Baunsherwood2793

In order to better reveal the relationship between GLP-1/GLP-1R axis and the growth, development and survival of neurons, herein, this review is aimed to summarize the multi-function of GLP-1/GLP-1R axis in CNS diseases.

Tremendous scientific researches have been conducted in the field of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), while few bibliometric analyses have been performed. We aim to identify 100 top-cited published articles about DKD and analyze their main characteristics quantitatively.

Web of Science was searched with the term 'diabetic kidney disease' OR 'diabetic nephropathy' to identify the top 100 most cited articles. For articles meeting the predefined criteria, the following data were extracted and analyzed citation ranking, publication year, publication journal, journal impact factor, country and institution, authors, study type, and keywords.

The highest number of citations was 4753 times. The median average citations per year was 21.8 (IQR, 16.6-33.0). Most articles focused on the pathogenesis and treatment. These articles were published in 25 different journals and the

published the greatest number (20%). Forty-three articles (43%) originated from the United States. The University of Groningen was the leadito assess the actual impact of these top-cited articles on clinical practice.

This bibliometric analysis helps in identifying the milestones, inadequacies, classic hotspots, and emerging trends of DKD. Pathogenesis and treatment are core themes in DKD research, while high-quality articles on the prediction and biomarker are insufficient. selleck New analyzing metrics are needed to assess the actual impact of these top-cited articles on clinical practice.

Owing to the complexity of chemical ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it is difficult to maintain quality and efficacy by relying only on chemical markers.

Lianhua Qingwen capsule (LHQW) was selected as an example to discuss the feasibility of a bioassay for quality control.

Network pharmacology was used to screen potential targets in LHQW with respect to its anti-inflammatory effects. An

cell model was used to validate the prediction. An anti-inflammatory bioassay was established for the quality evaluation of LHQW in 40 batches of marketed products and three batches of destructed samples.

The tumor necrosis factor/interleukin-6 (TNF/IL-6) pathway via macrophage was selected as the potential target of LHQW. The IC

value of LHQW on RAW 264.7 was 799.8 μg/mL. LHQW had significant inhibitory effects on the expression of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner (

 < 0.05). The anti-inflammatory biopotency of LHQW was calculated based on the inhibitory bioactivity on IL-6. The biopotency of 40 marketed samples ranged from 404 U/μg to 2171 U/μg, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 37.91%. By contrast, the contents of forsythin indicated lower CV (28.05%) than the value of biopotency. Moreover, the biopotencies of destructed samples declined approximate 50%, while the contents of forsythin did not change. This newly established bioassay revealed a better ability to discriminate the quality variations of LHQW as compared to the routine chemical determination.

A well-established bioassay may have promising ability to reveal the variance in quality of TCM.

A well-established bioassay may have promising ability to reveal the variance in quality of TCM.Aim Recovery of damaged mucosal surfaces following inflammatory insult requires diverse regenerative mechanisms that remain poorly defined. Previously, we demonstrated that the reparative actions of Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) depend upon the enigmatic receptor, leucine rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain containing nogo receptor 2 (LINGO2). This study examined the related orphan receptor LINGO3 in the context of intestinal tissue damage to determine whether LINGO family members are generally important for mucosal wound healing and maintenance of the intestinal stem cell (ISC) compartment needed for turnover of mucosal epithelium.Methods and Results We find that LINGO3 is broadly expressed on human enterocytes and sparsely on discrete cells within the crypt niche, that contains ISCs. Loss of function studies indicate that LINGO3 is involved in recovery of normal intestinal architecture following dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, and that LINGO3 is needed for therapeutic action of the long acting TFF2 fusion protein (TFF2-Fc), including a number of signaling pathways critical for cell proliferation and wound repair. LINGO3-TFF2 protein-protein interactions were relatively weak however and LINGO3 was only partially responsible for TFF2 induced MAPK signaling suggesting additional un-identified components of a receptor complex. However, deficiency in either TFF2 or LINGO3 abrogated budding/growth of intestinal organoids and reduced expression of the intestinal ISC gene leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), indicating homologous roles for these proteins in tissue regeneration, possibly via regulation of ISCs in the crypt niche.Conclusion We propose that LINGO3 serves a previously unappreciated role in promoting mucosal wound healing.

In order to determine methods to reduce vaping prevalence, motivations for use and co-occurring health behaviors and disorders need to be determined. This study investigated vaping characteristics and associated health behaviors in a young adult Appalachian college population.

Students attending an Appalachian university were invited to participate in an online survey measuring their use of e-cigarettes, motivations for use, mental health, and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). Analysis included prevalence of e-cigarette use and associations between e-cigarette use and Appalachian identity, mental health, and ACEs.

Participants (

 = 3398) stated that the most common motivator for using e-cigarettes was to decrease stress, followed by the good taste, friends' usage, and wanting to quit cigarettes. E-cigarette use was associated with alcohol use, anxiety, depression, stress, and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and these variables were placed into a full logistic regression model, in which anxiety and stress were no longer significant, and alcohol use was the strongest association (OR 1.