Meyersaguilar8064

9mL 95%CI -9.2, -0.6 and FVC -5.2mL 95%CI -9.8, -0.5 per doubling of pollen count). Acute grass pollen exposure was associated with increased airway inflammation in all children, with higher FeNO increases in children living in green areas. In contrast acute birch pollen exposure was associated with reduced lung function only in children sensitised to birch allergens.

This study provides suggestive evidence that early pollen exposure has a negative effect on later lung function, which is in turn influenced by acute pollen exposures.

This study provides suggestive evidence that early pollen exposure has a negative effect on later lung function, which is in turn influenced by acute pollen exposures.Dihydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (diOH-PBDEs) appear to be natural products or metabolites of PBDEs in some marine organisms, yet its toxicity is still largely unknown. With a newly lab-synthesized diOH-PBDE, 6,6'-dihydroxy-2,2',4'4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (6,6'-diOH-BDE-47) in hand, the present study has provided the first data set to compare 6-hydroxy-2,2',4'4'- tetrabromodiphenyl ether (6-OH-BDE-47) and 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47 for their acute toxicity and accumulation, and thyroid hormone levels in treated zebrafish larvae. By real time-PCR technique, transcripts of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis associated genes were also investigated in developing larvae at 96 h post fertilization (96 hpf). Apparently, 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47 was less toxic than that of 6-OH-BDE-47 1) the 96-h LC50 (96-h median lethal concentration) of 6-OH-BDE-47 and 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47 were 235 nM and 516 nM, respectively; 2) although severe developmental delays and morphological deformities were observed in zebrafish larvae in high exposure doses, at the exposure concentration of 1-50 nM, the accumulated 6-OH-BDE-47 and 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47 is ranged between 226-2279 nmol/g and 123-539 nmol/g in treated larvae; and 3) for 6-OH-BDE-47, its bioconcentration factor (BCF) were 1.83- to 4.30-fold more than that of 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47, suggesting that the lower internal exposure concentration of 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47 may lead to lower toxicity. The increased thyroid hormone levels were recorded for 1 nM of 6-OH-BDE-47 and 20 nM of 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47, and the exposures both significantly increased thyroid gland-specific transcription of thyroglobulin gene, indicating an adverse effect associated with the HPT axis. Therefore, 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47, with lower toxicity compared to that of 6-OH-BDE-47, still possesses hazards and environmental risk.The potent environmental toxicant aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), is a group I carcinogen reported to induce the expression of many cancer associated proteins. Epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications play vital role in AFB1-mediated carcinogenesis. These epigenetic modifications may result in the recruitment of specific proteins and transcription factors to the promoter region and regulate gene expression. Here we show that AFB1, at lower concentrations (100 and 1000 nM) induced proliferation in L-132 and HaCaT cells with activation of the Akt pathway, which ultimately steered abnormal proliferation and transmission of survival signals. We demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression of p21 with a remarkable increase in the expression of cyclin D1 that correlated with increased methylation of CpG dinucleotides in p21 proximal promoter, while cyclin D1 promoter remained unmethylated. The chromatin immunoprecipitation results revealed the enrichment of DNMT3a and H3K27me3 repressive marks on the p21 proximal promoter where EZH2 mediated H3K27me3 mark enhanced the binding of DNMT3a at the promoter and further contributed to the transcriptional inactivation. The overall study provided the novel information on the impact of AFB1 on p21 inactivation via EZH2 and promoter methylation which is known to be a vital process in proliferation. Furthermore, AFB1 induced the expression of EZH2 analogue protein E(z), cyclin D1 analogue cyclin D and decreased the expression of p21 analogue Dacapo in Drosophila melanogaster. L-Arginine Interestingly, the aggressiveness in their expression upon re-exposure in successive generations suggested first hand perspectives on multigenerational epigenetic memory.Biochar has been proposed as a suitable biostimulant for the remediation of hydrocarbon contamination, and also has the potential to act as a carrier for hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms which could bioaugment endogenous microbial communities. However, the evidence regarding the biostimulatory effects of biochars on hydrocarbon bioremediation is somewhat equivocal, possibly due to variability of the physicochemical properties of biochar and soil across studies. Here, we use standard biochars with defined properties produced from softwood pellets (SWP) and rice husk (RH) at pyrolysis temperatures of 550 °C or 700 °C to test the effects of biochar amendment on microbial community composition and hydrocarbon degradation in soil microcosms contaminated with diesel oil. Combining this approach for the first time with specific analysis of microbial community composition using amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), we find that oil contamination causes extreme short-term loss of soil microbial diversity, and highly-spdrocarbon degrading bacteria is a promising strategy for bioaugmentation of diesel-contaminated soils.The main hypothesis of this study was that the microplastic (MP) concentration would be higher in the city centre. The MP ( less then 5 mm) abundance and distribution in the urbanized section of the Vistula River were examined. Samples were collected from three different sites 1) the less urbanized part of the city, 2) the area close to the tributary outlet and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), and 3) the city centre. The abundance of MPs in water ranged from 1.6 to 2.55 items L-1, whereas in the sediments, it varied from 190 to 580 items kg-1. The highest MP concentration was observed in the water collected in the city centre. However, in the case of sediments, the most polluted sample was collected from a sampling point located near the WWTP and tributary outlet. The diversity of the MPs abundance along the river was associated with the hydrological and sedimentological conditions, which was confirmed by the grain size analysis of sediments. The dominant type of MPs in both the water and sediment samples was fibre.