Ibsenfernandez1037

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2020.BACKGROUND Metastasis and chemoresistance indicate a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, the mechanisms that lead to the development of chemoresistance and metastasis in CRC remain unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS We combined clinical and experimental studies to determine the role of MIR600HG in CRC metastasis and chemoresistance. The statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism software, version 8.0. RESULTS We detected downregulated expression of lncRNA MIR600HG in CRC specimens and cell lines compared to normal controls, and the expression level of MIR600HG was inversely correlated with the overall survival of CRC patients. The inhibition of MIR600HG stimulated CRC cell metastasis and chemoresistance. In addition, our data showed that the inhibition of MIR600HG stimulated CRC stemness, while the overexpression of MIR600HG suppressed stemness. Importantly, our animal experiments showed that MIR600HG inhibited tumour formation and that the combination of MIR600HG inhibition and oxaliplatin treatment significantly inhibited tumour growth compared to that with either intervention alone. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MIR600HG exerts its anticancer role by targeting ALDH1A3 in CRC. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MIR600HG functions as a tumour suppressor and that the overexpression of MIR600HG inhibits tumour invasion and enhances chemosensitivity, providing a new strategy for CRC treatment. Copyright 2020 The Author(s).BACKGROUND The current approach to measuring hand hygiene (HH) relies on human auditors who capture less than 1% of HH opportunities and rapidly become recognized by staff, resulting in inflation in performance. Group electronic monitoring is a validated method of measuring HH adherence but data demonstrating the clinical impact of this technology are lacking. METHODS A stepped-wedge cluster randomised quality improvement study was performed on 26 inpatient medical and surgical units across five acute care hospitals in Ontario, Canada. The intervention involved daily HH reporting as measured by group electronic monitoring to guide unit-led improvement strategies. The primary outcome was monthly HH adherence (percentage) between baseline and intervention. Secondary outcomes included transmission of antibiotic resistant organisms such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other healthcare-associated infections. RESULTS After adjusting for the correlation within inpatient units and hospitals, there was a significant overall improvement in HH adherence associated with the intervention (IRR 1.73, 95% CI, 1.47-1.99; p less then 0.0001). Monthly HH adherence relative to the intervention increased from 29% (1395450/4544144) to 37% (598035/1536643) within 1-month, followed by consecutive incremental increases up to 53% (804108/1515537) by 10-months (p less then 0.0001). There was a trend toward reduced healthcare-associated transmission of MRSA (0.74, 95% CI, 0.53-1.04; p=0.08). CONCLUSIONS The introduction of a system for group electronic monitoring led to rapid, significant improvements in HH performance within a two-year period. This method offers significant advantages over direct observation for measurement and improvement of HH. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.The rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax (F.), is the most important pest of headed rice, Oryza sativa L., in the United States. Numerous studies have attempted to quantify the impact of O. pugnax feeding on rice yield and grain quality, but these studies have often produced conflicting results. selleck chemical Across mid-south U.S. rice, thresholds based on sweep net sampling are used to determine the need for insecticide applications, but few studies have related sweep net captures to rice quality parameters. Field trials were conducted in Louisiana in 2015 and 2016 that used different rates of insecticides to establish rice plots with mean O. pugnax infestations ranging from 0.8 to 24.6 insects per 10 sweeps. Insecticide applications improved panicle weight and head yields as well as decreased percentage peck. A series of linear regressions examined relationships between O. pugnax captures and rice yield and quality parameters, including panicle weight, head yield (% whole kernels), and peck (discolored grains). Mean O. pugnax sweep net captures across all sampling dates in both years were significantly and negatively correlated to panicle weight and head yield and positively correlated to percentage peck. Peck was negatively correlated with head yield. Results from sampling at different maturity stages indicate sweep net captures at grain fill and soft dough stages had the greatest influence on rice yield and quality parameters, respectively. Further research into impacts of milling quality reductions on farm revenue and the influence of cumulative infestations over grain development is needed to improve economic thresholds for O. pugnax in rice. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD) affects over one-third of people living with HIV. Nonetheless, the natural history of HIV-associated NAFLD is poorly understood, including which patients are most likely to have a progressive disease course. METHODS We leveraged a randomized trial of the growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue tesamorelin to treat NAFLD in HIV. Sixty-one participants with HIV-associated NAFLD were randomized to tesamorelin or placebo for 12 months. Participants underwent liver biopsy at baseline and 12 months with histologic evaluation performed by an expert pathologist blinded to treatment. RESULTS In all participants with baseline biopsies (n=58), 43% had hepatic fibrosis. Individuals with fibrosis had higher NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) (3.6±2.0 vs. 2.0±0.8, P less then 0.0001) and visceral fat content (284±91 cm2 vs. 212±95 cm2, P=0.005), but no difference in hepatic fat or BMI. Among placebo-treated participants with paired biopsies (n=24), 38% had hepatic fibrosis progression over 12 months.