Postmccall0187

Objective The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate and compare the outcomes in patients undergoing pharyngeal closure with the linear stapler and suture techniques after total laryngectomy. Methods Forty-one patients who needed total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups according to the pharyngeal closure technique the linear stapler group (Group A) and the suture closure group (Group B). Rate of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF), nasogastric tube (NGT) removal time and pharyngeal closure time were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results PCF developed in three patients in Group A (14.3%) and in seven patients in Group B (35%). Although the rate of PCF was lower in Group A, this did not represent a statistical difference (p0.129). Median NGT removal time was 12 days (IQR=3) and 19.5 days (IQR=1) in Groups A and B, respectively. Median NGT removal time was not statistically different between the two groups (p0.642). All patients were able to swallow liquids and solids without difficulty. Median pharyngeal closure time was 3 minutes (IQR=1) and 37.5 minutes (IQR=9) in Groups A and B, respectively. Median pharyngeal closure time was significantly lower in Group A (p0.00). Conclusion The linear stapler technique in total laryngectomy is a reliable, safe, easy-to-apply and time-saving method. Closure with linear stapler significantly reduces pharyngeal closure time without adverse effect on NGT removal times and PCF rates. L-Ornithine L-aspartate supplier © Copyright 2019 by Official Journal of the Turkish Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery.Objective Today, antibiotic resistance is increasing and evolving into an important health problem. Therefore, it is important to research on alternative therapies to antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of four garlic derivatives on microorganisms commonly isolated in ear infections. Methods The antimicrobial activities of allicin, s-allyl cysteine (SAC), diallyl disulfide (DADS), and s-allyl mercaptocysteine (SAMC) were investigated on standard strains of commonly isolated microorganisms using the broth microdilution method. The test strains were selected among the microorganisms responsible for chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa. These microorganisms were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. Results Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of allicin and SAC ranged from 0.125 to 20 μg/mL for fermentative bacteria (E. coli and K. pneumoniae), 20 to 80 μg/mL for non-fermentative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii), 5 to 10 μg/mL for gram-positive cocci (S. aureus and E. faecium), and 40 to 80 μg/mL for yeasts (C. albicans and C. tropicalis). MIC values of DADS ranged from 40 to 80 μg/mL for fermentative bacteria, 40 to 160 μg/mL for non-fermentative bacteria, 40 to 80 μg/mL for gram-positive cocci, and 20 to 40 μg/mL for yeasts. The MICs of SAMC were >640 μg/mL for the tested bacteria and yeasts. Conclusion Both allicin and SAC showed antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, even at low concentrations. These two derivatives may be used to treat infections in the future. © Copyright 2019 by Official Journal of the Turkish Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery.Purpose Even though the use of full ceramic crowns have become a well-established practice in dental clinics compare to the last decade, the use of imported casted porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFMs) crowns is still prevalent. The use of imported PFMs is often economically driven; however, when dentists order PFMs, they do not have capabilities to examine its true alloy content. Therefore, we raise the questions whether cheaper imported PFMs have more discrepancies in alloy content compared to domestically produced PFMs? Materials and Methods This study included 62 porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns 41 produced in Norway and 21 imported. Their alloy-composition was determined non-destructively by EDX and SEM. Results and Conclusions Imported PFMs demonstrated larger deviations compared with non-imported PFMs. Significant deviation was found in key metallic elements in the different alloys (W, In, Pd, Ag). The detected deviations in key element such as Wolfram and Indium could influence the PFMs service time. These finding may be of international concern. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Objectives To investigate temperature changes in various test specimens during thermal cycling and to evaluate difference in micro-tensile repair bond strength in specimens cut from the inner or the outer area of composite blocks after thermal cycling. Materials and methods Four rectangular composite blocks of various sizes were fabricated, and thermocouples placed in the centre of the specimens or halfway from the surface to the centre. Composite cylinders were made on ground flat extracted molars, as intended for micro-tensile and shear bond testing, with a thermocouple placed at the centre of the cylinder radius between composite and dentin. The specimens were thermal cycled between 5 °C and 55 °C with 20-60 s dwell times. The highest and lowest temperatures in the test specimens were recorded. Composite blocks were fabricated and stored in water for a week and then repaired with the same composite. After thermal cycling (5000×, 5 °C and 55 °C with a 20 s dwell time), test specimens were cut for micro-tensile testing. Results None of the specimens tested reached the cold and warm water bath temperatures after a 20 s dwell time. In the smallest composite block, the centre core temperature reached 5 °C and 55 °C after 40 s dwell time, but lacked 1 °C after 60 s in the largest block. None of the specimens involving teeth reached water temperatures. The micro-tensile repair strength was significantly different between the outer and the central cut rods (p  less then  .05). Conclusions The most commonly used dwell times for thermal cycling are insufficient to create a homogeneous temperature change. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.