Lassiterpearson6026
Knowledge of the deficits underlying handgrip performance is fundamental for the development of targeted interventions.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate maximal handgrip strength, fatigue resistance, grip work, and muscle fatigue in mildly affected stroke persons.
We conducted a prospective observational study. A total of 20 individuals after a first unilateral ischemic/hemorrhagic chronic stroke (months poststroke mean 33.64±19.60), mildly affected according to functional score (FIM 112.71±16.14) and with arm motor impairment (upper-extremity Fugl-Meyer score mean 57.07±7.82 on the contralesional side); and 20 sex and age-matched controls were included. The outcomes assessed were maximal handgrip strength evaluated through maximal voluntary contraction, fatigue resistance defined as the seconds during which grip strength dropped to 50% of its maximum and gripwork, which was calculated using the equation grip work=maximal grip strength * 0.75 * fatigue resistance. Muscle fatigue was assessed using surface electromyography during a sustained contraction over 50% of maximal voluntary contraction.
Persons with stroke demonstrated significantly reduced handgrip performance regarding maximal handgrip strength, resistance to fatigue, grip work, and muscle fatigue for the contralesional hand. In addition, a reduced grip resistance and muscle fatigue was shown for the ipsilesional hand compared with controls. We found no effect of the hemispheric side of the lesion on the grip performance measures assessed.
Our findings provide evidence that handgrip performance remain impaired after 6months after stroke, and may serve as a target for interventions to improve these abilities after stroke.
Our findings provide evidence that handgrip performance remain impaired after 6 months after stroke, and may serve as a target for interventions to improve these abilities after stroke.This study examined effective strategies to communicate with parent smokers about the risks of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure to children. An online, between-subjects experimental survey was administered via TurkPrime Panels to recruit participants (N = 623) comprising adult smokers living with children (aged 0-15). Participants were assigned to messages conditions that differed by message recommendation (cessation; cessation+exposure reduction) and format (video; text-only) or to a no-message control. Participants in a message condition viewed a message, and all participants responded to questions about their perceptions and intentions. Parent smokers who viewed either message recommendation reported greater harm perceptions (p less then .001), self-efficacy (p less then .001), and help-seeking intentions (p less then .05) than the no-message control group. Cessation+exposure reduction recommendations elicited greater quit intentions than the no-message control (p less then .05). Compared to text-only, videos elicited greater reduce-exposure intentions (p less then .05) and interpersonal communication intentions (p less then .05). Only videos elicited greater quit intentions (p less then .01) and help-seeking intentions (p less then .01) than the no-message control. Communication about this topic can be optimized by recommending both cessation and exposure-reduction behaviors (versus cessation only), and by using videos (versus traditional print/text-based materials).
In prostate cancer , there has recently been an emerging interest in mutations in genes belonging to the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway and in the inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins.
Mutations in the HRR genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, and Ataxia-Telangiesctasia mutated (ATM), have been reported in prostate cancer, with different incidence in the localized and advanced settings. The PARP enzyme complex is involved in repair of DNA damage and its inhibition causes the accumulation of DNA mutations in HRR deficient cells. Several PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are under development, such as olaparib, talazoparib, niraparib, rucaparib, and veliparib. In metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), olaparib has been the most studied and its clinical efficacy has been validated in a phase III clinical trial. Rucaparib and niraparib have also shown promising results in the preliminary analyzes of two phase II trials, while talazoparib is currently under development.
PARPi have become part of the treatment of mCRPC. Early results of combination therapy with PARPi and new hormonal therapy are promising and are supported by a strong biological rationale. Current results need to be validated in randomized phase III-controlled trials in order to translate the use of PARPi into real world practice.
PARPi have become part of the treatment of mCRPC. Early results of combination therapy with PARPi and new hormonal therapy are promising and are supported by a strong biological rationale. Current results need to be validated in randomized phase III-controlled trials in order to translate the use of PARPi into real world practice.
mutations are commonly found in melanoma and thyroid cancers and to a lesser degree in other tumor types. Subprotocol H (EAY131-H) of the NCI-MATCH platform trial sought to investigate the selective BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib and the MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib in patients with solid tumors, lymphomas, or multiple myeloma whose tumors harbored a
mutation.
EAY131-H is an open-label, single-arm study. Patients with melanoma, thyroid, or colorectal cancer were excluded; patients with non-small-cell lung cancer were later excluded in an amendment. Patients received dabrafenib 150 mg twice per day and trametinib 2 mg per day continuously until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary end point was centrally assessed objective response rate (ORR); secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), 6-month PFS, and overall survival.
Thirty-five patients were enrolled, and 29 were included in the primary efficacy analysis as prespecified in the protocol. Median age was 59 years, aBRAFV600-mutated tumors outside of currently approved indications.Betge, Stefan, Stefan Drinda, Thomas Neumann, Laura Bäz, Alexander Pfeil, Christian Schulze, Ralf Mrowka, Christian Jung, and Marcus Franz. Influence of macitentan on the vascular tone and recruitment of finger capillaries under hypobaric hypoxia in high altitude. High Alt Med Biol. 21336-345, 2020. Introduction Acute normobaric (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) has effects on the vascular tone of larger arteries and may have effects on the microcirculation. These effects may be noninvasively detectable by automated devices. #link# A part of these effects may be mediated by endothelin (ET) and should be influenced by macitentan (MAC), a dual endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA). Methods We used photoplethysmographic sensors, fingertip volume sensors, nailfold capillaroscopy, and laser Doppler probes at rest and after a 5-minute forearm ischemia in healthy study subjects under NH, under HH, and under HH plus a single dose of MAC. Results NH at simulated 4000 m led to increased heart rates (HR) and pulse wave velocitiesET-1 for the regulation of the microcirculation under hypoxia. The German Registry of Clinical Studies (DRKS) ID 00005459.
Childhood cancer patients experience a challenging reentry to social activities after diagnosis. link2 This study aims to generate knowledge about the challenges experienced by childhood cancer patients with peers during and after treatment.
This study is a qualitative mixed study.
The study included 70 children - 34 boys and 36 girls - aged 3 to 17 years who are affiliated with a pediatric oncology unit in Denmark.
Childhood cancer patients experience two types of exclusion (1) unavoidable diagnosis-related exclusion and (2) person-based exclusion from teachers, peers, and peers' parents. Person-based exclusion is manifested through the perceived insecurity of peers, misconceptions, and bullying. The impact and degree of these interactions partly depend on the patients' social affiliation prior to cancer.
There is a need to understand the exclusion experiences of childhood cancer patients and identify particularly vulnerable children to reduce the self-reported impact of person-based exclusion.
There is a need to understand the exclusion experiences of childhood cancer patients and identify particularly vulnerable children to reduce the self-reported impact of person-based exclusion.Importance The free functional gracilis flap (FFGF) is a versatile procedure in reanimating the paralyzed face, yet its application in seniors is limited by perceptions of morbidity and inefficacy. Objective The study objective was to compare the morbidity and effectiveness of FFGF reanimation among senior and younger patients. Design, Setting, and Participants A retrospective chart review was performed on 20 consecutive patients aged 60 years and above (seniors) and 35 patients aged 40 years and below (juniors) who underwent FFGF for facial reanimation. Among this group, 16 senior and 22 junior patients with available long-term follow-up data were analyzed for functional outcomes. Main Outcomes and Measures The length of postoperative stay and postoperative complications were compared with assess immediate results. link3 A second analysis for functional outcomes was assessed by resting and smile facial asymmetry index (FAI), as well as maxillary dental display to compare facial tone and lip excursion. Results The average age of seniors was 67 ± 5 years and that of juniors was 27 ± 10 years. Mean lengths of postoperative stay were 4 ± 2 versus 3 ± 1 days in seniors versus Juniors, respectively (p = 0.16). There were no intraoperative complications and postoperative complications in one (5%) senior and four (11%) juniors (p = 0.64). There was functional muscle recovery in all cases, with more pronounced correction of both resting (Δ3.0 mm vs. Δ2.4 mm, p = 0.66) and dynamic (Δ5.2 mm vs. Δ4.2 mm, p = 0.37) FAI in seniors than in juniors. Among patients who underwent a multivector FGFF, there was an additional three versus one visualized maxillary teeth (p = 0.03) in seniors versus juniors, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance The FFGF is effective for facial reanimation among seniors and can be performed with minimal morbidity. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/astx660.html should not preclude the application of the FFGF in seniors with a preference for more dynamic options.Background Positive-pressure dry powder inhalers (DPIs) have recently been developed that in combination with highly dispersible spray-dried powder formulations can achieve high efficiency aerosolization with low actuation air-volumes (AAVs). The objective of this study was to initially develop the positive-pressure air-jet DPI platform for high efficiency aerosol delivery to newborn infants by using the nose-to-lung route. Methods Aerosolization performance metrics of six air-jet DPIs were first assessed at AAVs that were consistent with full-term (30 mL) and preterm (10 mL) neonates. Designs of the air-jet DPIs varied based on geometry of the inlet and outlet flow passages and shape of the aerosolization chamber. Aerosolization metrics evaluated at the device outlet were emitted dose (ED) and mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD). Designs with the best aerosolization performance were connected to a smoothly expanding nasal interface and full-term infant (3550 g) nose-throat (NT) model with tracheal filter.
