Campossears3139

Screening methodology of wheat genotypes for resistance to sharp eyespot (caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis) was developed. Disease severity differed among cultivars and between field and greenhouse trials. CPI-613 order However, the cultivars Bobtail and Rosalyn had consistently lower severity in field experiments with high sharp eyespot disease pressure. Artificial inoculation was crucial to achieving adequate disease levels for effective screening but planting date had very little effect. Greenhouse inoculation of adult wheat plants was much less successful in categorizing resistance to sharp eyespot. Seedling inoculations in the greenhouse were highly inadequate as a screening method. Selection for resistance to sharp eyespot by artificial inoculation in field trials is feasible in wheat breeding programs.The tendency to attend to and avoid cues to pathogens varies across individuals and contexts. Researchers have proposed that this variation is partially driven by immunological vulnerability to infection, though support for this hypothesis is equivocal. One key piece of evidence (Miller & Maner, 2011) shows that participants who have recently been ill-and hence may have a reduced ability to combat subsequent infection-allocate more attention to faces with infectious-disease cues than do participants who have not recently been ill. The current article describes a direct replication of this study using a sample of 402 individuals from the University of Michigan, the University of Glasgow, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam-more than 4 times the sample size of the original study. No effect of illness recency on attentional bias for disfigured faces emerged. Though it did not support the original finding, this replication provides suggestions for future research on the psychological underpinnings of pathogen avoidance.The authors set forth a contemporary Freudian perspective proposing that enacted interaction be viewed as a spectrum of distinct yet overlapping clinical phenomena acting in/acting out, transference actualization, enactment, countertransference actualization, and boundary violation. At the center of this spectrum are enactments proper, interactions in which both parties construct and sustain a process that embodies a crucial aspect of their affective relationship. By conceptualizing these interactions as a continuum that is patient-focused at one end and analyst-focused at the other, the authors delineate a range of modalities for analytic intervention. They contend that an oscillation between monadic and dyadic perspectives is integral to grappling with the interactive dimension of the analytic process.The authors present a clinical case of paranoid psychosis in which the issue of female identification plays a prevalent role. After a brief introduction on the clinical approach to psychosis in Lacan's teaching, the clinical case is exposed and commented on, highlighting in particular (1) the analyst's position; (2) the role of pousse à la femme ("push-towards-woman") in psychosis; and (3) the therapeutic effects of psychoanalytic treatment for the psychotic patient.The author takes up Freud's sexual theory and examines several key issues-narcissism, infantile sexuality, heterosexuality, and gender-in order to reassert the radical aspects of Freud's epistemology. These areas are explored in two broad and interrelated themes, which are characterized loosely as a genealogy of morals and a philosophy of the will to power. Although this moves substantially beyond the formulations used by Freud, the underlying issue in all this material is the problem of value, and the author demonstrates the truly radical arc of Freud's thinking in the way he addresses value in his sexual theory.The clinical perspective used to understand a patient with an addiction affects the course of treatment and the possibilities for recovery. Positivist and pharmacological models have become popular in the treatment of addictions. These models claim that addiction is primarily a pharmacological occurrence and privilege the biochemical effects of specific substances over the intrapsychic conflict of the patient in order to justify the phenomenology of addiction. Although psychoanalytic approaches have been previously used to treat addictive patients, they have frequently been considered unsuitable and inadequate for such cases. The author's purpose is to use the scope that psychoanalytic comprehension provides to examine the subject who is addicted in relation to his or her maturational development; considering the roles played by pleasure, ego defects, and defensive behavior, derived from case vignettes, in order to illustrate the role of intrapsychic life in the maintaining of an addiction.The substitution of fish oil and fishmeal with plant-based ingredients in commercial aquafeeds for Atlantic salmon, may introduce novel contaminants that have not previously been associated with farmed fish. The organophosphate pesticide pirimiphos-methyl (PM) is one of the novel contaminants that is most prevalent in commercial salmon feed. In this study, the feed-to-fillet transfer of dietary PM and its main metabolites was investigated in Atlantic salmon fillet. Based on the experimental determined PM and metabolite uptake, metabolisation, and elimination kinetics, a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) compartmental model was developed. Fish fed PM had a relatively low (~4%) PM retention and two main metabolites (2-DAMP and Desethyl-PM) were identified in liver, muscle, kidney and bile. The absence of more metabolised forms of 2-DAMP and Desethyl-PM in Atlantic salmon indicates different metabolism in cold-water fish compared to previous studies on ruminants. The model was used to simulate the long term (>1.5 years) feed-to-fillet transfer of PM + metabolite in Atlantic salmon under realistic farming conditions including seasonal fluctuations in feed intake, growth, and fat deposition in muscle tissue. The model predictions show that with the constant presence of the highest observed PM concentration in commercial salmon feed, fillet PM+ metabolite levels were approximately 5 nmol kg-1, with highest levels for the metabolite 2-DAMP. No EU maximum residue levels (MRL) for PM and its main metabolites exist in seafood to date, but the predicted levels were lower than the MRL for PM in swine of 32.7 nmol kg-1.