Akhtarherskind8986

Wide local excision constitutes the standard of care for Merkel cell carcinoma, but the optimal margin width remains controversial.

To assess whether narrow margins (0.5-1cm) were associated with outcome.

Patients were recruited from a retrospective French multicentric cohort and included if they had had excision of primary tumor with minimum lateral margins of 0.5cm. Factors associated with mortality and recurrence were assessed by multivariate regression.

Among the 214 patients included, 58 (27.1%) had undergone excision with narrow margins (0.5-1cm) versus 156 (72.9%) with wide margins (>1cm). During a median follow-up of 50.7months, cancer-specific survival did not differ between groups (5-year specific survival rate 76.8% [95% confidence interval 61.7%-91.9%] and 76.2% [95% confidence interval 68.8%-83.6%], respectively). Overall survival, any recurrence-free survival, and local recurrence-free survival did not significantly differ between groups. Cancer-specific mortality was associated with age, male sex, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage III, and presence of positive margins.

Retrospective design, heterogenous baseline characteristics between groups.

Excision with narrow margins was not associated with outcome in this cohort, in which most patients had clear margins and postoperative radiation therapy. Residual tumor, mostly found on deep surgical margins, was independently associated with prognosis.

Excision with narrow margins was not associated with outcome in this cohort, in which most patients had clear margins and postoperative radiation therapy. Residual tumor, mostly found on deep surgical margins, was independently associated with prognosis.Nonlinear microscopy is a technique that utilizes nonlinear interactions between light and matter to image fluorescence and scattering phenomena in biological tissues. Very high peak intensities from focused short pulsed lasers are required for nonlinear excitation due to the extremely low probability of the simultaneous arrival of multiple photons of lower energy to excite fluorophores or interact with selective structures for harmonic generation. Combined with reduced scattering from the utilization of longer wavelengths, the inherent spatial confinement associated with achieving simultaneous arrival of photons within the focal volume enables deep imaging with low out-of-focus background for nonlinear imaging. This review provides an introduction to the different contrast mechanisms available with nonlinear imaging and instrumentation commonly used in nonlinear microscopy. Furthermore, we discuss some recent advances in nonlinear microscopy to extend the imaging penetration depth, conduct histopathological investigations on fresh tissues and examine the molecular order and orientation of molecules using polarization nonlinear microscopy.Ichneumonoidea is one of the most diverse lineages of animals on the planet with >48,000 described species and many more undescribed. Parasitoid wasps of this superfamily are mostly beneficial insects that attack and kill other arthropods and are important for understanding diversification and the evolution of life history strategies related to parasitoidism. Further, some lineages of parasitoids within Ichneumonoidea have acquired endogenous virus elements (EVEs) that are permanently a part of the wasp's genome and benefit the wasp through host immune disruption and behavioral control. Unfortunately, understanding the evolution of viral acquisition, parasitism strategies, diversification, and host immune disruption mechanisms, is deeply limited by the lack of a robust phylogenetic framework for Ichneumonoidea. Here we design probes targeting 541 genes across 91 taxa to test phylogenetic relationships, the evolution of parasitoid strategies, and the utility of probes to capture polydnavirus genes across a divs strategy to be effective for surveying taxa for these viral genes. In total, these data provide a robust framework for the evolution of Ichneumonoidea.

Malvaviscus arboreus is traditionally used in Mexico and Central America for culinary and medicinal purposes. Leaves and flowers of this species are commonly used for preparation of salads, herbal teas and herbal dyes. Panamanian, Guatemalan and Mexican healers use this medicinal plant for the management of fever, respiratory complications, dysentery, liver and gallbladder problems, stomachache and gastritis between other health troubles.

Considering the traditional use of M. arboreous as well as its content in flavonoids and other polyphenols, the objective of this work was to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of an aqueous extract and identify the potential bio-active principles from flowers of this species.

Fresh flowers of Malvaviscus arboreus were collected, dried, and macerated with water. The aqueous extract (ExAq) was partitioned using an immiscible mixture of water and ethyl acetate, giving an aqueous (MaAq) and organic (MaEA) fractions. The gastroprotective effect was carried out using an ekaempferol 3-O-D-sambubioside (2). CompK research buy This mixture of flavonoids (40y 60mg/kg) showed 93.7 and 92% of gastroprotective activity respectively.

This study allowed demonstrating that an aqueous extract and its organic fraction (MaEA) from M. arboreous contain glycosylated flavonoids (1 and 2) which are responsible of the gastroprotective properties of M. arboreous. These results will be used in the future development of a standardized treatment useful in the therapeutic management of gastric ulcers.

This study allowed demonstrating that an aqueous extract and its organic fraction (MaEA) from M. arboreous contain glycosylated flavonoids (1 and 2) which are responsible of the gastroprotective properties of M. arboreous. These results will be used in the future development of a standardized treatment useful in the therapeutic management of gastric ulcers.

Tetrapleura tetraptera is an African medicinal spice used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments including cancer.

The present study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the dichloromethane-methanol (11) extract of the fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera (TTF) and its constituents (3R, 4S)-3,4-dimethyloxetan-2-one (1), luteolin (2), stigmasterol (4), 3-O-[6'-O-undecanoyl-β-

-glucopyranosyl]stigmasterol (6), olean-12-en-3-β-O-

-glucopyranoside (7), 3-O-β-

-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-

-glucopyranosylurs-12-en-28-oic acid (8), 3-O-β-

-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-

-glucopyranosyl-27-hydroxyolean-12-ene-28-oic acid (9), methyl-O-β-

-glucopyranoside (10), β-

-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-β-

-glucopyranoside (11) towards a panel of cancer cell lines including MDR phenotypes. The cellular mode of induction of apoptosis by TTF and compound 7 was further investigated.

The resazurin reduction assay (RRA) was applied to determine the cytotoxicity of the studied samples. The cell cycle (PI staining), apoptosis (annexin V/PI staining), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; JC-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS; H

DCFH-DA) were measured by flow cytometry.