Husseinmeincke4358

A practically applicable strategy for transforming fragile metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into highly stable and ordered organic framework materials (OFMs) is developed by replacing the labile coordination bonds in MOFs with stable covalent bonds in OFMs, which exhibit hypothetically approximated topology, porosity and properties of the parent MOFs by merging the advantages of MOFs and porous organic materials, thus providing a general pathway for the synthesis of highly ordered OFMs with merged advantages of MOFs and organic polymers.Interactions between oxide supports and noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) is an area of intense research interest across all fields of catalysis. Oxygen spillover, metal support interactions (MSIs) and charge transfer are among many mechanisms observed and proposed as to how NP-support interfaces assist and enhance catalysis. This work studies the migration of oxygen across the Pd NP-CuO nanowire (NW) interface and beyond. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) found an interaction between the Pd NP and CuO NW support, via the formation of PdO at the Pd-CuO interface. It was found, through in situ irradiation at high vacuum transmission electron microscopy (TEM), that oxygen enters the Pd NP lattice from the Pd-CuO interface via amorphization of the NP. Varying the amount of irradiation highlighted the different rates of amorphization of NPs, with full amorphization of a NP leading to the formation of an epitaxially driven PdO across the NPs. Interestingly, in situ heating in XPS observed a reduction to metallic Pd, found to be similarly amorphous during TEM investigation. On comparison with Pd supported on a non-reducible substrate - in which oxidation was found to proceed from the outer surface in, rather than the support interface (resulting in a PdO shell) - it is theorized that the oxidation and reduction of Pd on CuO forms a PdO NP surface full of Pd-PdO sites allowing for synergistic effects, of great use in the oxidation and hydrogenation of organic species.A convenient, pyridine-boryl radical-mediated pinacol coupling of diaryl ketones is developed. In contrast to the conventional pinacol coupling that requires sensitive reducing metal, the current method employs a stable diboron reagent and pyridine Lewis base catalyst for the generation of a ketyl radical. The newly developed process is operationally simple, and the desired diols are produced with excellent efficiency in up to 99% yield within 1 hour. The superior reactivity of diaryl ketone was observed over monoaryl carbonyl compounds and analyzed by DFT calculations, which suggests the necessity of both aromatic rings for the maximum stabilization of the transition states.Today, prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is still a relatively rare but devastating complication following total hip and/or knee arthroplasty. see more The treatment of PJI is difficult due to a number of obstacles, such as microbial drug resistance, biofilm protection, and insufficient immune activity, which dramatically diminish the cure rate of PJI to less then 50%. To efficiently eradicate the bacteria hiding in the implant, photo-chemical joint antibacterial therapeutics based on indocyanine green (ICG) and rifampicin (RIF) co-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (IRPNPs) were developed in this study. The IRPNPs were first characterized as a spherical nanostructure with a size of 266 ± 18.2 nm and a surface charge of -28 ± 1.6 mV. In comparison with freely dissolved ICG, the IRPNPs may confer enhanced thermal stability to the encapsulated ICG and are able to provide a comparable hyperthermic effect and increased production of singlet oxygen under 808 nm near infrared (NIR) exposure with an intensity of 6 W cm-2. Based on the spectrophotometric analysis, the IRPNPs with ≥20-/3.52 μM ICG/RIF were able to provide remarkable antibiofilm and antimicrobial effects against bacteria in a porous silicon bead upon NIR exposure in vitro. Through the analysis of the microbial population index in an animal study, ≥70% Staphylococcus capitis subsp. urealyticus grown in a porous silicon bead in vivo can be successfully eliminated without organ damage or inflammatory lesions around the implant by using IRPNPs + NIR irradiation every 72 h for 9 days. The resulting bactericidal efficacy was approximately three-fold higher than that resulting from using an equal amount of free RIF alone. Taken together, we anticipate that IRPNP-mediated photochemotherapy can serve as a feasible antibacterial approach for PJI treatment in the clinic.Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is increasingly being used as a non-invasive method for disease diagnosis and environmental exposure assessment. We previously detected the nucleic acids of bacterial pathogens in EBC. Influenza viruses can be transmitted through aerosols during coughing and exhaling. Existing detection methods for influenza have various limitations. The EBC collection method is convenient, non-invasive, and reduces the risk of exposure. We investigated the detection of influenza virus in EBC using a sensitive nucleic acid testing method and performed quantitative analysis to evaluate the present and content of influenza virus in the breath. We evaluated 30 patients with respiratory tract infection during the 2019 influenza season. The clinical data and samples of nasal swabs were collected for rapid influenza diagnostic (antigen) tests. Pharyngeal swab and EBC samples were used for influenza virus nucleic acid detection. Each EBC sample was assessed twice as well as at one-month follow-up of the patients. The nucleic acid test in the EBC of 30 cases revealed 20 and two cases of influenza A and B, respectively, giving a detection rate of 73.3%. The rapid influenza diagnostic (antigen) tests revealed four and 12 cases of influenza A and B, respectively, with a detection rate of 53.3%. All pharyngeal swab samples evaluated by the nucleic acid test were influenza-positive; 12 cases were positive for both influenza A and B and 18 cases were positive for influenza B alone. The influenza viral load in the EBC was 103-107 copies ml-1. Among the 16 patients followed-up after 1 month, 4 were positive (25%) in EBC samples and 10 were positive (62.5%) in pharyngeal swab samples. It was preliminary exploration that influenza virus could be detected in EBC. EBC is one of the sample types that would be used for molecular diagnosis of influenza.