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Our novel protocol of tissue culture may be applicable for eye banks to optimize corneal grafting. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Small open reading frames (sORFs) which are translate to small peptides (100 amino acids or fewer in length) have been always excluded from genome annotations. VX-745 price In recent years, more and more biologically significant sORFs have been discovered to encode functional peptides or play regulatory roles on mRNA translation. In plants, an evolutionarily ancient micro-peptide, AtLURE1, promotes and maintains reproductive isolation through accelerating conspecific pollen tube penetration (Zhong et al., 2019); The sORFs in the 5' UTR of mRNA, usually named as upstream ORFs (uORFs), were reported to mediate translational regulation of their downstream main ORFs (mORFs) (Xu et al., 2017). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) may play a role in the pathogenesis of extra-intestinal disorders including dermatological diseases. AIMS This study aimed to assess the levels of H pylori antigen and antibody in patients with acne vulgaris (AV). METHODS This cross-sectional study compared the levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibody in 100 patients with AV and 100 age and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Patients with AV were classified into mild, moderate, and severe according to the Global Acne Grading Scale. Levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibodies were assessed using commercially available enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay. RESULTS The patients with severe AV had significantly higher levels of fecal H pylori antigen as compared to the patients with mild AV, moderate AV, and healthy controls (P  less then  .001). The patients with severe AV had significantly higher serum H pylori antibody as compared to the patients with mild AV, moderate AV, and healthy controls (P = .001). The levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibody in the patients with mild AV were not significantly different from those in the patients with moderate AV (P = .49 and P = .05, respectively). CONCLUSION The patients with severe AV had higher levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibody as compared to the patients with mild and moderate AV and with healthy controls. The indicators of H pylori infection were positively correlated with the severity and duration of AV. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Racial disparities in COVID-19 infection rates and disease severity are due to a multifactorial etiology that can include socioeconomic as well as other factors. Nevertheless, genetic factors in different ethnic groups often contribute to disease severity and treatment response. In particular, the frequency of genetic variations in the androgen receptor differs by ethnicity and gender. For example, the increased prevalence of prostate cancer and androgenetic alopecia among African Americans correlates with the frequency of these variants. In this communication, we propose that androgens may be implicated in COVID-19 disease severity. As such, special attention may need to be given to African Americans infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Finally, if a link to genetic variations in the androgen receptor and COVID-19 disease severity can be established, it would suggest new treatment options. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In this pooled analysis of 7 multicenter cohorts we investigated potential differences in the incidence, characteristics and outcomes between intracranial hemorrhages (ICHs) associated with the use of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOAC-ICH) or vitamin K antagonists (VKA-ICH) in ischemic stroke (IS) patients after oral anticoagulant treatment initiation for atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS We included data from 4.912 eligible AF patients who were admitted in a stroke unit with IS or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and who were treated with either VKAs or NOACs within 3 months post-stroke. Fatal ICH was defined as death occurring during the first 30-days after ICH onset. We additionally performed a meta-analysis of available observational studies reporting 30-day mortality rates from NOAC-ICH or VKA-ICH onset. RESULTS During 5970 patient-years of follow-up 71 participants had an ICH, of whom 20 were NOAC-ICH and 51 VKA-ICH. Patients in the two groups had comparable baseline characteristics, except for the higher prevalence of kidney disease in VKA-ICH patients. There was a non-significant higher number of fatal ICH in patients with VKA (11 events per 3,385 patient-years) than in those with NOAC (3 events per 2,623 patient-years; HR=0.32,95%CI0.09-1.14). Three-month functional outcomes were similar (p>0.2) in the two groups. The meta-analysis showed a lower 30-day mortality risk for patients with NOAC-ICH compared to VKA-ICH (RR=0.70,95%CI0.51-0.95). CONCLUSIONS NOAC-ICH and VKA-ICH occurring during secondary stroke prevention of AF patients have comparable baseline characteristics and outcomes, except for the risk of fatal ICH within 30 days, which might be greater in VKA-ICH. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The debate about the oncological adequacy, safety, and efficiency of robotic versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancers continues. Therefore, an updated, traditional, and cumulative meta-analysis was performed to assess the current new evidence on this topic. METHODS A systematic search of the literature for data pertaining to the last 25 years was performed. Fixed- and random-effects models were used to cumulatively assess the accumulation of evidence over time. RESULTS Patients with significantly higher body mass index (BMI), tumours located approximately 1 cm further distally, and more patients undergoing neo-adjuvant therapy were included in the robotic total mesorectal excision (RTME) cohort compared with those in the laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (LTME) cohort (MD=0.22 [0.07, 0.36], p=0.005; and MD=-0.97 [-1.57, 0.36], p less then 0.002, respectively, and OR=1.47 [1.11, 1.93], p=0.006). Significantly lower conversion rates to open were observed in the RTME cohort than in the LTME cohort (OR=0.