Alstrupsilva8889

BACKGROUND Infections account for about 15% of human cancers globally. Although abnormal hematologic profiles and bone marrow suppression are common in patients with dengue, whether dengue is associated with a higher risk of leukemia has not been investigated. METHODS We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study by analyzing the National Health Insurance Research Databases in Taiwan. Laboratory-confirmed dengue patients between 2002 and 2011 were identified; five matched non-dengue controls were randomly selected for each patient. Follow-up ended on December 31, 2015. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to evaluate the effect of dengue virus infection on the risk of leukemia. Cancers other than leukemia were used as falsification endpoints to evaluate the validity of this study. RESULTS We identified 12,573 patients with dengue and 62,865 non-dengue controls. Patients with dengue had a higher risk of leukemia [adjusted HR, 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16-3.53]. Stratified analyses by different follow-up periods showed that dengue virus infection was significantly associated with a higher risk of leukemia only between 3 and 6 years after infection (adjusted HR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.25-8.32). There was no significant association between dengue and the risk of other cancers. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first epidemiologic evidence for the association between dengue virus infection and leukemia. IMPACT Considering the rapidly increasing global incidence of dengue and the burden of leukemia, further studies are required to verify this association and to unravel the potential mechanisms of pathogenesis. ©2020 American Association for Cancer Research.Liver organogenesis and development are composed of a series of complex, well-orchestrated events. Identifying key factors and pathways governing liver development will help elucidate the physiological and pathological processes including those of cancer. We conducted multidimensional omics measurements including protein, mRNA, and transcription factor (TF) DNA-binding activity for mouse liver tissues collected from embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) to postnatal week 8 (W8), encompassing major developmental stages. These data sets reveal dynamic changes of core liver functions and canonical signaling pathways governing development at both mRNA and protein levels. The TF DNA-binding activity data set highlights the importance of TF activity in early embryonic development. A comparison between mouse liver development and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proteomic profiles reveal that more aggressive tumors are characterized with the activation of early embryonic development pathways, whereas less aggressive ones maintain liver function-related pathways that are elevated in the mature liver. This work offers a panoramic view of mouse liver development and provides a rich resource to explore in-depth functional characterization. © 2020 Gong et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.Understanding the genetic basis for a phenotype is a central goal in biological research. Much has been learnt about bacterial genomes by creating large mutant libraries and looking for conditionally important genes. However, current genome-wide methods are largely unable to assay essential genes which are not amenable to disruption. To overcome this limitation, we developed a new version of "TraDIS" (transposon directed insertion-site sequencing) that we term "TraDIS-Xpress" that combines an inducible promoter into the transposon cassette. This allows controlled overexpression and repression of all genes owing to saturation of inserts adjacent to all open reading frames as well as conventional inactivation. We applied TraDIS-Xpress to identify responses to the biocide triclosan across a range of concentrations. Triclosan is endemic in modern life, but there is uncertainty about its mode of action with a concentration-dependent switch from bacteriostatic to bactericidal action unexplained. Our results show a concentration-dependent response to triclosan with different genes important in survival between static and cidal exposures. These genes include those previously reported to have a role in triclosan resistance as well as a new set of genes, including essential genes. Novel genes identified as being sensitive to triclosan exposure include those involved in barrier function, small molecule uptake, and integrity of transcription and translation. We anticipate the approach we show here, by allowing comparisons across multiple experimental conditions of TraDIS data, and including essential genes, will be a starting point for future work examining how different drug conditions impact bacterial survival mechanisms. © 2020 Yasir et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.In Europe, lung cancer ranks third among the most common cancers, remaining the biggest killer. Since the publication of the first European Society of Radiology and European Respiratory Society joint white paper on lung cancer screening (LCS) in 2015, many new findings have been published and discussions have increased considerably. Thus, this updated expert opinion represents a narrative, non-systematic review of the evidence from LCS trials and description of the current practice of LCS as well as aspects that have not received adequate attention until now. Reaching out to the potential participants (persons at high risk), optimal communication and shared decision-making will be key starting points. Furthermore, standards for infrastructure, pathways and quality assurance are pivotal, including promoting tobacco cessation, benefits and harms, overdiagnosis, quality, minimum radiation exposure, definition of management of positive screen results and incidental findings linked to respective actions as well asd with the journal styles. ©European Society of Radiology and European Respiratory Society 2020.Aminophospholipid ATPases (ALAs) are lipid flippases involved in transporting specific lipids across membrane bilayers. Arabidopsis thaliana contains 12 ALAs in five phylogenetic clusters, including four in cluster 3 (ALA4, -5, -6, and -7). ALA4/5 and ALA6/7 are expressed primarily in vegetative tissues and pollen, respectively. selleck chemical Previously, a double knockout (KO) of ALA6/7 was shown to result in pollen fertility defects. Here we show that a double KO of ALA4/5 results in dwarfism, characterized by reduced growth in rosettes (6.5-fold), roots (4.3-fold), bolts (4.5-fold), and hypocotyls (2-fold). Reduced cell size was observed for multiple vegetative cell types, suggesting a role for ALA4/5 in cellular expansion. Members of the 3rd ALA cluster are at least partially interchangeable, as transgenes expressing ALA6 in vegetative tissues partially rescued ala4/5 mutant phenotypes, and expression of ALA4 transgenes in pollen fully rescued ala6/7 mutant fertility defects. ALA4-GFP displayed plasma membrane (PM) and endomembrane localization patterns when imaged in both guard cells and pollen.