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Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th common cancer worldwide and ranks seventh in Nigeria. This scoping review aims to identify the gaps in clinical care and research of BC in Nigeria as part of the development of a larger national research programme aiming to improve outcomes and care of BC.
This review will be conducted according to Arksey and O'Malley scoping review methodology framework. The following electronic databases will be searched Medline (using the PubMed interface), Ovid Gateway (Embase and Ovid), Cochrane library and Open Grey literature. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and subsequently screen full-text studies for inclusion, any lack of consensus will be discussed with a third reviewer. Any study providing insight into the epidemiology or treatment pathway of BC (RCTs, observations, case series, policy paper) will be included. A data chart will be used to extract relevant data from the included studies. Results will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. A consultation process will be carried out with a multidisciplinary team of Nigerian healthcare professionals, patients and scientists.
The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. By highlighting the key gaps in the literature, this review can provide direction for future research and clinical guidelines in Nigeria (and other low-income and middle-income countries), where BC is more prevalent due to local risk factors and healthcare settings.
The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. By highlighting the key gaps in the literature, this review can provide direction for future research and clinical guidelines in Nigeria (and other low-income and middle-income countries), where BC is more prevalent due to local risk factors and healthcare settings.
Being either young or old at the time of breast cancer diagnosis has been suggested as an indicator of a poor prognosis. We studied the effect of age at breast cancer onset in relation to survival, focusing in particular on biological subtypes and reproductive anamnesis.
Patients with early breast cancer (n=594) treated in a Finnish University Hospital during 2003-2013 were prospectively collected and followed in median 102 months.
Patients with luminal A-like breast cancer were older than the patients with luminal B-like (HER2-positive) (p=0.045) or patients with the HER2-positive (non-luminal) subtype (p=0.029). Patients ≥70 years received substantially less adjuvant chemotherapy (p=1.5×10
) and radiotherapy (p=5.9×10
) than younger women. Nevertheless, the estimated 10-year breast cancer-specific rates of survival were 84.2%, 92.9% and 87.0% in age groups <41 years, 41-69 years and ≥70 years, respectively, with no statistical difference (p=0.115). Survival rates were also comparable between the three age groups when assessed separately in different biological subtypes, and for patients with metastatic breast cancer there was similarly no difference between the age groups. Later menarche (p=5.7×10
) and high parity (p=0.000078) correlated with increased age at breast cancer diagnosis, but, according to the patients' oestrogen receptor (ER) status, only among ER-positive patients.
Despite the suggested undertreatment of older patients, we report excellent long-term outcomes in all age groups in this prospective cohort. Later endogenous endocrine exposure may cause delay in breast cancer onset, but the exact biology behind this phenomenon is so far unclear.
Despite the suggested undertreatment of older patients, we report excellent long-term outcomes in all age groups in this prospective cohort. Later endogenous endocrine exposure may cause delay in breast cancer onset, but the exact biology behind this phenomenon is so far unclear.
Having to access life-sustaining treatment during the emerging COVID-19 outbreak has placed patients with cancer at an especially vulnerable position notwithstanding their immunocompromised condition. The present study aimed to elucidate cancer patients' and their caregivers' experiences during this outbreak.
Face-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted.
A tertiary cancer care facility.
16 patients with cancer and 14 caregivers. Inclusions criteria were (A) diagnosed with cancer, (B) receiving active treatment or follow-ups, (C) aged 21 years and above and (D) fluent in English or Mandarin.
Thematic analysis was conducted. Five themes were identified
,
,
,
and
. Heightened threat of COVID-19 was more pronounced in patients and linked to vulnerability and fear, uncertainty and actions of socially irresponsible others. Dominant in their healthcare experience was prioritising cancer and treatment amidst heightened threat and anticipatory worry about treatment disruptions. Both noted on the importance of taking responsibility for one's health, with caregivers reporting a reinforced sense of duty towards patients. They strived to maintain normalcy by viewing COVID-19 as beyond personal control, downplaying and living life as usual. Their resolve was supported by a sense of safety from the actions of authorities, hospitals and trust towards healthcare providers.
Cancer intensifies threat and the emotional impact of COVID-19 and may trigger specific concerns related to treatment. Psychoeducation interventions led by healthcare providers over digital platforms could help address cancer-specific concerns and support patients and caregivers during the pandemic.
Cancer intensifies threat and the emotional impact of COVID-19 and may trigger specific concerns related to treatment. Psychoeducation interventions led by healthcare providers over digital platforms could help address cancer-specific concerns and support patients and caregivers during the pandemic.
The study aim was to explore experiences of patients with pleural mesothelioma of follow-up care in three National Health Service (NHS) Trusts to develop recommendations for practice.
The study design was qualitative and comprised three interlinked phases a documentary analysis, interviews and consultation meetings. Altheide and Johnson's Analytic Realism theoretical framework guided the thematic data analysis process.
The study was conducted in three NHS Trusts in South England. Two were secondary care settings and the third was a tertiary centre.
The secondary care trusts saw 15-20 patients with new mesothelioma per year and the tertiary centre 30-40. The tertiary centre had a designated mesothelioma team. Twenty-one patients met the inclusion criteria >18 years, mesothelioma diagnosis and in follow-up care. Non-English speaking participants, those unable to provide written informed consent or those whom the clinical team felt would find participation too distressing were excluded. Cryptotanshinone All participants were white, 71% were 70-79 years old and 71% were men.
