Aagaardvick5349

26) or academic records (all Ps ≥ .05, d = -0.28 to 0.16). Classroom observations revealed that intervention participants were off-task due to moving at twice the rate of comparative classmates (F = 15.74, P less then .001) and were off-task due to talking 33% more often (F = 1.39, P = .257). Conclusion Academic outcome improvements were small within and between groups and did not sustain at follow-up. Academic benefits of after-school PA programs for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or disruptive behavior disorders were smaller than neurobiological, behavioral, and cognitive outcomes as previously reported.Background Skeletal muscle is overlooked in the realm of insulin resistance in children who are overweight and obese despite the fact that it accounts for the most glucose disposal. Objectives Therefore, this study examined fasted glucose levels and muscle cross-sectional area and echo intensity (EI) via ultrasound images of the first dorsal interosseous, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris in children who are normal weight and overweight and obese aged 8-10 years. Methods In total, 13 males (age = 9.0 [0.7] y) and 7 females (age = 9.0 [0.8] y) volunteered for this study. Independent samples t tests and effect sizes (ESs) were used to examine potential differences in skeletal muscle composition and glucose concentrations. Results There were no significant differences between groups for glucose concentration (P = .07, ES = 0.86); however, the children who were overweight and obese had significantly greater EI (P less then .01, ES = 0.98-1.63) for the first dorsal interosseous, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris and lower cross-sectional area when normalized to EI when collapsed across muscles (P less then .04, ES = 0.92). Glucose concentrations correlated with EI and cross-sectional area/EI for the vastus lateralis (r = .514 to -.593) and rectus femoris (r = .551 to -.513), but not the first dorsal interosseous. Discussion There is evidence that adiposity-related pathways leading to insulin resistance and skeletal muscle degradation are active in young children who are overweight and obese.The COVID-19 pandemic has required rapid transformation and adaptation of healthcare services. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are one of the largest high-risk groups accessing antenatal care. In reformulating the care offered to those with GDM, there is a need to balance the sometimes competing requirement of lowering the risk of direct viral transmission against the potential adverse impact of service changes. We suggest pragmatic options for screening of GDM in a pandemic setting based on blood tests, and risk calculators applied to underlying risk factors. Alternative models for antenatal care provision for women with GDM, including targeting high-risk groups, early lifestyle interventions and remote monitoring are provided. Testing options and their timing for postpartum screening in women who had GDM are also considered. Our suggestions are only applicable in a pandemic scenario, and usual guidelines and care pathways should be re-implemented as soon as possible and appropriate.Objective Long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) negatively influences bone. The short-term effects on bone and mineral homeostasis are less known. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the early effects of ADT on calcium/phosphate homeostasis and bone turnover. Design Prospective cohort study. Methods Eugonadal adult, male sex offenders, who were referred for ADT to the endocrine outpatient clinic, received cyproterone acetate. Changes in blood markers of calcium/phosphate homeostasis and bone turnover between baseline and first follow-up visit were studied. Results Of 26 screened patients, 17 were included. The median age was 44 (range 20-75) years. The median time interval between baseline and first follow-up was 13 (6-27) weeks. Compared to baseline, an 81% decrease was observed for median total testosterone (to 3.4 nmol/L (0.4-12.2); P less then 0.0001) and free testosterone (to 0.06 nmol/L (0.01-0.18); P less then 0.0001). Median total estradiol decreased by 71% (to 17.6 pmol/L (4.7-35.6); P less then 0.0001). Increased serum calcium (P less then 0.0001) and phosphate (P = 0.0016) was observed, paralleled by decreased PTH (P = 0.0156) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (P = 0.0134). The stable calcium isotope ratio (δ44/42Ca) decreased (P = 0.0458), indicating net calcium loss from bone. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin decreased (P less then 0.0001 and P = 0.0056, respectively), periostin tended to decrease (P = 0.0500), whereas sclerostin increased (P less then 0.0001), indicating suppressed bone formation. Serum bone resorption markers (TRAP, CTX) were unaltered. Conclusions In adult men, calcium release from the skeleton occurs early following sex steroid deprivation, reflecting early bone resorption. The increase of sclerostin and reduction of bone formation markers, without changes in resorption markers, suggests a dominant negative effect on bone formation in the acute phase.Purpose We sought to determine the predictors of restoration of heart transplantation (HTx) candidacy in patients with systolic heart failure (HF) and reactive fixed pulmonary hypertension (RFPH) defined as pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) > 2.5 Wood units (WU), transpulmonary gradient (TPG) > 12 mmHg or ≤2.5 WU with systolic arterial pressure ≤85 mmHg during vasoreactivity test, following sildenafil therapy. Material and methods Between 2007 and 2018 1136 patients were evaluated at our department as candidates for HTx. Thirty-five of them, who presented with systolic HF and were not eligible for HTx due to RFPH, were included in the study (31 men aged 55.1 ± 7.4 years). In all the patients sildenafil was introduced and up-titrated to a maximal tolerated dose in addition to optimal medical therapy. Patients were assessed at 3-6 months intervals. Results During median 11 months (interquartile range 6-18 months) reduction of RFPH enabling qualification for HTx was observed in 62.9% patients. Navitoclax mouse Higher baseline PVR (OR 0.