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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world. Natural product deguelin and its truncated analogs have been reported to be potential therapeutic agents for lung cancer. In order to improve the potency, a novel truncated deguelin derivative (4) possessing nitric oxide (NO) donor was designed and synthesized. The biological evaluation showed that hybrid 4 exerted potent activity with an IC50 value of 0.41 μM in H1299 cells. Mechanism studies showed that it arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase and suppressed Hsp90 function. In addition, hybrid 4 demonstrated potent inhibitory activity on the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Together, the promising results warrant further development of hybrid 4 as a potential anticancer agent for the treatment of lung cancer.The plants of genus Toona are well known for diverse limonoid secondary metabolites, while polyacetylenes are rarely found from Toona species. In this work, six new polyacetylenes toonasindiynes A-F (1-6) and six known analogues (7-12) were isolated from the root bark of Toona sinensis. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, modified Mosher's method, and biosynthetic consideration. These polyacetylenes share the same 4,6-diyne moiety with different side chain length and different oxidation degree. Bioactivity screening revealed the cytotoxic activity of 3, 5, 9, and 11 against U2OS cells, and the inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production of 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, and 11 in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells.The chemical investigation of the flowers and twigs of Calliandra calothyrsus (Fabaceae) led to the isolation of three new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, named calothyrsusosides AC (13). Their structures were established by direct interpretation of their spectral data, mainly HRESIMS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR (1H, 1H NMR DOSY, 13C NMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, HSQC-TOCSY and NOESY) and by comparison with literature data. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their antiproliferative activity against two digestive carcinoma human cell lines Hep3B (hepatocellular carcinoma) and Caco-2 (epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma). Both compounds exhibited an antiproliferative activity against the Hep3B cell line, with IC50 values of 6.0 and 6.5 μM, respectively, while no effect was detected against the epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 (CC50 > 25 μM).Two novel quinolone alkaloids (1 and 2) and two novel indole alkaloids (5 and 8), together with eleven known analogues, were isolated from the nearly ripe fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, including NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD. Additionally, the anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, and anti-bacterial activities of the isolated alkaloids were evaluated in vitro. Compound 5 as a new alkaloid displayed moderate inhibitory effect against four human cancer cell lines (MCF-7 IC50 = 30.7 μM, Hepg-2 IC50 = 65.2 μM, A549 IC50 = 39.1 μM, and SHSY-5Y IC50 = 24.7 μM), α-glucosidase (IC50 = 23.9 μM) and PTP1B (IC50 = 75.8 μM). Compound 11 showed better inhibitory effect against PTP1B (IC50 = 16.2 μM) compared with that of the positive control. Compounds 5, 13, and 14 showed moderate inhibitory effects against Bacillus cereus with MIC values of 50, 25, and 10 μM, respectively.In the last decade, the advances in the molecular analyses and sequencing techniques allowed researchers to study developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) more thoroughly. Certain chromosomes, genes, loci and polymorphisms are being associated with variable severity of this disorder. FL118 price The wide range of signs and symptoms is dependent either on isolated or systemic manifestation. Phenotypes of isolated cases range from only a mild ligamental laxity, through subluxation, to a complete dislocation of the femoral head. Systemic manifestation is connected to various forms of skeletal dysplasia and other malformations characterized by significant genetic aberrations. To reveal the background of DDH heredity, multiple studies focused on large sample sizes with an emphasis on the correlation between genotype, phenotype and continuous clinical examination. Etiological risk factors that have been observed and documented in patients include genetic, environmental, and mechanical factors, which significantly contribute to the familial or nonfamilial occurrence and phenotypic variability of this disorder. Still, the multifactorial etiology and pathogenesis of DDH are not yet sufficiently clarified, explained, or understood. Formation of connective tissue, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and all other affected pathways and variations in the function of their individual elements contribute to the creation of the pathology in a developing human body. This review article presents an up-to-date list of known DDH associated genes, their products, and functional characteristics.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among reproductive-age women. The circRNA-miRNA axis functions in various diseases progression have been partially revealed in the past two decades. However, little is known about the role of the circRNA-miRNA axis in PCOS progression. MicroRNA miR-760, which is characterized by tissue-specific, has been studied in several cancers. Firstly, we found that miR-760 expression was decreased in PCOS tissues insulin treated GCs, KGN and SVOG cells. Secondly, The CCK-8 and apoptosis experiment results suggested that downregulated miR-760 promoted cell proliferation ability and suppressed apoptosis activity in KGN and SVOG cells. Then, the bioinformatic analysis result indicated that circPUM1 was a potential sponge to miR-760. By performing AGO2-RIP, RNA pull-down, Luciferase reporter, and qRT-PCR experiments, we demonstrated that circPUM1 acted as a molecular sponge to miR-760, and decreased miR-760 expression. Moreover, it was found that the promotive effect of circPUM1 was mediated by regulating miR-760. Collectively, our findings suggest that circPUM1 promotes PCOS progression through sponging to miR-760. We may provide a promising therapeutic target for PCOS.