Svenningsennicolaisen9942

OBJECTIVE This study describes the epidemiologic features of an outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Tianjin caused by a novel coronavirus and provides the scientific basis for prevention and control measures. METHODS Data from COVID-19 cases were collected from daily notifications given to the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and Tianjin Health Committee. All of the data were analyzed with SPSS, version 24.0 software (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY). RESULTS As of February 24, 2020, there have been 135 confirmed cases, 3 deaths, and 87 recoveries in Tianjin, China. The incidence of COVID-19 was 8.65/1 000 000 with a 2.22% case fatality rate. Regarding geographic distribution, the incidence was 8.82 per 1 000 000 in urban areas and 8.00 per 1 000 000 in suburbs. During the early stage of the epidemic, most cases came from urban areas and in patients with a history of sojourning in Hubei Province. The majority of patients were 31-70 years old (75.97%). A familial clustering was the most important characteristic of COVID-19 (accounting for 74.81%). CONCLUSIONS Current information suggests that people are generally susceptible to COVID-19, which has shown a familial clustering in Tianjin.People with severe mental illness (SMI) have numerous risk factors that may predispose them to food insecurity (FI), however the prevalence of FI and its effects on health are under-researched in this population. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of FI and its relationship to lifestyle factors in with SMI. This cross-sectional study recruited people with SMI receiving long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medication from community services at three sites in Sydney, Australia. Assessments were completed on physical health and lifestyle factors. Chi square tests, independent samples t-tests and binary logistic regression analyses were calculated to examine relationships between lifestyle factors and FI. 233 people completed the assessments 154 were male (66%), mean age 44.8 ± 12.7 years, and the majority (70%) had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. FI was present in 104 (45%). People with FI were less likely to consume fruit (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.74, p = 0.003), vegetables (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.69, p = 0.001) and protein-based foods (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.83, p = 0.011) at least once daily, engaged in less moderate to vigorous physical activity (minutes) (OR = 0.997 (95% CI 0.993 to 1.000), p = 0.044), and were more likely to smoke (OR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.32, p = 0.026). FI is highly prevalent among people with SMI receiving LAI antipsychotic medications. Food-insecure people with SMI engage in less healthy lifestyle behaviours, increasing the risk of future non-communicable disease.BACKGROUND The output of many healthy physiological systems displays fractal fluctuations with self-similar temporal structures. Altered fractal patterns are associated with pathological conditions. There is evidence that patients with bipolar disorder have altered daily behaviors. METHODS To test whether fractal patterns in motor activity are altered in patients with bipolar disorder, we analyzed 2-week actigraphy data collected from 106 patients with bipolar disorder type I in a euthymic state, 73 unaffected siblings of patients, and 76 controls. To examine the link between fractal patterns and symptoms, we analyzed 180-day actigraphy and mood symptom data that were simultaneously collected from 14 patients. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients showed excessive regularity in motor activity fluctuations at small time scales (2 h) as quantified by scaling exponent α2. Specifically, female patients and siblings had a smaller α2 compared to female controls, indicating more random activity fluctuations; while male patients had a larger α2 compared to male controls. Interestingly, a higher weekly depression score was associated with a lower α1 in the subsequent week. CONCLUSIONS Our results show sex- and scale-dependent alterations in fractal activity regulation in patients with bipolar disorder. The mechanisms underlying the alterations are yet to be determined.BACKGROUND Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has a major impact on functioning. However, no validated measures of functioning for this population exist. AIMS We aimed to establish the psychometric properties of the 5-item School and Social Adjustment Scale (SSAS) and the 10-item Physical Functioning Subscale of the SF-36 in adolescents with CFS. METHOD Measures were completed by adolescents with CFS (n = 121). RESULTS For the Physical Functioning Subscale, a 2-factor solution provided a close fit to the data. Internal consistency was satisfactory. For the SSAS, a 1-factor solution provided an adequate fit to the data. The internal consistency was satisfactory. Inter-item and item-total correlations did not indicate any problematic items and functioning scores were moderately correlated with other measures of disability, providing evidence of construct validity. CONCLUSION Both measures were found to be reliable and valid and provide brief measures for assessing these important outcomes. The Physical Functioning Subscale can be used as two subscales in adolescents with CFS.BACKGROUND There is a wealth of literature on the observed association between childhood trauma and psychotic illness. However, the relationship between childhood trauma and psychosis is complex and could be explained, in part, by gene-environment correlation. METHODS The association between schizophrenia polygenic scores (PGS) and experiencing childhood trauma was investigated using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Schizophrenia PGS were derived in each cohort for children, mothers, and fathers where genetic data were available. ZD1839 clinical trial Measures of trauma exposure were derived based on data collected throughout childhood and adolescence (0-17 years; ALSPAC) and at age 8 years (MoBa). RESULTS Within ALSPAC, we found a positive association between schizophrenia PGS and exposure to trauma across childhood and adolescence; effect sizes were consistent for both child or maternal PGS. We found evidence of an association between the schizophrenia PGS and the majority of trauma subtypes investigated, with the exception of bullying.