ) of the prostate on MR images. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was composed of patients who underwent a multiparametric prostate MRI and an MRI/transrectal US fusion biopsy between January 2013 and May 2016. A board-certified abdominal radiologist manually segmented the prostate, TZ, and PZ on the entire data set. Included accessions were split into 60% training, 20% validation, and 20% test data sets for model development. Three convolutional neural networks with a U-Net architecture were trained for automatic recognition of the prostate organ, TZ, and PZ. Model performance for segmentation was assessed using Dice scores and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results A total of 242 patients were included (242 MR images; 6292 total images). Models for prostate organ segmentation, TZ segmentation, and PZ segmentation were trained and validated. Using the test data set, for prostate organ segmentation, the mean Dice score was 0.940 (interquartile range, 0.930-0.961), and the Pearson correlation coefficient for volume was 0.981 (95% CI 0.966, 0.989). For TZ segmentation, the mean Dice score was 0.910 (interquartile range, 0.894-0.938), and the Pearson correlation coefficient for volume was 0.992 (95% CI 0.985, 0.995). For PZ segmentation, the mean Dice score was 0.774 (interquartile range, 0.727-0.832), and the Pearson correlation coefficient for volume was 0.927 (95% CI 0.870, 0.957). Conclusion Deep learning with an architecture composed of three U-Nets can accurately segment the prostate, TZ, and PZ. Keywords MRI, Genital/Reproductive, Prostate, Neural Networks Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2021.Self-harming behaviours in children and young people are an alarming reality, with provision of effective treatment historically compromised. The present systematic literature review highlights attitudes displayed by healthcare professionals towards this health problem, providing valuable insight by analysing how these attitudes can impact patient care. Ten studies were included, allowing creation of a narrative synthesis of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods evidence. Six themes emerged negativity, positivity, worry or fear, the emotional impact of working with these patients, professional roles and ward-dependent concerns. Overall, professional negativity towards this patient group, in the form of apprehensiveness, was accentuated by fear of worsening their symptoms. The attitude aforementioned impacts on treatment by hindering creation of meaningful therapeutic relationships. Educational opportunities that increase healthcare professionals' knowledge of self-harm have the potential to provide invaluable power by promoting positive attitudes.This corrects the article DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.033602.We present acoustic signatures of the electric quadrupolar degrees of freedom in the honeycomb-layer compound UNi_4B. The transverse ultrasonic mode C_66 shows softening below 30 K both in the paramagnetic phase and antiferromagnetic phases down to ∼0.33  K. Furthermore, we traced magnetic field-temperature phase diagrams up to 30 T and observed a highly anisotropic elastic response within the honeycomb layer. These observations strongly suggest that Γ_6(E_2g) electric quadrupolar degrees of freedom in localized 5f^2 (J=4) states are playing an important role in the magnetic toroidal dipole order and magnetic-field-induced phases of UNi_4B, and evidence some of the U ions remain in the paramagnetic state even if the system undergoes magnetic toroidal ordering.