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in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery by inhibiting the production of Aβ and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

To explore the role of calpain activation in the progression of peritoneal fibrosis.

Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized equally into control group, MDL28170 (a calpain inhibitor)+normal saline group, peritoneal dialysis (PD) model group and PD + MDL28170 group. In the latter two groups, the rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of 100 mL/kg of 4.25% glucose PD solution, and those in PD+MDL28170 group and MDL28170 saline group received daily infusion of 4 mg/kg MDL28170 every other day. Eight weeks later, the rats were euthanized for pathological examination of the parietal peritoneum, and the visceral peritoneum was used for examining the activation status of calpain and the expressions of fibronectin (FN) and collagen I (COL-I). Calpain activation and expressions of FN, COL-I and α-SMA were also examined using Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay in primary cultures of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells treated with MDL28170, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), or bothed peritoneal fibrosis. Calpain activation can promote peritoneal fibrosis, and inhibition of calpain can alleviate peritoneal fibrosis.

To investigate the inhibitory effect of

citrus fermentation liquor on liver fibrosis in mice.

Mouse models of liver fibrosis were established by intraperitoneal injection of CCl

in 105 male C57BL/6 mice, followed by gavage of 0.1 mL 40% CCl

olive oil 3 times a week (model group,

=49) or daily gavage of citrus liquor at the dose of 0.26 mL (citrus liquor group,

=56) for 8 weeks. Seven mice receiving only olive oil treatment (0.1 mL, 3 times a week) and another 7 treated with citrus liquor served as the control group. Liver tissues and serum samples were collected from 7 mice in the citrus liquor group and model group each week and from the mice in the two control groups at the 8th week for pathological examination of the liver tissues using HE staining and Sirius red staining and for determination of the biochemical indexes of liver function.

The mice in the model group showed progressively worsened liver fibrosis with obvious hepatic steatosis, necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. These liver pathologies were much ameliorated in citrus liquor group, which showed significantly reduced vacuolation, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition and the Ishak score of the liver tissue (

< 0.05). selleck products Serum levels of cholyglycine, alanine aminotransferase, transglutaminase and alanine aminotransferase were all significantly lower in citrus liquor group than in the model group (

< 0.05).

citrus fermentation liquor has protective effect on the liver and can significantly ameliorate liver fibrosis in mice.

Xinhui citrus fermentation liquor has protective effect on the liver and can significantly ameliorate liver fibrosis in mice.

To explore the mechanism of

pills for treatment of hyperuricemia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

The active ingredients of

pills and their targets of action were predicted using TCMSP, SEA, Swiss and PharmMapper databases. GeneCards and TCD databases were searched for the disease targets related to hyperuricemia. Cytoscape 3.6.1 was used to construct a protein-protein interaction network. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were carried out on the STRING platform. The binding between the main compounds and the key targets were predicted using the SwissDock platform for molecular docking.

We identified 28 active ingredients and 429 potential targets in

pills, 494 disease targets related to hyperuricemia, and 118 common targets between

pills and hyperuricemia. Several key targets including AKT1, IL- 6, JUN, TNF and CASP3 were screened for molecular docking, which had good binding activities with berberrubine, epiberberine, stigmasterol and sitosterol. AKT1, IL-6, JUN, TNF and CASP3 were predicted to be the key targets for

pills for treating hyperuricemia. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that

pills produced therapeutic effects on hyperuricemia through multiple signaling pathways including the TNF signaling pathway, apoptosis signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway.

pills produces therapeutic effects on hyperuricemia through multiple components and targets and the synergy of several pathways. Our finding provides a theoretical basis for further study of the active ingredients and therapeutic mechanism of

pills for treating hyperuricemia.

Simiao pills produces therapeutic effects on hyperuricemia through multiple components and targets and the synergy of several pathways. Our finding provides a theoretical basis for further study of the active ingredients and therapeutic mechanism of Simiao pills for treating hyperuricemia.

To detect cerebrospinal fluid levels of amyloid beta- protein 42 (Aβ42) and neurofilament light protein (NFL) and explore their correlation with postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PNCD) in elderly patients.

A total of 90 elderly patients undergoing hip or knee replacement with joint epidural anesthesia in our Hospital between January, 2017 and December, 2018 were recruited in this study. The levels of Aβ42 and NFL in the cerebrospinal fluid were detected using ELISA. Simple cognitive status assessment scale (MMSE) was used to evaluate the cognitive status of the patients 1 day before and 7 days after the surgery. All the patients underwent neurocognitive function tests, and the z-score method was used to determine the occurrence of PNCD. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of Aβ42 and NFL levels in the cerebrospinal fluid with MMSE scores. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 and NFL levn elderly patients, and their combination has a higher diagnostic value.

Elderly patients with PNCD have significantly higher levels of Aβ42 and NFL in the cerebrospinal fluid than those without PNCD. Both Aβ42 and NFL levels in the cerebrospinal fluid can help to predict the occurrence of POCD in elderly patients, and their combination has a higher diagnostic value.