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The effect of the pregnant mother's nutrition and the effect of the baby's nutrition during the first-year on the development of allergy and atopic disease in the baby have been studied extensively in recent years. Key recommendations for healthcare bodies in Europe and the United States include • Allergy prevention in at-risk infants (parent or sibling with allergy) Currently, there is a consensus of healthcare organizations around the world that the recommended exclusive breastfeeding duration is the first 6 months of life for the overall health benefit of the baby. Allergy prevention in non-breastfed infants at risk There are studies showing that fully hydrolyzed formula can reduce the risk of allergic reactions, especially atopic dermatitis, in high-risk non-breastfed babies. Some recommendations for high-risk non-breastfed infants support feeding up to 4 to 6 months with hydrolyzed formulas. Further research is needed on this subject. Soy formulas failed to prevent allergy in high-risk infants. • In cafrom recent years as clinical recommendations have changed over the past few decades.

Rehabilitating hearing loss is highly important due to its positive impact on the ability to understand speech, and the related consequences on family, social and work communication abilities. Children with hearing loss have learning difficulties that adversely affect speech and language acquirement. NVP-LAQ824 Most patients with hearing loss can use conventional hearing aids that are partially or completely placed in the external ear canal. Middle ear implants are used when conventional hearing aids are not suitable due to medical reasons, mainly diseases of the external ear canal and the tympanic membrane. The external component of the middle ear implant digitally translates the acoustic information (sound waves) to the implanted part, where the digital information is back-translated to mechanical information (vibrations) which vibrates the ossicle to which it is attached. We present a patient who underwent a Vibrant Soundbridge implantation after unsuccessfully using hearing aids due to recurrent otitis externa. Thch it is attached. We present a patient who underwent a Vibrant Soundbridge implantation after unsuccessfully using hearing aids due to recurrent otitis externa. The patient's hearing improved significantly. We conclude that middle ear implants can be an effective treatment for patients who cannot use conventional hearing aids.

More than 7000 patients contracted poliomyelitis (polio) during the major epidemic in the fifties in Israel. In recent years, there is further deterioration in their condition due to the accelerated aging process and post-polio syndrome.

To evaluate the correlation between disease severity, functional and psychological parameters among polio patients in Jerusalem over a period of 10 years.

A total of 145 polio patients were included in the study; 82 of them were evaluated 10 years ago. The severity of polio sequelae was evaluated using the Index of Post-Polio Sequelae (IPPS) and the psychological status was evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Hope and Satisfaction with Life scales.

The mean age of our sample was 66.4 ± 8.0 years as compared to 57.8 ± 12.8 years in the previous study; 75.9% were Jewish and 28.3% were employed as compared to 75% and 37.3% in the previous study. The severity of polio symptoms according to the IPPS increased and more patients needed assistance in ADL a deterioration in this population.

One-sided diaphragmatic paralysis is a common phenomenon which is usually a-symptomatic. In case of acute onset or if there is an underlying lung disease, the phenomenon may be symptomatic and even limiting. In this article, we present a patient who arrived with subacute shortness of breath when lying down. She underwent thorough investigations but, as happens in most cases, the cause of the paralysis was not identified and it remains idiopathic. The authors present an overview of the etiology, differential diagnosis and treatment of diaphragmatic paralysis.

One-sided diaphragmatic paralysis is a common phenomenon which is usually a-symptomatic. In case of acute onset or if there is an underlying lung disease, the phenomenon may be symptomatic and even limiting. In this article, we present a patient who arrived with subacute shortness of breath when lying down. She underwent thorough investigations but, as happens in most cases, the cause of the paralysis was not identified and it remains idiopathic. The authors present an overview of the etiology, differential diagnosis and treatment of diaphragmatic paralysis.

Israel is currently struggling with the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS CoV-2. Transmission is increasing, with higher morbidity and mortality among populations at risk. Over-representation of blood type A was reported in COVID-19 patients with increased respiratory failure, while blood type O seems to have a protective effect. This may be caused by interference of anti-A antibodies in viral binding to the ACE receptor, different neutralization antibodies potency or variations in the stability of von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers in different blood types. Since transfusion of convalescent COVID19 Plasma (CCP) is an accepted therapeutic modality, the Ministry of Health initiated a national project whereby CCP is collected by Magen David Adom (MDA) Blood Services using apheresis procedures and transfusions are approved by an experts committee, as part of the clinical trial or as compassionate treatment. Preliminary analysis of 49/170 patients treated so far shows improvement in 49%, with imp COVID 19. CCP also serves as a source for the production of hyperimmune globulin for the treatment of COVID 19 and for passive immunization for populations at risk.

Even with the advent of the COVID-19 vaccine, masks and social distancing are recommended as a precautionary measure to suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease. In Israel, as in many other countries, despite official regulations and widespread availability and accessibility to affordable effective masks, the use of face masks is not consistent or universal. Physicians and other medical and health professionals have a vital role to play in communicating to the public about the importance of masking and encouraging people to wear face masks correctly and consistently. This review underscores the importance of masking as a protective public health mitigation measure. It describes types of face masks mainly used by the public and their effectiveness. It emphasizes the importance of identifying and addressing barriers (e.g., physical, social, economic) to encourage widespread and sustained appropriate use of masks. The article also proposes strategies to enhance masking, such as changing social norms through targeted local interventions and governmental control of mask quality and price.

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