Katzstephenson5834

Background Drug resistance and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy continue to be significant problems in the successful treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). 5,7-Dibromo-N-alkylisatins, a class of potent microtubule destabilizers, are a promising alternative to traditionally used antimitotics with previous demonstrated efficacy against solid tumours in vivo and ability to overcome P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated drug resistance in lymphoma and sarcoma cell lines in vitro. In this study, three di-brominated N-alkylisatins were assessed for their ability to retain potency in vincristine (VCR) and 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) resistant ALL cell lines. For the first time, in vitro neurotoxicity was also investigated in order to establish their suitability as candidate drugs for future use in ALL treatment. BTK inhibitor Methods Vincristine resistant (CEM-VCR R) and 2-methoxyestradiol resistant (CEM/2ME2-28.8R) ALL cell lines were used to investigate the ability of N-alkylisatins to overcome chemoresistance. Intetoxic towards differentiated SH-SY5Y cells than VCR and vinblastine, evidenced by increased neurite length and number of neurite branch points. Neuronal cells treated with 5,7-dibromo-N-(p-hydroxymethylbenzyl)isatin showed significantly higher voltage-gated sodium channel function than those treated with Vinca alkaloids, strongly supportive of continued action potential firing. Conclusions The N-alkylisatins are able to retain cytotoxicity towards ALL cell lines with functionally distinct drug resistance mechanisms and show potential for reduced neurotoxicity. As such they pose as promising candidates for future implementation into anticancer regimes for ALL. Further in vivo studies are therefore warranted.Background Nestin has been revealed to promote tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis of breast cancer. Although the prognostic and clinicopathological impact of nestin expression on breast cancer patients has been assessed in several independent studies, their results remained conflicting. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to elucidate the prognostic and clinicopathological association of nestin expression with breast cancer. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wangfang Data. The statistical analysis was conducted using Stata 15.0 and Review Manager 5.3. Results A total of 15 studies with 6066 breast cancer patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results indicated that positive expression of nestin was significantly associated with reduced breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS, univariate analysis, HR = 2.11, 95% atures and tumor angiogenesis of breast cancer. Therefore, nestin is a promising therapeutic target for malignant breast cancer, especially for TNBC and basal-like phenotype.Background Clinical dishonesty is a complex problem that threatens the health and safety of patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical dishonesty and perceived clinical stress in nursing students. Method This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 395 nursing students from 4 nursing colleges. The data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, Nursing Student's Perception of Clinical Stressors, and a 12-item researcher-made questionnaire to evaluate the frequency of clinical dishonesty in the previous semester, the frequency of witnessing dishonest behavior among peers, and the perceived severity of unethical behavior. Results In this study, 89.1% of the students stated that they had committed at least one dishonest clinical behavior in the previous semester. The frequency of clinical dishonesty was significantly correlated with the frequency of observing dishonesty among peers (r = 0.053, p less then 0.01), perceived severity of unethical behavior (r = - 0.4, p less then 0.01), and perceived stress of students in the clinical setting (r = 0.28, p less then 0.01). Moreover, there were significant differences in the frequency of clinical dishonesty by gender (p = 0.006), the interest in the field of study (p = 0.004), and academic year (p = 0.002). Conclusion The frequency of clinical dishonesty among nursing students is high and needs attention. Furthermore, considering the positive relationship between dishonesty and perceived clinical stress, it is essential to teach effective strategies to nursing students to empower them to cope with clinical stress.Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) has increased dramatically in Western countries, including the UK, over the past 30 years. It usually presents de novo, but is often preceded by Barrett's oesophagus (BO), a premalignant condition whereby the normal squamous epithelium is replaced by columnar lined epithelium with intestinal metaplasia. The main risk factors for BO include male sex, obesity and chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux of acid and bile. The estimated annual risk of BO progression is 0.3%, increasing substantially, up to 30%, when dysplasia is present. Endoscopic surveillance is recommended to detect neoplastic changes at an early stage and considerable evidence supports endoscopic treatment for confirmed low- and high-grade dysplasia, and intramucosal adenocarcinoma. Most OACs are diagnosed at a more advanced stage requiring CT-PET assessment and multi-modal treatment. Surgical treatment is performed in specialist centres, increasingly combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy, involving close liaison between members of the multidisciplinary team. Molecular targeted therapies, such as HER2 and VEGFR-inhibitors, are beginning to penetrate clinical practice, but high molecular heterogeneity has impeded progress. In view of the overall dismal survival ( less then 20%) for advanced OAC, there is renewed interest in screening techniques for early detection and intervention of dysplastic BO.Background Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infectious disease, and Toxoplasma gondii is the causative factor of this intracellular protozoan disease. Due to the lack of information about the rate of T. gondii in general papulation of Markazi Province in Iran, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and the related risk factor analysis in the general population of Markazi Province. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed within 6 months on individuals who were referred to diagnostic laboratories in Markazi Province. The demographic and background information of the subjects were collected using a questionnaire. Three milliliters of blood samples was collected from the participants under sterile conditions. The sera were separated and evaluated for levels of anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS software using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results Out of 824 people from the general population of Markazi Province who were investigated in this study, 276 (33.