Sargentheath4411
Enhanced CD25 expression may lower the threshold for T-cell activation during long-term CNI treatment.
Suppression of IFNγ/IL-2 and T-cell proliferation is weaker during long-term CNI treatment in patients compared to short-term treatment in healthy subjects. Enhanced CD25 expression may lower the threshold for T-cell activation during long-term CNI treatment.
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been evidenced as a multimodal therapy in the pathophysiological process of Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS). However, the pathway that minocycline targets mTOR signaling is not fully defined in the AIS pathogenesis. PT-100 This study aims at the roles of minocycline on the mTOR signaling in the AIS process and further discovers the underlying mechanisms of minocycline involved in the following change of mTOR signaling-autophagy.
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIR) rat animal models were established with the transient suture occlusion into the middle cerebral artery. Minocycline (50mg/kg) was given by intragastric administration. The Morris water maze was used to test the cognitive function of animals. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were introduced for testing the levels of synaptophysin and PSD-95. Western blot was conducted for investigating the levels of mTOR, p-mTOR (Ser2448), p70S6, p-p70S6 (Thr389), eEF2k, p-eEF2k (Ser366), p-eIF4B (Ser406), LC3, p62, synapted to mitigating ischemia-induced synapse injury via inhibiting the activation of mTOR signaling.
Minocycline prevents cognitive deficits via inhibiting mTOR signaling and enhancing the autophagy process, and promoting the expression of pre- and postsynaptic proteins (synaptophysin and PSD-95) in the brain of the MCAO stroke rats. The potential neuroprotective role of minocycline in the process of cerebral ischemia may be related to mitigating ischemia-induced synapse injury via inhibiting the activation of mTOR signaling.
Citrus limon a small evergreen plant belongs to the family Rutaceae. These species are extensively cultivated throughout the world because of their multiple health benefits for humans and their applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Various studies were conducted using their plant parts (fruits, flowers, peels, leaves, blossoms) but the studies on peel extracts are very limited. However, the anticonvulsant activity of peels has not been studied yet.
The main goal of this study is to appraise the anticonvulsant effect stimulated by the antioxidant property of hydroalcoholic extracts of Citrus limon (HAECL) peels in various animal models.
The anticonvulsant and in vivo antioxidant activity of HAECL peels was observed by Maximal electric shock (MES) model, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced clonic convulsion model and PTZ induced kindling test. The extract was administered to test groups at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg. orally in PTZ and MES methods. The highest dose of extract was given estigation, it was concluded that HAECL could produce significant anticonvulsant activity and also attenuate oxidative stress-induced during a seizure.
From the above investigation, it was concluded that HAECL could produce significant anticonvulsant activity and also attenuate oxidative stress-induced during a seizure.
Dopamine receptor (DR) gene family play an essential role in the regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. Our prior analysis of human prostate biopsy samples demonstrated the increased expression of IL-6 and a down regulating trend for dopamine receptor gene family.
The objective was to investigate the expression of dopamine receptors, their catabolizing enzyme and IL-6 in prostate cancer cell lines and assess pharmacological effect of dopamine receptor modulators as a novel class of drugs repurposed for treatment of prostate cancer.
The therapeutic effect of dopamine, DR agonists, and DR antagonist were examined using LNCaP and PC3 cell lines.CellviabilityandproliferationwereassessedbyMTTassayandproliferatingcellnuclearantigenexpressionanalysis, respectively. Furthermore, bax/bcl2 ratio, immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometric assay were performed for apoptosis analysis. RT-q PCR analysis was used to characterize relative expression of dopamine-related genes, catabolic enzyme catechol-o-methyl-transferase (COMT) and IL-6 before and after treatment to assess the therapeutic effects of drugs.
LNCaP cells express DRD1, DRD2, DRD5 and COMT genes and PC3 cells only express IL-6 gene. In-vitro, dopamine receptor agonists reduced cell viability of LNCaP and PC3 cells. In contrast, dopamine and dopamine receptor antagonist significantly increased tumor growth in PC3 cells.
Our results offer novel suggestion for a pathogenic role of dopamine receptor signaling in prostate cancer adenocarcinoma and indicates that modulators of DR-IL-6 pathway, including FDA-approved drug bromocriptine, might be utilized as novel drug repurposing strategy.
Our results offer novel suggestion for a pathogenic role of dopamine receptor signaling in prostate cancer adenocarcinoma and indicates that modulators of DR-IL-6 pathway, including FDA-approved drug bromocriptine, might be utilized as novel drug repurposing strategy.Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability to proliferate and convert to different types of differentiated cells that make up the various tissues and organs in the body. They exist both in embryos as pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into the three germ layers and as multipotent or unipotent stem cells in adult tissues to aid in repair and homeostasis. Perturbations in these cells' normal functions can give rise to a wide variety of diseases. In this review, we discuss the origin of different stem cell types, their properties and characteristics, their role in tissue homeostasis, current research, and their potential applications in various life-threatening diseases. We focus on neural stem cells, their role in neurogenesis and how they can be exploited to treat diseases of the brain including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Next, we explore current research in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) techniques and their clinical applications in regenerative and personalized medicine.
