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1% (95% CI 5.7-17.2) in those receiving shoulder or elbow surgery and 21.0% (95% CI 18.5-23.7) in those receiving spinal surgery. The results of our systematic review consistently report FM as a significant risk factor for less satisfaction, higher pain, worse functional outcome, increased risk for postoperative opioids prescription and higher rate of medical and surgical complications following orthopaedic surgery.
Identifying pre-existing FM in patients scheduled for elective orthopaedic surgery may help to better assess the benefit/risk ratio, improve patients' awareness and minimize any discrepancy between expectancy and results.
Identifying pre-existing FM in patients scheduled for elective orthopaedic surgery may help to better assess the benefit/risk ratio, improve patients' awareness and minimize any discrepancy between expectancy and results.
Several studies reported that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM
) was associated with an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It remains unclear whether reduced PM
can decrease the risk of COPD development.
To investigate the associations of dynamic changes (including deterioration and improvement) in long-term exposure to ambient PM
with changes in lung function and the incidence of COPD.
A total of 133,119 adults (aged 18years or older) were recruited in Taiwan between 2001 and 2014. All participants underwent at least two standard medical examinations including spirometry test. We estimated PM
concentrations using a high-resolution (1km
) satellite-based spatio-temporal model. The change in PM
(ΔPM
) was defined as the difference in concentration of PM
between the respective visit and the previous visit. We used a multivariable mixed linear model and time-varying Cox model to investigate the associations of change in PM
with annual change of lstrategies aimed at reducing air pollution may effectively combat the risk of COPD development.
An improvement in PM2.5 pollution exposure was associated with an attenuated decline in lung function parameters of FEV1, FVC, MEF25-75, and FEV1/FVC, and a decreased risk of COPD development. Our findings suggest that strategies aimed at reducing air pollution may effectively combat the risk of COPD development.The ecological stress of microplastic contamination to ecosystem functioning and biota raises concerns worldwide, but the impacts of microplastics on wetland ecosystems (e.g., plants, microbes, and soil) have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used a controlled pot experiment to determine the effects of different types (PS, PVC, PP and PE) of microplastics on the growth performance of wetland plants, soil chemical properties, enzyme systems and microbial communities. Microplastics can change the germination strategies of seeds, and there was also a reduction in fresh weight and plant height in Bacopa sp. Chlorophyllb synthesiswas significantly reduced in mixed microplastic treatments compared with controls. Microplastic addition in soil caused higher concentrations of reactive oxygen species in plants, which led to increased lipid peroxidation and activation of the antioxidant defence system. The organic matter, potassium, total nitrogen and phosphorus changed significantly in the presence of the four forms of microplastics, while soil pH was not substantially affected. Microplastics had a negative effect on soil enzyme activity, for example, PS MP particles significantly decreased sucrase activities in the soil after 40 days. The results of this study showed that microplastic addition decreased the richness and diversity of bacterial. When soil was exposed to polystyrene microplastics, the richness and diversity of algae significantly increased on the soil surface. Thus, microplastics can alters the structure of soil microbial communities, resulting in the enrichment of some special soil microbial taxa involved in nitrogen cycling. These results indicate both the direct and indirect effects of plastic residues on the plant-microbe-soil system, which has implications for potential further impacts on wetland ecosystem functioning.
Exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) is often measured with personal exposimeters, but the accuracy of measurements can be hampered as carrying the devices on-body may result in body shielding. TGF-beta Smad signaling Further, the compact design may compromise the frequency selectivity of the sensor. The aim of this study was to compare measurements obtained using a multi-band body-worn distributed-exposimeter (BWDM) with two commercially available personal exposimeters (ExpoM-RF and EmeSpy 200) under real-life conditions.
The BWDM measured power density in 10 frequency bands (800, 900, 1800, 2100, 2600MHz, DECT 1900MHz, WiFi 2.4GHz; with separate uplink/downlink bands for 900, 1800 and 2100MHz); using 20 separate antennas integrated in a vest and placed on diametrically opposite locations on the body, to minimize body-shielding. RF-EMF exposure data were collected from several microenvironments (e.g. shopping areas, train stations, outdoor rural/ urban residential environments, etc.) by walking around pre-measurements conducted with the BWDM, in line with effects from body shielding. Ranking of exposure levels of microenvironments showed high correspondence between the different device types. Our results are informative for the interpretation of existing epidemiological research results.
Results indicate that exposimeters worn on-body provide somewhat lower total RF-EMF exposure as compared to measurements conducted with the BWDM, in line with effects from body shielding. Ranking of exposure levels of microenvironments showed high correspondence between the different device types. Our results are informative for the interpretation of existing epidemiological research results.The health impact of airborne contaminants has been challenging to assess due to current limitations in measurement technologies. The emergence of wearable passive samplers coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) chemical analysis has enabled comprehensive characterization of personal exposures. We conducted a repeated-measure study among 84 older adults in Jinan, China, as part of the Biomarkers for Air Pollutants Exposure (China BAPE) study. Study objectives were 1) to characterize the occurrence, magnitude, and distribution of personal exposure to airborne contaminants; 2) to evaluate the temporal variation of chemical exposures across the study population; and 3) to identify behavioral and environmental factors that influence the observed variance in chemical exposures. The FreshAir wristband was worn by participants for three consecutive days each month from September 2018 to January 2019 and collected with paired time-activity logs. Passive air samplers were also deployed in parallel at a local outdoor air monitoring station.
