Solomonmclean3348

All colloid sizes showed non-exponential (hyper-exponential) distributions from source, over meter scales in pea gravel versus cm scales reported for fine sand. Colloids in the ca. 1 μm size range were most mobile, as expected from mass transfer to surfaces and interaction with nanoscale heterogeneity. The distance over which non-exponential colloid distribution occurred increased with media grain size, which carries implications for the potential mechanism driving non-exponential colloid distribution from source, and for strategies to predict transport.Garlic, an economically important vegetable, spice, and medicinal crop, produces highly enlarged bulbs and unique organosulfur compounds. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly for garlic, with a total size of approximately 16.24 Gb, as well as the annotation of 57 561 predicted protein-coding genes, making garlic the first Allium species with a sequenced genome. Analysis of this garlic genome assembly reveals a recent burst of transposable elements, explaining the substantial expansion of the garlic genome. We examined the evolution of certain genes associated with the biosynthesis of allicin and inulin neoseries-type fructans, and provided new insights into the biosynthesis of these two compounds. Furthermore, a large-scale transcriptome was produced to characterize the expression patterns of garlic genes in different tissues and at various growth stages of enlarged bulbs. The reference genome and large-scale transcriptome data generated in this study provide valuable new resources for research on garlic biology and breeding.

To demonstrate the safety and feasibility of the laparoscopic approach to perform pudendal neurolysis in a case of pudendal nerve entrapment syndrome [1-3].

A video tutorial that highlights the laparoscopic steps to performing pudendal neurolysis, with a focus on the main anatomic landmarks [4,5].

A tertiary care regional hospital.

This video shows a 6-step approach to laparoscopic pudendal neurolysis for the treatment of pudendal nerve entrapment between the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments [2,6-8]. Step 1 Identification of the umbilical artery. Step 2 Dissection and development of the lateral paravesical space until the pelvic floor. Step 3 Identification of the arcus tendineus of the endopelvic fascia. Step 4 Identification of the ischial spine and the sacrospinous ligament covered by the coccygeus muscle. Step 5 Coagulation and section of the coccygeus muscle and the sacrospinous ligament. Step 6 Medialization of the pudendal nerve until its entrance into the Alcock canal.

This video demonstrates the safety, feasibility, and reproducibility of laparoscopic pudendal neurolysis in 6 steps. A minimally invasive approach is adequate to treat the pudendal compression until the Alcock canal [2].

This video demonstrates the safety, feasibility, and reproducibility of laparoscopic pudendal neurolysis in 6 steps. A minimally invasive approach is adequate to treat the pudendal compression until the Alcock canal [2].

To demonstrate anatomic and technical highlights of a robot-assisted nerve plane-sparing eradication of deep endometriosis (DE).

Stepwise demonstration of the technique with narrated video footage.

An urban general hospital.

Laparoscopic nerve-sparing techniques as represented by the Negrar method reportedly result in lower rates of postoperative bladder, rectal, and sexual dysfunctions than classical approaches [1]. In addition, robotic surgery has become available, and 2 meta-analyses have confirmed that robotic surgery is safe and feasible for the treatment of endometriosis, especially in advanced cases [2,3]. However, few papers have shown the surgical techniques for a nerve-sparing procedure using a robotic approach. The patient was a 45-year-old woman who presented with severe chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea resistant to medication therapy. She had no nerve-specific complaints such as pain in the pudendal distribution or a voiding dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple ut latent benefits of robot-assisted nerve-sparing surgery in the treatment of DE remain uncertain.

Robot-assisted nerve plane-sparing eradication of DE is as technically feasible as the conventional laparoscopic approach. The step-by-step technique should help surgeons perform each part of the surgery in a logical sequence, making the procedure easier and safer to complete. However, the latent benefits of robot-assisted nerve-sparing surgery in the treatment of DE remain uncertain.

To review the impact of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) after minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with respect to perioperative narcotics, time in the recovery room, and total time in hospital.

Retrospective cohort.

Teaching hospital.

All patients having MIS in the division of gynecologic oncology during a 20-month period.

MIS cases were compared before and after the implementation of an ERAS protocol that incorporated orally administered acetaminophen, gabapentin, and celecoxib.

A total of 800 MIS cases were performed during the period (77% laparoscopy, 18% robotic, 5% mini-lap).Of these, 449 cases were treated without and 351 with the ERAS protocol.There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to age, BMI, surgery type, smoking, surgical indication, blood loss, or diagnosis. Total narcotic use in milligram intravenous equivalents of morphine (mg IV Eq) was significantly less in the ERAS patients (28.5-mg IV Eq vs 23.6-mg IV Eq; p <.001). There was a trend toward less narcotics in recovery (4.8-mg IV Eq vs 4.1-mg IV Eq; p = .08). Postoperative recovery room time was not different between the groups (129 minutes vs 131 minutes; p = .66).ERAS was associated with a higher rate of same day discharge (38.5% vs 49.0%; p = .003) and a shorter length of hospital stay (22.9 hours vs 18.5 hours; p = .008), with a hazard ratio for discharge of 0.82 (0.71-0.94). However, the same day discharge rate varied widely between treating physicians (20% to 56%).

Implementation of an ERAS protocol for MIS appears to reduce total perioperative narcotic use but does not reduce recovery room time. selleck There was a reduction in total hospital time, but this may be dependent on practice patterns of individual physicians.

Implementation of an ERAS protocol for MIS appears to reduce total perioperative narcotic use but does not reduce recovery room time. There was a reduction in total hospital time, but this may be dependent on practice patterns of individual physicians.