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Of the latter, 80.0% had severe, 8.6% had moderate, and 11.4% had mild FA. Age at onset of overweight was lower with severe than with mild FA (p = 0.023).

The YFAS 2.0 identified a distinct group with severe FA and a group who met the FA symptom threshold, but not the impairment/distress criteria. Few participants perceived impairment/distress unless they endorsed ≥ 6 symptoms. Adding clinical interviews may aid in assessing impairment/distress and addictive-like eating behaviors, particularly in those meeting the FA symptom, but not the impairment/distress criteria. Better characterization of these groups may help targeting obesity interventions.

NCT03431831, 1/30/2018.

Level III, case-control analytic study.

Level III, case-control analytic study.

Findings concerning the impact of bariatric surgical intervention on both psychological variables and weight loss are often controversial and misconstrued the world over. The aim of this study was to classify bariatric surgery patients according to patterns of preoperative measures that may predict postoperative psychological and physiological outcomes and to compare these patterns between two distinct cultures.

Of 169 consecutive bariatric surgery candidates from Israel and 81 candidates from the United States, 73 and 35 patients, respectively consented to be included in a follow-up phase. Body image dissatisfaction, emotional eating behaviors, risk of suicide, depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and percent excess weight loss were measured. K-means clustering procedure was used to classify bariatric surgery patients according to their preoperative body-related emotional distress, which was composed of body image dissatisfaction and emotional eating. The joint effect of culture and body-related emotional distress cluster on psychological distress was tested.

The cluster analysis revealed two preoperative body-related emotional distress patterns high body-related emotional distress and low body-related emotional distress. Following surgery, US patients showed a higher risk of suicide and lower excess weight loss than Israeli patients within only the high body-related emotional distress cluster (a significant interaction effect).

Preoperative assessment of body-related emotional distress patterns among bariatric surgery candidates may enable professionals to identify potential postoperative risks of suicide, anxiety, and decreased weight loss. The relationship between the body-related emotional distress cluster and outcome measures is culture dependent.

Case-control analytic study.

Case-control analytic study.

To examine the longitudinal associations between parental perceptions of their child's actual weight (PPCA = parental perception of child's actual) and ideal weight (PPCI = parental perception of child ideal) in early childhood and the child's own perceptions of their actual weight (APA = adolescent perceived actual) and ideal weight (API = adolescent perceived ideal) during early adolescence among a low-income population.

Using a longitudinal study design, 136 child/parent pairs were asked to assess the child's actual and ideal weight using figure rating scales. When children were 4-7years old, parents reported on their perception of their child's weight; when children were 10-12years old, the child reported on their own weight perceptions. Actual weight, ideal weight, and the difference between ideal and actual weight perception were assessed at the respective timepoints. Regressions were used to examine the relationship between parental weight perceptions (PPCA and PPCI) and later adolescent weight perception (APA and API).

On average, PPCI was higher than PPCA, whereas API was lower than APA. We found a positive relationship between PPCI and API (β = 0.309, p = .029). PPCA was positively associated with API (β = 0.304, p = .015) and marginally positively associated with the APA (β = 0.242, p = .077). However, the difference between PPCI and PPCA did not predict either APA or API.

Parental perception of their child's weight may relate to the adolescent's weight perception, particularly ideal weight. However, several null and marginal associations suggest that parental weight perception in early childhood may not be the most salient factor in determining weight perception in early adolescence.

Level III, well-designed longitudinal cohort study.

Level III, well-designed longitudinal cohort study.

Food addiction (FA) is one of the causes of widespread obesity in modern society. It was shown that there is an age-associated increase in incidence rate of FA in adolescents/young adults. The purpose of this study was to analyze food preferences in schoolchildren and university students with FA.

High school and university students (N = 1607; age 17.8 ± 2.7years; girls 77.0%) located in four settlements of Russia anonymously took part in the study. Study participants provided personal data (age, sex, height, and weight) and completed the Yale Food Addiction Scale, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire. In addition, they indicated food products with which they had problems.

The frequency of detection of FA among university students was twice as high as among schoolchildren. University students with FA were 20.2% more likely than schoolchildren to report the symptom 'use continues despite knowledge of adverse consequences,' and 13.7% more likely to report the symptom 'tolerance.' Schoolchildren and university students with FA most often noted that foods high in sugar and fat were problematic. University students with FA also reported that foods with a high carbohydrate content were problematic.

In university students with FA, in comparison with schoolchildren with FA, there is an increase in list of problematic food products, mainly due to products with a high carbohydrate content.

Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Dual-task training (DTT) have been showed that have satisfying effects on older adults. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of motor-cognitive DTT (mCdtt) and motor-motor DTT (mMdtt) on balance, fear of falling, walking functionality and muscle strength in older adults.

A total of 50 participants aged 60 and over (mean age 67.72 ± 7.33years), having a score ≥ 24 on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), being in the category of walking ability ≥ 4 according to the Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), having no problem in visual ability and hearing were included for this study. The participants who received mCdtt (Group 1) counted back from the two-digit number; and the participants who received mMdtt (Group 2) held half-filled glasses with both hands near the trunk with 90° flexion of elbow while performing exercises. Oligomycin A Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Antibiotics inhibitor The intervention program had lasted for 8weeks. To assess balance, fear of falling, walking functionality and muscle strength of participants; Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the Hand-held dynamometer were used, respectively.