Lewisbock6558

The results obtained show an important role of verbatim and gist memory functioning in developmental dyslexia and suggest that the pattern of performance observed in the memory tests can be used as a predictor of the developmental dyslexia disorder. Results encourage further usage of decision trees. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Individual traits such as body mass can serve as early warning signals of changes in the fitness prospects of animal populations facing environmental impacts. Here, taking advantage of a 19-year monitoring, we assessed how individual, population and environmental factors modulate long-term changes in the body mass of Canarian Egyptian vultures. Individual vulture body mass increased when primary productivity was highly variable, but decreased in years with a high abundance of livestock. We hypothesized that carcasses of wild animals, a natural food resource that can be essential for avian scavengers, could be more abundant in periods of weather instability but depleted when high livestock numbers lead to over-grazing. In addition, increasing vulture population numbers also negatively affect body mass suggesting density-dependent competition for food. Interestingly, the relative strength of individual, population and resource availability factors on body mass changed with age and territorial status, a pattern presumably shaped by differences in competitive abilities and/or age-dependent environmental knowledge and foraging skills. Our study supports that individual plastic traits may be extremely reliable tools to better understand the response of secondary consumers to current and future natural and human-induced environmental changes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.INTRODUCTION Dizziness is a common complaint presented in the emergency department. A subset of these patients will present with acute vestibular syndrome (AVS). AVS is a clinical syndrome defined by the presence of vertigo, nystagmus, head motion intolerance, ataxia, and nausea/vomiting. These symptoms are most often due to benign vestibular neuritis; however, can be a sign of a dangerous central cause i.e. vertebrobasilar stroke. The Head Impulse test, Nystagmus, Test of Skew (HINTS ) exam has been proposed as a bedside test for frontline clinicians to rule out stroke in those presenting with AVS. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the HINTS exam to rule out a central cause of vertigo in an adult population presenting to the emergency department with AVS. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic accuracy when performed by emergency physicians versus neurologists. METHODS We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane database, relevant conference abstracts from 2009 to September 2019 and ians including both emergency physicians (board certified) and neurologists(fellowship trained in neuro-otology or vascular neurology) the sensitivity was 83% (95%CI 63-95) specificity 44%(95%CI 36-51). CONCLUSIONS The HINTS exam when used in isolation by emergency physicians has not been shown to be sufficiently accurate to rule out a stroke in those presenting with AVS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.On February 7th, 2020 Giuseppe Bartoli passed away after a short and serious disease. He has been an eminent organic chemist who has left deep marks in the field of organic synthesis and an unbridgeable void in his friends. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The functions of implants like medical devices are often compromised by the host's foreign-body response (FBR). Here, we developed low FBR materials inspired by serine-rich sericin from silk; our poly-β-homoserine (β-HS) materials comprise the hydrophilic unnatural amino acid β-homoserine. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of β-HS resist adsorption by diverse proteins, as well as adhesion by cells, platelets, and diverse microbes. Experiments lasting up to 3 months revealed that, whereas implantation with control PEG hydrogels induced obvious inflammatory responses, collagen encapsulation, and macrophage accumulation, these responses were minimal with β-HS. Strikingly, the β-HS hydrogels demonstrate angiogenesis in implant-adjacent tissues. Molecular simulations indicated that the low FBR performance of β-HS results from what we term 'dual hydrogen bonding hydration', wherein both the backbone amide groups and the side chain hydroxyl groups of β-HS undergo hydration. We anticipate that our low fouling and low FBR β-HS materials can outperform PEG for many biomedical applications. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.In nature, animals such as chameleons are well-known for the complex color patterns of their skin and the ability to adapt and change the color by manipulating sophisticated photonic crystal systems. find more Artificial gradient photonic materials are inspired by these color patterns. A concept for the preparation of such materials and their function as tunable mechanochromic materials is presented in this work. The system consists of a 1D polymer photonic crystal on a centimeter scale on top of an elastic poly(dimethylsiloxane) substrate with a gradient in stiffness. In the unstrained state, this system reveals a uniform red reflectance over the entire sample. Upon deformation, a gradient in local strain of the substrate is formed and transferred to the photonic crystal. Depending on the magnitude of this local strain, the thickness of the photonic crystal decreases continuously, resulting in a position-dependent blue shift of the reflectance peak and hence the color in a rainbow-like fashion. Using more sophisticated hard-soft-hard-soft-hard gradient elastomers enables the realization of stripe-like reflectance patterns. Thus, this approach allows for the tunable formation of reflectance gradients and complex reflectance patterns. Envisioned applications are in the field of mechanochromic sensors, telemedicine, smart materials, and metamaterials. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Full quantum mechanical (FQM) calculation of the excited state of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials is highly sought but still a challenging task. Herein, we employed the recently developed electrostatically embedded generalized molecular fractionation (EE-GMF) method, a method based on the systematic fragmentation approach, to predict, for the first time, the spectra of a prototype AIE fluorophore di( p -methoxylphenyl) dibenzofulvene (FTPE). Compared to the single molecular or QM/MM calculations, the EE-GMF method can significantly improve the accuracy, nearly reproducing the experimental optical spectra of the FTPE in both condensed phases. Importantly, we show that the conventional restriction of intramolecular rotation (RIR) mechanism cannot fully account for AIE, whereas the two-body intermolecular quantum mechanical interaction plays a crucial role in AIE. The success in quantitative predicting optical properties of AIE systems not only validates the FQM fragmentation approach, but also enables more effective design of new AIE materials with novel optical properties.