Frenchpost5183

The emulsions prepared using the surfactant and Pickering methods were separated into oil and water by the solid-liquid phase transition of hexadecane in the internal oil phase. However, the emulsion prepared using three-phase emulsification maintained its emulsified state without any oil-water separation even when the internal oil phase underwent solid-liquid phase transition. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that three-phase emulsification is an irreversible method because its mechanism is based on extensive factors. Furthermore, this irreversible method allows the emulsification of various oils that cannot be emulsified by conventional methods, and it is also possible to directly mix emulsions prepared with different oils. The authors also call attention to the possibility of improving emulsion characters and new developments in emulsion science.Flavoured rapeseed oils prepared using traditional technologies (oils A and B) and a fragrant rapeseed oil obtained using an enzymatic Maillard reaction (oil C) were analysed to show that oil C featured basic indicators and a fatty acid composition similar to those of traditional oils while exhibiting a higher comprehensive sensory evaluation score. Volatile component, odour activity value (OAV), and relative odour activity value (ROAV) analyses revealed that oil C had an elevated content of pyrazines (20.83%) and aldehydes (38.15%), which resulted in stronger charred and caramel flavours. The aroma of oil C was directly impacted by 3-methylbutyraldehyde (OAV > 1) and was modified by 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde and nonanal (RAOV > 1 in both cases). Thus, the developed technology was found to be well suited for the production of novel and safe fragrant rapeseed oil.Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV), a rare cardiovascular disorder caused by genetic or acquired dysfunction of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), is marked by defective intracellular lipolysis that results in excessive accumulation of triglycerides (TGs) in the myocardium and coronary arteries, leading to intractable heart failure (HF). We have developed a specific treatment for TGCV using tricaprin, a medium chain TG, as part of a governmental rare disease project in Japan. We recently reported that tricaprin diet improved cardiac TG metabolism and left ventricular function in an ATGL-knockout (KO) mouse, a mouse model for TGCV. Here, we report the effect of tricaprin on the myocardial proteome of KO mice to elucidate the mechanisms of action of tricaprin at protein expression levels. We compared proteomic changes in the hearts of KO mice fed control or tricaprin diet. Tandem mass tag-based shotgun proteomics identified 1832 proteins common to all sample groups. Whole proteomic distribution in the heart was largely up-regulated in KO mice fed control diet. When using cut-off values (>1.5 or less then 0.67, FDR-adjusted p value less then 0.01), in fact, 65 proteins were up-regulated whereas only 2 proteins were down-regulated in the hearts of KO mice fed control diet. The former included proteins assigned to "Cardiac Arrhythmia", and "Cardiac Damage" reflecting HF by a toxicity function analysis. One of the latter was Ces1d, which is known to regulate intracellular TG metabolism. These proteomic changes observed in KO mice were dramatically rescued by the tricaprin diet. These results indicated that tricaprin diet ameliorated HF in a TGCV mouse model at protein expression levels and also provided important clues to understand mechanisms for the beneficial effect of tricaprin.

Plasmalogen, phospholipids with previously shown associations with dementia, has attracted attention as a substance found in some studies to improve cognitive function. The effects of ascidian-derived plasmalogens on cognitive performance improvement were assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study including Japanese adult volunteers with mild forgetfulness.

Participants consumed either the active food containing ascidian-derived plasmalogen (1 mg as plasmalogen) or the placebo food for 12 weeks, and their cognitive performance was assessed by Cognitrax. Participants were randomly allocated into the intervention (ascidian-derived plasmalogen; 8 males, and 17 females; 45.6 ± 11.1 years) or the placebo (9 males, and 15 females; mean age, 46.4 ± 10.8 years) group.

Compared to the placebo group, the intervention group showed a significant increase score in composite memory (eight weeks 3.0 ± 16.3 points, 12 weeks 6.7 ± 17.5 points), which was defined as the sum of verbal and visual memory scores.

These results indicate the consumption of ascidian-derived plasmalogen maintains and enhances memory function. This study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN-CTR, registry no. UMIN000026297). This study did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

These results indicate the consumption of ascidian-derived plasmalogen maintains and enhances memory function. This study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN-CTR, registry no. UMIN000026297). This study did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Bacterial cell shapes may be altered by the cell cycle, nutrient availability, environmental stress, and interactions with other organisms. The bean bug Riptortus pedestris possesses a symbiotic bacterium, Burkholderia insecticola, in its midgut crypts. This symbiont is a typical rod-shaped bacterium under in vitro culture conditions, but changes to a spherical shape inside the gut symbiotic organ of the host insect, suggesting the induction of morphological alterations in B. insecticola by host factors. The present study revealed that a deletion mutant of a peptidoglycan amidase gene (amiC), showing a filamentous chain form in vitro, adapted a swollen L-form-like cell shape in midgut crypts. Selleckchem Olaparib Spatiotemporal observations of the ΔamiC mutant in midgut crypts revealed the induction of swollen cells, particularly prior to the molting of insects. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying in vivo-specific morphological alterations, the symbiont was cultured under 13 different conditions and its cell shape was examined.