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18, 1.52, 0, and 0, respectively. CHIR-124 mouse The mean SF-36 score at 1, 6, and 12 months from surgery was 90.09, 94.8, and 05.1, respectively. Conclusions The use of fibrin glue for TAPP inguinal hernia repair is a safe and feasible technique with favorable results. Larger comparative randomized studies are needed to confirm these early results.Background This study analyzed our cohort of infants (age below 12 mo) who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR), comparing those 3 months and below (corrected premature) to above 3 months (term infants) corrected age at the time of surgery. Materials and methods Retrospective analysis of a single surgeon and associated trainees' experience of LIHR in infants below 12 months over a 5-year period (2013-2018) was performed. The operative technique involved a 5-mm scope and 3-mm instruments for herniorrhaphy with 4/0 Prolene purse-string suture. Data collected included patient demographics, prematurity ( less then 37 wk), corrected age and weight at surgery, preoperative hemoglobin level, comorbidities, anesthetic time, major perioperative complications, and inguinal hernia recurrence. A comparison was made between those operated at 3 months and below and above 3 months corrected age. Perioperative issues affecting infants 3 months and below were identified and analyzed. Statistical analysis inclur that needs to be addressed in infants 3 months and below for scheduling the procedure date (transfusion vs. iron supplementation).The wide and fast spread of COVID-19 around the world has led to a dramatic increase in the need for protection products both for carers and for populations. Surgical team protection includes a systematic screening of patients, wearing protection devices by all the operating staff, and adequate management of aerosols. The risk of aerosol dispersal is particularly high during laparoscopic and robotic surgeries due to the interaction between circulating CO2 and surgical smoke that may contain small viral particles. To decrease the risk of virus transmission, many recommendations have been implemented including the use of integrated insufflation devices comprising smoke evacuation and filtration mode. Such devices are lacking in many centers around the world and to overcome this urgent unmet need, we designed a cost-effective filtrating suction as a more readily available alternative.Background The extent to which couples change their behaviors with increasing pregnancy attempt time is not well documented. Methods We examined change in selected behaviors over pregnancy attempt time in a North American preconception cohort study. Eligible females were aged 21-45 years and not using fertility treatment. Participants completed baseline and bimonthly follow-up questionnaires for up to 12 months or until pregnancy. Results Among 3,339 females attempting pregnancy for 0-1 cycles at enrollment, 250 contributed 12 months of follow-up without conceiving. Comparing behaviors at 12 months versus baseline, weighted for loss-to-follow-up, we observed small-to-moderate reductions in mean caffeine intake (-19.5 mg/day, CI -32.7, -6.37), alcohol intake (-0.85 drinks/week, CI -1.28, -0.43), marijuana use (-3.89 percentage points, CI -7.33, 0.46), and vigorous exercise (-0.68 hours/week, CI -1.05, -0.31), and a large increase in activities to improve conception chances (e.g., ovulation testing) (21.7 percentage points, CI 14.8, 28.6). There was little change in mean cigarette smoking (-0.27 percentage points, CI -1.58, 1.04), perceived stress scale score (-0.04 units, CI -0.77, 0.69), or other factors (e.g., sugar-sweetened soda intake, moderate exercise, intercourse frequency, and multivitamin use), but some heterogeneity within subgroups (e.g., 31% increased and 32% decreased their perceived stress scores by ≥2 units; 14% reduced their smoking but none increased their smoking by ≥5 cigarettes/day). Conclusions While many behaviors changed with increasing pregnancy attempt time, mean changes tended to be modest for most variables. The largest differences were observed for use of caffeine, alcohol, and marijuana, and methods to improve conception chances.Purpose of review Body image is a crucial part of adolescent development for teens all over the world. Studies show that negative body image impacts many aspects of adolescent health and that anticipatory guidance about body image is important at the annual health maintenance exam visit. Weight bias is closely tied to body image and is associated with negative health effects as well; research shows weight bias is a problem throughout healthcare. The purpose of this review is to discuss influencing factors on adolescent body image and to explore interventions to promote positive body image. Recent findings Research shows that adolescent body image is shaped by media influence, athletics and personal relationships. Studies have also begun to show that negative and positive body image are separate entities, and that overall health outcomes seem to be better in adolescents with positive body image. In thinking about intervention, there are ways to promote positive body image in the provider--patient interaction, within the school and community, in healthcare education, and at the societal level. Summary Body image is an incredibly important aspect of adolescent health, and clinicians should be aware of ways to help promote positive body image in adolescents.Purpose of review Precision treatment of medically-refractory regurgitation differs from that of heartburn. Regurgitation is an often-overlooked symptom characterized as a bitter taste in the mouth or a sense of fluid moving up from the stomach occurring in approximately 80% of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with varying severity. Its response to standard medical therapy is significantly less than heartburn while significantly lessening quality of life in 10-20% of GERD patients. Recent findings The therapeutic gain of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) above placebo averages 17% for regurgitation compared with 41% for heartburn. Increased dosing of medication is commonly, yet futilely, used. The symptom is probably mediated more by fluid volume than by the acidity of the refluxate. PPIs significantly decrease gastric acid secretion and to some extent volume of gastric juice. Significantly, doubling the PPI dose does not incrementally decrease gastric juice volume though it may decrease gastric acid secretion further.