Nolanellis3692

Objective Neck circumference (NC) is considered to be an alternative screening method for obesity. The aims of this investigation were (1) to examine the correlation between BMI and NC and (2) to determine diagnostic performance, the best cut-off points of NC for identification of overweight and obese Pakistani children. Methods We studied a sample of 7921 children aged 5-14 years by a cross-sectional survey carried-out in four major cities of Pakistan. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to see the diagnostics performance of NC and to determine the optimal cut-off points for identifying children with overweight and obesity. Results The mean of each anthropometric variable (i.e., height, weight, BMI and NC) increased with age in both sexes. In the overall sample studied, NC also had a good positive correlation (r=0.61, p less then 0.01) with BMI. NC optimal cut-off points for identifying overweight and obesity in Pakistani boys ranged between 25.00 to 30.35 cm and the corresponding values for the girls were 24.00 to 31.62 cm. In the prepubertal period, NC cut-off points indicative overweight, in both boys and girls were 26.36 cm and 25.27 cm, respectively; the corresponding values for obesity were 26.78 cm and 25.02 cm. The cut-off values of 28.32cm and 28.57cm for overweight and obesity; were reported in boys and 28.70 cm and 28.82 cm in girls at puberty stage. Conclusion NC could potentially be used as a simple and widely-acceptable indicator in clinical settings for identification of overweight and obesity with a reasonable accuracy in children.Objective SHOX gene is one of the genetic causes of short stature and the clinical phenotype includes variable degrees of growth impairment such as Langer mesomelic dysplasia, Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis or idiopathic short stature. In this study, we aimed to describe the clinical features and molecular results of SHOX deficiency in a group of Turkish patients who had skeletal findings with/without short stature. Methods Fourty-six patients with idiopathic short stature, disproportionate short stature or skeletal findings without short stature from 35 different families were included in the study. SHOX gene analysis was performed using Sanger sequencing and MLPA analysis. Results We detected three different point mutations (two nonsense, one frameshift) and one whole SHOX gene deletion in 15 patients from 4 different families. While 4 of 15 patients had Langer mesomelic dysplasia, the remaining patients had clinical features compatible with Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis. Madelung's deformity, cubitus valgus, muscular hypertrophy and short forearm were the most common phenotypic features as well as short stature. Additionally, hearing loss was also detected in 2 patients with Langer mesomelic dysplasia. Conclusion In this study, we presented the clinical spectrum and molecular findings of 15 patients with SHOX gene mutations or deletions. SHOX deficiency should be especially considered in patients who have disproportionate short stature or forearm anomalies with/without short stature. Although most of the patients had a partial or whole gene deletions, SHOX gene sequencing should be performed in suspected cases. Furthermore, conductive hearing loss may rarely accompany these clinical manifestations.Recently, the number of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases has increased remarkably in South Korea, so the triage clinics and emergency departments (ED) are expected to be overcrowded with patients with presumed infection. As of March 21st, there was a total of 8,799 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 102 related deaths in South Korea that was one of the top countries with high incidence rates [1]. This sharp increase in infection is associated with 1) outbreaks in individual provinces, 2) deployment of rapid and aggressive screening tests, 3) dedicated healthcare staffs for virus screening tests, 4) quarantine inspection data transparency and accurate data reporting, and 5) public health lessons from previous Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreaks. This commentary introduces innovative screening tests that are currently used in South Korea for COVID-19, e.g., Drive-Through and Walk-Through tests, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of both methods.Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is commonly known for its vital role in DNA damage response and repair. However, its enzymatic activity has been linked to a plethora of physiological and pathophysiological transactions ranging from cellular proliferation, survival and death. For instance, malignancies with BRCA1/2 mutations heavily rely on PARP activity for survival. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/srt2104-gsk2245840.html Thus, the use of PARP inhibitors is a well-established intervention in these types of tumors. However, recent studies indicate that the therapeutic potential of attenuating PARP1 activity in recalcitrant tumors, especially where PARP1 is aberrantly overexpressed and hyperactivated, may extend its therapeutic utility in wider cancer types beyond BRCA-deficiency. Here, we discuss treatment strategies to expand the tumor-selective therapeutic application of PARP inhibitors and novel approaches with predictive biomarkers to perturb NAD+ levels and hyperPARylation that inactivate PARP in recalcitrant tumors. We also provide an overview of genetic alterations that transform non-BRCA mutant cancers to a state of "BRCAness" as potential biomarkers for synthetic lethality with PARP inhibitors. Finally, we discuss a paradigm shift for the use of novel PARP inhibitors outside of cancer treatment, where it has the potential to rescue normal cells from severe oxidative damage during ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by surgery and radiotherapy.The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the adjacent light-sensitive photoreceptors form a single functional unit lining the back of the eye. Both cell layers are essential for normal vision. RPE degeneration is usually followed by photoreceptor degeneration and vice versa. There are currently almost no effective therapies available for RPE disorders such as Stargardt disease, specific types of retinitis pigmentosa, and age-related macular degeneration. RPE replacement for these disorders, especially in later stages of the disease, may be one of the most promising future therapies. There is, however, no consensus regarding the optimal RPE source, delivery strategy, or the optimal experimental host in which to test RPE replacement therapy. Multiple RPE sources, delivery methods, and recipient animal models have been investigated, with variable results. So far, a systematic evaluation of the (variables influencing) efficacy of experimental RPE replacement parameters is lacking. Here we investigate the effect of RPE transplantation on vision and vision-based behavior in animal models of retinal degenerated diseases.