Morrisonnissen1341
These findings suggest a microbial diversity soil modulation mechanism that may be a characteristic of highly tolerant plants to diverse and extreme environments. Furthermore, since H. doellii is related to important cultivated crops, our results create an opportunity for future studies on climate change adaptation of crop plants.Many diverse plant clades possess bilaterally symmetrical flowers and specialised pollination syndromes, suggesting that these traits may promote diversification. We examined the evolution of diverse floral morphologies in a species-rich tropical radiation of Rhododendron. We used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing on 114 taxa from Rhododendron sect. Schistanthe to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and examine hybridisation. We then captured and quantified floral variation using geometric morphometric analyses, which we interpreted in a phylogenetic context. We uncovered phylogenetic conflict and uncertainty caused by introgression within and between clades. Morphometric analyses revealed flower symmetry to be a morphological continuum without clear transitions between radial and bilateral symmetry. Tropical Rhododendron species that began diversifying into New Guinea c. 6 million years ago expanded into novel floral morphological space. Our results showed that the evolution of tropical Rhododendron is characterised by recent speciation, recurrent hybridisation and the origin of floral novelty. Floral variation evolved via changes to multiple components of the corolla that are only recognised in geometric morphometrics with both front and side views of flowers.
As a complex cognitive task, integrated writing (IW) requires not only different language modalities but also persistent cognitive effort. In practice, varied language modalities are taught together with IW tasks. However, little research has been done to investigate independent and integrated language tasks simultaneously. In addition, the need for cognition (NfC), which plays an important role in cognitive processing, has not been explored in the context of IW.
The present study aims to investigate the influence of different language modalities (i.e., reading and writing) on IW performance and how NfC moderates this influence.
A total of 246 Secondary Four students from three schools in Hong Kong.
Measures of reading, writing, NfC and IW performance were obtained. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the relationships between reading, writing and IW and investigate the role of NfC.
Positive effects of reading and writing on IW performance were observed, and writing played a mediating and writing and focus on cultivating students' cognitive needs to enhance their IW performance.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN),and SJS/TEN overlap syndrome are rare, severe cutaneous adverse reactions usually triggered by medications. In addition to tertiary-level supportive care, various systemic therapies have been used including glucocorticoids, intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs), cyclosporin, N-acetylcysteine, thalidomide, infliximab, etanercept,and plasmapheresis. check details There is an unmet need to understand the efficacy of these interventions.
To assess the effects of systemic therapies (medicines delivered orally, intramuscularly,or intravenously) for the treatment of SJS, TEN,and SJS/TEN overlap syndrome.
We searched the following databases up to March2021 the Cochrane Skin Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, andEmbase. We also searched five clinicaltrialregisters, the reference lists of all included studies and of key review articles, and a number of drug manufacturer websites. We searched for errata or retractions of included studies.
Weincluded only randvery low corticosteroids versus no corticosteroids, IVIG versus no IVIG and cyclosporin versus IVIG. There is a need for more multicentric studies, focused on the most important clinical comparisons, to provide reliable answers about the best treatments for SJS/TEN.
When compared to corticosteroids, etanercept may result in mortality reduction. For the following comparisons, the certainty of the evidence for disease-specific mortality is very low corticosteroids versus no corticosteroids, IVIG versus no IVIG and cyclosporin versus IVIG. There is a need for more multicentric studies, focused on the most important clinical comparisons, to provide reliable answers about the best treatments for SJS/TEN.Cyclic chiral lactide is the monomer chemical for polymerization of high molecular weight polylactic acid (PLA). The synthesis of cyclic l-lactide starts from poly-condensation of l-lactic acid to a low molecular weight prepolymer and then depolymerized to cyclic l-lactide. Lignocellulose biomass is the most promising carbohydrate feedstock for lactic acid production, but the synthesis of cyclic l-lactide from l-lactic acid produced from lignocellulose has so far not been successful. The major barriers are the impurities of residual sugars and inhibitors in the crude cellulosic l-lactic acid product. Here we show a successful cyclic l-lactide synthesis from cellulosic l-lactic acid by lignocellulose biorefining with complete inhibitor removal and coordinated sugars assimilation. The removal of inhibitors from lignocellulose pretreatment was accomplished by biodetoxification using a unique fungus Amorphotheca resinae ZN1. The nonglucose sugars were completely and simultaneously assimilated at the same rate with glucose by the engineered l-lactic acid bacterium Pediococcus acidilactici. The l-lactic acid production from wheat straw was comparable to that from corn starch with high optical pure (99.6%), high l-lactic acid titer (129.4 g/L), minor residual total sugars (~2.2 g/L), and inhibitors free. The cyclic l-lactide was successfully synthesized from the regularly purified l-lactic acid and verified by detailed characterizations. This study paves the technical foundation of carbon-neutral production of biodegradable PLA from lignocellulose biomass.
Socialization practices support undergraduates' transitional processes when beginning their academic careers and afterwards. Anyhow, the absence of specific socialization measures for academic contexts does not allow Universities to assess it.
The present study aimed to contribute to the socialization literature by proposing a reliable measure (USQ, Undergraduate Socialization Questionnaire) specific for the academic context, that is, reflecting the same construct at different developmental stages.
Based on an organizational socialization scale (NSQ; Haueter al., 2003, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 20), we examined in Study One the USQ's three-factor structure (task, group, organization) (n. 451 undergraduates) and, in Study Two, we tested the construct invariance across time, comparing undergraduates' developmental changes through a two-wave longitudinal design (n.185 undergraduates attending their first and their second year).
Findings supported both the USQ's dimensionality and measurement invariance, thus ensuring that the same underlying construct is being assessed, and its concurrent and predictive validity.
Overall, results showed that USQ is a reliable instrument useful to monitor the effectiveness of undergraduates' adjustment process, also allowing comparison between specific groups of students or longitudinal comparison to evaluate their career development or the effectiveness of policies targeted to reduce the risk of marginalization and dropout.
Overall, results showed that USQ is a reliable instrument useful to monitor the effectiveness of undergraduates' adjustment process, also allowing comparison between specific groups of students or longitudinal comparison to evaluate their career development or the effectiveness of policies targeted to reduce the risk of marginalization and dropout.
This systematic review was conducted to evaluate any interventions to prevent incident delirium, or shorten the duration of prevalent delirium, in older adults presenting to the emergency department (ED).
Health sciences librarian designed electronic searches were conducted from database inception through September 2021. Two authors reviewed studies, and included studies that evaluated interventions for the prevention and/or treatment of delirium and excluded non-ED studies. The risk of bias (ROB) was evaluated by the Cochrane ROB tool or the Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) scale. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate a pooled effect of multifactorial programs on delirium prevention.
Our search strategy yielded 11,900 studies of which 10 met study inclusion criteria. Two RCTs evaluated pharmacologic interventions for delirium prevention; three non-RCTs employed a multi-factorial delirium prevention program; three non-RCTs evaluated regional anesthesia for hip fractures; and one study evaluated the use of Foley and treatment trials in the ED are still rare and should be prioritized for future research.
Although advance care planning (ACP) is beneficial if dementia develops, and virtually all older adults are at risk for this disease, older adults do not consistently engage in ACP. Health behavior models have highlighted the importance of perceived susceptibility to medical conditions in motivating behavior. Following these models, we sought to determine how often older adults believe they are not at risk of developing dementia and to examine the association between perceived dementia risk and ACP participation.
We performed a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults without cognitive impairment, aged ≥65 years, who were interviewed for the Health and Retirement Study in 2016 and asked about their perceived dementia risk (n=711). Perceived dementia risk was ascertained with this question "on a scale of 0 to 100, what is the percent chance that you will develop dementia sometime in the future?" We used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression to evaluate the association between perceived risk l forms of ACP, but the fact that many older adults with high levels of perceived risk had not completed ACP activities suggests that efforts beyond raising risk awareness are needed to increase engagement.
Status epilepticus (SE) persisting despite two anti-seizures medications (ASM) and anesthetics is labeled super refractory (SRSE), correlating with important morbidity and mortality. Its treatment relies on expert opinions. Due to its pharmacological properties, ketamine (KET) has received increasing attention, but data are essentially retrospective.
To describe an unselected cohort of adults receiving KET for SRSE.
Analysis of a prospective registry of consecutive SE episodes, identifying SRSE patients receiving ketamine (KET). Comparison with recent adult series including more than 10 patients.
Eleven patients received KET after a median of 4days (range 2-20); median dose was 5mg/kg/h (range 2.5-15). KET provided permanent SE control in three (27%). Previous series, using KET administration delays and doses similar to our cohort, report KET efficacy in 28-96% of cases.
We found a lower SE control rate than existing literature, whose data are, however, often retrospective, potentially selecting patients with less severe SE forms or responding to KET.
