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Pregnant mothers with opioid dependency commonly receive maintenance treatment of opioid (OMT), either as buprenorphine (BMT) or methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). We investigated, whether OMT adversely affects standardized neonatal anthropometric outcomes and whether BMT is potentially safer than MMT in this regard.

Retrospective chart review of mother infant dyad, with and without OMT. Infant's absolute and standardized (z-score) anthropometric outcomes at birth were first compared, between OMT and control group (negative meconium drug screen), and then between BMT and MMT group. These outcomes were also compared between infants who did or did not require treatment after birth for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).

A total of 1479 participants with MDS were included [Control = 1251; OMT = 228 (MMT = 181; BMT = 47)]. Both the z-scores of birth weight (BW) and head circumference (HC) was lower in OMT group (p <  0.001). Among the OMT group, GA at delivery was slightly higher in the BMT group (p = 0.05). There was an inverse correlation between maternal dose at the time of delivery and anthropometric z-scores in the BMT group, mainly in female infants (BW p = 0.006; HC p = 0.003). Furthermore, In BMT group, infants with lower HC were more likely to require treatment for NAS (p = 0.01).

HC and BW when comparing Z-scores were not different between MMT and BMT. High maternal dosing of buprenorphine is associated with lower BW and HC Z-scores but dose effect is not seen with methadone. In addition, there seems to be an association between NAS severity and HC, especially in the BMT group.

HC and BW when comparing Z-scores were not different between MMT and BMT. High maternal dosing of buprenorphine is associated with lower BW and HC Z-scores but dose effect is not seen with methadone. In addition, there seems to be an association between NAS severity and HC, especially in the BMT group.

Being a rare condition, the incidence of chylothorax among neonates is low, but the mortality rate is high. In a dire effort to reduce the risk of death, octreotide treatment is used to effectively treat acquired and congenital chylothorax. Octreotide is proven to effectively treat chylothorax in pre-term and full-term neonates. However, previous studies have not consistently demonstrated the optimal dose of octreotide or the best mode of administration. The objectives of this work were to review previous literature to determine the outcomes of administering high doses of octreotide compared to lower dose regimens in neonates with chylothorax and to determine best practices.

A literature search was performed using electronic databases using the key words neonates, chylothorax, and octreotide.

Octreotide has been administrated in doses ranging from 0.5μg/kg/h to >  20μg/kg/h. Both low- and high-doses of octreotide are effective in resolving chylothorax with little to no side effects. selleck chemicals llc When side effects were reported, neonates experienced side effects that are less significant in nature and scope.

We recommend that the dose of octreotide in neonatal chylothorax can be titrated safely to a maximum of 20μg/kg/h without significant side effects.

We recommend that the dose of octreotide in neonatal chylothorax can be titrated safely to a maximum of 20μg/kg/h without significant side effects.

Increasing rates of maternal opioid use disorder has led to greater number of opioid exposed newborns (OENs). Maternal enrollment in medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) program improves short term neonatal outcomes. This study aimed at assessing neurobehavioral outcomes for OENs.

Retrospective observational cohort study of OENs between Jul 2006 and Dec 2018. Two study groups were identified as initiation of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) prior to diagnoses of pregnancy or after. Primary outcome variables were enrollment in and duration of EI services. Secondary outcome variable was diagnoses of a behavioral and/or developmental disorder (BDD) during the study period.

Of 242 infants, 113 were enrolled in EI and BDD diagnoses data was available for all infants [age range 6 to 12 years], 82% infants had exposure to maternal MOUD, while 18% were exposed to either maternal prescription non-MOUD opioids or illicit opioids. Maternal MOUD initiation prior to pregnancy was associated with improv and long-term child health outcomes are needed.

Micro-premature newborns, gestational age (GA) <  25 weeks, have high rates of mortality and morbidity. Literature has shown improving outcomes for extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs) GA <  29 weeks, but few studies have addressed outcomes of ELGANs <  25 weeks.

To evaluate the trends in outcomes for ELGANs born in New Jersey, from 2000 to 2018 and to compare two subgroups GA 23 to 25 weeks (E1) and GA 26 to 29 weeks (E2).

Thirteen NICUs in NJ submitted de-identified data. Outcomes for mortality and morbidity were calculated.

Data from 12,707 infants represents the majority of ELGANs born in NJ from 2000 to 2018. There were 3,957 in the E1 group and 8,750 in the E2 group. Mortality decreased significantly in both groups; E1, 43.2% to 30.2% and E2, 7.6% to 4.5% over the 19 years. The decline in E1 was significantly greater than in E2. Most morbidities also showed significant improvement over time in both groups. Survival without morbidity increased from 14.5% to 30.7% in E1s and 47.2% to 69.9% in E2s. Similar findings held for 501- 750 and 751- 1000g birth weight strata.

Significant declines in both mortality and morbidity have occurred in ELGANs over the last two decades. These rates of improvements for the more immature ELGANs of GA 230 to 256 weeks were greater than for the more mature group in several outcomes. While the rates of morbidity and mortality remain high, these results validate current efforts to support the micro-premature newborn.

Significant declines in both mortality and morbidity have occurred in ELGANs over the last two decades. These rates of improvements for the more immature ELGANs of GA 230 to 256 weeks were greater than for the more mature group in several outcomes. While the rates of morbidity and mortality remain high, these results validate current efforts to support the micro-premature newborn.