Shawlundgren5863

The introduction of vaccinations against hepatitis B into the preventive vaccination calendar has led to a significant decrease in the incidence of viral hepatitis B among the population under 18 years of age. The goal is to analyze the effect of viral hepatitis in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Our studies of a 5-year cross-section showed that the incidence of chronic viral hepatitis B tends to decline. So, if the number of CHB diseases in 2012 was at the level of 35.4 cases per 100 thousand population, then in 2016 this figure decreased by 5.8 cases (↓ 16.4%) and amounted to 29.6 diseases per 100 thousand. During the period under review, a significant decrease in CHB cases was recorded in 2015 (27.9 per 100 thousand people), which was further accompanied by a slight increase in the incidence in 2016 by 6% or 1.7 cases per 100 thousand people. However, there is an increase in the incidence of delta hepatitis, for example, for the period from 2012 to 2016, the incidence of CVH from delta of citizens over 18 yearazakhstan.The purpose of the work is to investigate the influence of serological markers of blood groups on the development of the function of logical thinking of adolescent athletes taking into account sexual dimorphism. The study involved girls (n=167) and boys (n=143) from a specialized sports institution, who according to the classification of sports by A.G. Dembo were divided into two groups group A - speed and power sports, group B - endurance sports. The control group of tested persons who did not play sports was divided into two subgroups subgroup 1 - pupils [girls (n=106), boys (n=114)], aged 13-15 years, of secondary school; subgroup 2 - first-third year students [girls (n=124), boys (n=131)] of higher educational institutions. The study of the function of logical thinking was carried out according to the method of «numerical series» of M.V. Makarenko. Quantitative indicators for assessing the function of thinking were as follows the number of correct answers guessed by the person during the work, the speed of thinking, the overall assessment of the state of thinking. The fact of possible use of blood groups in genetic-based prediction of development of thinking is established. It was found that girls and boys with A (II) and 0 (I) blood groups have the best associative relations with different properties of logical thinking, and individuals with AB (IV) and B (III) groups - the worst ones. It was also found that between males and females of the three groups of tested persons (young athletes, secondary school pupils, students) there are no significant differences in the average values of logical thinking, and therefore the factor of sexual dimorphism does not make significant adjustments in the specifics of changes in the above-mentioned mental function of individuals having different blood groups.The purpose of the study is to determine universal medical and legal measures for individual and nationwide prevention of fortification of the population for practical application by developing and adopting international normative legal act - the Convention on Combating Fortification in Society. To achieve this purpose, the authors have used general scientific and special methods of cognition. Thus, the statistical method was used to analyze the data of official statistics for 2014-2019 regarding the number of crimes committed while intoxication; the method of comparison was used in the analysis of data on studying the development of adolescents' behavior due to alcohol consumption and the effect of special programs on the prevention of alcoholism; the method of questioning was used when interviewing students of higher educational institutions regarding the prevalence of alcohol consumption among young people. The authors of the article have offered to develop the Convention on Combating Fortification in Society, which should include binding international standards for the prevention and treatment of alcoholism in the Member States of this Convention. It has been indicated that the normative and legal acts of the future Member States of the Convention should contain a definition of the concepts of "fortification" and "alcoholism"; medical, socio-pedagogical, criminal and other measures to counteract alcoholism; provisions for the treatment of alcohol-dependent persons; measures of universal access to information resources in the field of fortification, etc. It has been offered to amend the national regulatory acts of the Member States of the suggested Convention.The study is aimed at studying the relationship of polymorphisms of the ADRB2 (rs1042714) and LPL (rs328) genes with lipid changes and weight gain in adolescents of Kazakh nationality. A total of 184 Kazakh adolescents, aged 15 to 18, were included in the study. Ferrostatin-1 The main group included 70 overweight adolescents (BMI>23.5), and the control group included 114 adolescents with normal physique (BMI≤23.4). Single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1042714 [C/G] and rs328 [C/G] were determined by the TaqMan method, using for genotyping the DNA of peripheral blood cells. When comparing the polymorphisms rs1042714 of the ADRB2 gene (p=0.58) and rs328 of the LPL gene (p=0.12) with a body mass index, no relationship was found. The results of the study show that A1 hypoapolipoproteinemia was associated with the rs328 polymorphism of the LPL gene (p=0.002). rs1042714 of the ADRB2 gene is not associated with apoA1 groups (p=0.257). A comparison of body mass index (BMI) by gender showed that boys had a significantly higher BMI compared to girls (p=0.002). Between polymorphisms rs328 and rs1042714 did not reveal a statistically significant relationship with the risk of obesity among adolescents of Kazakh nationality. The rs328 polymorphism has an association with A1 hypoapolipoproteinemia in adolescents of Kazakh nationality. rs1042714 of the ADRB2 gene is not associated with a risk of A1hypoapolipoproteinemia.Low levels of apoA1 are more often accompanied by low levels of HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) and high levels of insulin, insulin resistance index and apoB.Primary myelofibrosis is a common disease from the group of Ph-negative myeloproliferative diseases. The article presents modern data on the pathogenesis of Ph-negative myeloproliferative diseases, as well as diagnostic criteria, treatment tactics and prognosis factors for primary myelofibrosis. A clinical case of transformation of primary myelofibrosis into acute myeloid leukemia is described. Purpose of the study - to present up-to-date information on the pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, principles of treatment and prognostic factors of primary myelofibrosis, as well as to present a clinical case of transformation of primary myelofibrosis into acute myeloblastic leukemia. According to modern concepts, for the early diagnosis of primary myelofibrosis, along with the clinical and morphological methods of examining patients, molecular genetic verification of the disease is extremely important. To improve the survival rate of patients with primary myelofibrosis, molecular genetic verification of the disease and stratification for the choice of treatment tactics are necessary.