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Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSEs) that affects free-ranging and captive cervid species. The infectious agent of CWD may be transmitted from ingestion of prions shed in bodily fluids (e.g. feces, urine, saliva, placenta tissue) of infected animals, contaminated pastures, and/or decomposing carcasses from dead animals. Studies have also demonstrated prion infectivity in whole blood or blood fractions of CWD infected animals. To determine if CWD-infected blood contained sufficient levels of prion infectivity to cause disease, recipient deer were inoculated intravenously (IV) with blood derived from a CWD-infected white-tailed deer. We found that the CWD agent can be successfully transmitted to white-tailed deer by a single intravenous blood transfusion. The incubation period was associated with recipient prion protein genotype at codon 96 with the GG96 recipient incubating for 25.6 months and the GS96 recipient incubating for 43.6 months. This study complements and supports an earlier finding that CWD can be transmitted to deer by intravenous blood transfusion from white-tailed deer with CWD.

To describe and compare the health status between vulnerable population participating in a program to tackle energy poverty (Energía, la justa) and the non-energy poor Barcelona (Spain) population and to analyse among participants the effect of energy poverty intensity on health.

Cross-sectional study based on data from program participants obtained before the intervention. Participants (1799 women and 671 men) were compared to non-energy poor population of Barcelona (1393 women and 1215 men) sampled from the Barcelona Public Health Survey (2016). Standardized prevalence and prevalence ratios of self-perceived poor health, asthma, chronic bronchitis, and depression and/or anxiety were estimated, and among participants the association between health status and energy poverty intensity was estimated with multivariate models.

The probability of poor self-perceived physical and mental health ranged from 2.2 to 5.3 times greater in the program participants than non-energy poor Barcelona population. Among program participants, those most affected were found to be the most likely to report poor health outcomes, regardless of other sociodemographic factors.

The prevalence of poor physical and mental health was considerably higher among women and men participating in the programme compared to the non-energy poor population and was even worse among those who were more severely affected. Public policies that tackle energy poverty and its consequences are urgently needed in Spain.

The prevalence of poor physical and mental health was considerably higher among women and men participating in the programme compared to the non-energy poor population and was even worse among those who were more severely affected. Public policies that tackle energy poverty and its consequences are urgently needed in Spain.Undocumented immigrants with kidney failure can only access dialysis after presenting critically ill to an emergency department in most states within the United States. How access to scheduled dialysis might improve or harm patient experience is currently unknown. To clarify this, we assessed patient reported outcomes and experiences of undocumented patients who transitioned from emergency to scheduled dialysis. Pre-post intervention interviews were conducted using a mixed-methods study (questionnaires and interviews) in a Colorado hospital. Measures included the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-36 (KDQOL SF-36), Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, Trust in Physician Scale, and CHOICE Satisfaction Scale. Interviews were evaluated using thematic analysis. Thirty patients participated, and 26 completed the post-transition interview (two participants died, two did not transition to scheduled dialysis). Following transition, patients significantly improved on all five KDQOL SF-36 subscales including 116% for burden of kidney disease, 42% for kidney disease effects, 27% for symptoms/problems, 23% for physical and 13% for mental health composite. learn more Patients reported significant improvement in seven symptoms consisting of 100% for nausea, 57% for pain, 94% for appetite and shortness of breath, 87% for anxiety, 86% for depression, 65% for tiredness, and 60% for drowsiness. Trust and satisfaction with care were unchanged. Five identified themes corroborated patient-reported outcomes but indicated continuing challenges associated with anxiety about navigating changes in care, increased burden on family and employers, relief in receiving consistent care, immediate and remarkable health gains, and restoring hope and humanity. Thus, providing healthcare access to standard dialysis for undocumented immigrants improved quality of life and mitigated debilitating symptoms but brought new challenges in healthcare navigation as well as family burden and work.

To investigate the importance of mucinous histopathology on the assessment of tumor response in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving regorafenib.

All patients diagnosed with histologically confirmed mCRC in 2 oncology centers between 2013 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among 678 patients diagnosed with mCRC, 103 patients were treated with regorafenib. Ninety-four of these patients who had used at least 2 cycles of regorafenib and evaluable for treatment response were included in the analysis. Histopathologically, 18 patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma and 76 patients with nonmucinous adenocarcinoma were compared in terms of response rate and survival durations.

Median follow-up duration of 6 months, median age of the patients was 61 (34-77) years. While 19.1% of the patients had mucinous histology, 80.9% had nonmucinous histology. The overall response rate was significantly lower in the mucinous subgroup than the nonmucinous subgroup (5.6% vs 43.4%, respectively, P = 0.003). Similarly, both progression-free survival (3.0 vs 4.0 months, respectively, P = 0.011) and overall survival duration were shorter in the mucinous subgroup (3.0 vs 7.0 months, P = 0.016, respectively) compared with the nonmucinous subgroup.

The histological subgroup may predict tumor response in mCRC patients receiving regorafenib. Its efficacy on nonmucinous histology had significantly more favorable than mucinous subtype.

The histological subgroup may predict tumor response in mCRC patients receiving regorafenib. Its efficacy on nonmucinous histology had significantly more favorable than mucinous subtype.