Serupkragelund4373

The inorganic anions showed a diversity influencing the degradation of X-3B. TOFA inhibitor clinical trial NO3-, CO32-, and SO42- (at higher concentration) promoted the degradation reaction, while Cl- had non-significant effect.Environmental sustainability has become a major concern for policymakers across the globe. In this regard, understanding the factors responsible for environmental degradation is particularly important for developing nations. Against this backdrop, this study aims to evaluate the impacts of environmental regulations and other vital macroeconomic aggregates on the ecological footprints in the context of four fossil fuel-dependent South Asian countries Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The major findings from the econometric analysis, accounting for cross-sectional dependency, slope heterogeneity, and structural break issues in the data, reveal that environmental regulations portray significant roles in directly and indirectly reducing the ecological footprints across South Asia. Besides, the elasticity estimates verify the authenticity of the environmental Kuznets curve and the pollution haven hypotheses. On the other hand, non-renewable and renewable energy consumptions are found to increase and decrease the ecological footprints, respectively. Moreover, renewable energy use and environmental regulations are found to jointly reduce the ecological footprints further. More importantly, environmental regulations are predicted to reduce the adverse environmental impacts of economic growth, non-renewable energy use, and foreign direct investment inflows while increasing the favorable environmental impacts associated with renewable energy use. Furthermore, the country-specific impacts of environmental regulations on the ecological footprints are found to be more or less homogeneous to the corresponding panel estimates. The environmental Kuznets curve and pollution haven hypotheses are evidenced to hold for the majority of the four South Asia nations. In line with these findings, several relevant policy-level suggestions are put forward.Reusing the industrial waste materials is one of the main aims of sustainability and achieve the environmental protection. However, concrete is the main production for recycling waste materials and cleaning the climate. The utilization of self-consolidating lightweight concrete (SCLC) can achieve two important advantages of the structure self-weight reduction and improving workability. This paper examined the effect of waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads on the workability and hardened characteristics of sustainable SCLCs. Six different EPS volume fractions up to 80% replaced with normal coarse aggregate to produce SCLC mixtures with water to binder (w/b) ratio of 0.35. A total binder content of 500 kg/m3 by including 20% waste ceramic powder with 80% Portland cement and fine aggregate consist of river sand and fine ceramic with 11 ratio in all SCLC mixes. The workability of SCLCs was examined by slump flow time and diameter, L-box height ratio, V-funnel flow time, and segregation resistance. Moreover, the hardened properties tested at different curing periods such as compressive strength at 7, 28, and 90 days; flexural strength at 28 and 90 days; and splitting tensile strength, dry density, voids percent, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV); and scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 28 days. The results verified that workability of SCLCs enhanced as EPS incorporation increased and achieved the limitations required for self-compacting concrete (SCC) while the strengths value curtailed but the compressive strength satisfied the lower value indicated by ACI for structural purposes. Depending on the water absorption and UPV, results illustrated that all produced sustainable SCLC mixtures had a good durability. Furthermore, a high linear correlation was noticed between the results.For a novel approach of resource-efficient water reuse, a municipal wastewater treatment plant was extended at pilot scale for advanced wastewater treatment, i.e., ozonation and biological activated carbon filtration, and a hydroponic system for reclaimed water driven lettuce cultivation. The treatment specific wastewater lines with the corresponding lettuce plants, differentiated into roots and shoots, were monitored for priority wastewater micropollutants, i.e., acesulfame (sweetener), caffeine (stimulant), carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazole with acetyl-sulfamethoxazole (human pharmaceuticals), 1H-benzotriazole, and 4/5-methylbenzotriazole (industrial chemicals). As clearly demonstrated, conventional tertiary treatment could not efficiently clean up wastewater. Removal efficiencies ranged from 3% for carbamazepine to 100% for ibuprofen. The resulting pollution of the hydroponic water lines led to the accumulation of acesulfame, carbamazepine, and diclofenac in lettuce root systems at 32.0, 69.5, and 135 μg kg-1 and in the uptake of acesulfame and carbamazepine into lettuce shoots at 23.4 and 120 μg kg-1 dry weight, respectively. In contrast, both advanced treatment technologies when operating under optimized conditions achieved removal efficiencies of > 90% also for persistent micropollutants. Minimizing the pollution of reclaimed water thus met one relevant need for hydroponic lettuce cultivation.The present study evaluated the impact of Saharan dust event on particulate matter (PM PM10 and PM2.5) concentrations by analyzing the daily average PM data between Saharan dust days (June 23-29, 2020) and non-Saharan dust days (June 15 to June 22 and June 30 to July 12, 2020) for four majorly affected regions in Mexico and by comparing with three major previous events (2015, 2018, and 2019). The results showed that PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 2-5 times higher during the Saharan dust event with the highest daily averages of 197 μg/m3 and 94 μg/m3, respectively, and exceeded the Mexican standard norm (NOM-020-SSA1-2014). When comparing with the previous Saharan dust episodes of 2015, 2018, and 2019, the levels of PM10 and PM2.5 considerably increased and more than doubled across Mexico. The correlation analysis revealed a positive association of PM levels with the number of daily COVID-19 cases and deaths during Saharan dust event. Furthermore, the human health risk assessment showed that the chronic daily intake and hazard quotient values incremented during Saharan dust days compared to non-Saharan days, indicating potential health effects and importance of taking necessary measures to ensure better air quality following the COVID-19 pandemic.