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on of employment is found to be associated with a significant increase in EE and DP and a significant decrease in PA.

In this study, scale results showed that doctors working in EDs had high levels of occupational burnout and anxiety, while job satisfaction levels were low. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the decrease in "age and employment duration" and the increase in "depersonalization".

In this study, scale results showed that doctors working in EDs had high levels of occupational burnout and anxiety, while job satisfaction levels were low. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the decrease in "age and employment duration" and the increase in "depersonalization".

To measure service quality gaps in dental services provided at public hospitals of the district, Rawalpindi.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two of the public hospitals of the district, Rawalpindi from April to October 2019. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used to include a total number of 400 patients, equally divided between Rural health center (RHC) and Tehsil headquarter (THQ). Face to face interviews were done using a 32-item SERVQUAL in the form of a structured questionnaire where one part of the questionnaire was filled before the treatment and the other after the treatment. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.90. It was analyzed using SPSS version 25 with descriptive and parametric tests, and further multiple linear regression was done.

The quality of services provided to patients was significantly lower than their expectations in both RHC (-14.48 ± 7.96) and THQ (-9.97 ± 7.97). Independent t-test showed a significant difference in service quality between both the hospitals (-4.41), with a better quality of services in THQ. Association of service quality gap was statistically significant with gender, education, occupation, monthly income, and the number of visits to the hospital with p-value < 0.05. The type of hospital was the strongest predictor (ß = 4.12) of the outcome variable.

The findings reveal that patients' expectations exceed their perception of dental services provided in public hospitals. THQ provided a better quality of services compared to RHC.

The findings reveal that patients' expectations exceed their perception of dental services provided in public hospitals. THQ provided a better quality of services compared to RHC.

To highlight the prevalence of incidentally discovered ocular findings harvested amongst candidates of different age groups presented for pre-employment screening in a tertiary care eye hospital.

This Cross sectional prospective study was conducted in Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, from Jun 2018 to Dec 2019. Data was collected using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. All candidates who appeared for medical fitness examination were included. Candidates belonged to various regions of Pakistan. Complete ophthalmic checkup including visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, anterior and posterior segment examination was performed. The data analysis was done by IBM SPSS 2.0 software.

One thousand and five hundred (1500) candidates underwent ophthalmic medical fitness examination during Jun 2018 to Dec 2019, out of these 86% (1290) were males and 14% (210) were females. Mean age of the candidates was 23.14 ± 5.66 years. The most common incidental ocular findings were amblyopia 24.6% (369), strabismus 10% (150), cataract 7.3% (110), macular scar 6.5% (100) and colour vision deficiencies 5.5% (82).

The study demonstrates that out of total patients, 77% (1095) were found to be asymptomatic and 23% (405) were symptomatic. The study provides frequency for prevailing diseases and can help in improvement of eye care screening.

The study demonstrates that out of total patients, 77% (1095) were found to be asymptomatic and 23% (405) were symptomatic. The study provides frequency for prevailing diseases and can help in improvement of eye care screening.

To observe the clinical value of 3D printing technology assisted surgery combined with early postoperative comprehensive rehabilitation in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Sixty elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures of the femur who were treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. In the experimental group, 3D printing technology assisted surgery combined with early postoperative comprehensive rehabilitation was used for treatment. While in the control group, traditional open reduction and dynamic hip screw internal fixation combined with postoperative conventional treatment was utilized. The duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, weight bearing time, fracture healing time and other surgical indicators were recorded respectively, and hip joint function recovery was evaluated prior to and 2 weeks after surgery. All patients were followed up for six months to observe the occumbined treatment has the advantages of precise operative reduction, fast postoperative recovery, and certain safety and effectiveness.

3D printing with early rehab proved to be effective treatment in our study. Such a combined treatment has the advantages of precise operative reduction, fast postoperative recovery, and certain safety and effectiveness.

to determine the relationship of 374T/A (rs1800624) polymorphism in the gene encoding RAGE with Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and serum soluble RAGE (sRAGE) level in Pakistani patients.

A case-control study, conducted from January 2017 to December 2018, involving 150 healthy controls (HC), 150 T2DM patients with no retinopathy (DNR) and 150 DR patients diagnosed by coloured fundus photography. Tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system - polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) was used for genotyping. GSK'872 nmr Serum sRAGE levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELIZA).

The frequency of TT, TA and AA genotypes of rs1800624 polymorphism were 92.7%, 6%, 1.3% in HC, 80%, 17.3%, 2.7% in DNR and 76.7%, 19.3%, 4.3% in DR groups. Heterozygous TA genotype and mutant A allele showed significant association with diabetes and DR vs HC. In dominant model, mutant allele showed significant association with DNR and DR vs HC. No significant association of rs1800624 was detected with DR and its sub-groups, non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR) vs DNR. Dividing NPDR into mild, moderate and severe, heterozygous TA genotype showed significant association with moderate and severe NPDR vs DNR. In DNR and DR groups, TA genotype was significantly associated with raised sRAGE.

rs1800624 RAGE gene polymorphism might be a risk factor for T2DM and NPDR in Pakistani patients. Raised sRAGE levels have a positive correlation with PDR and are associated with heterozygosity of rs1800624 polymorphism in DNR and DR groups.

rs1800624 RAGE gene polymorphism might be a risk factor for T2DM and NPDR in Pakistani patients. Raised sRAGE levels have a positive correlation with PDR and are associated with heterozygosity of rs1800624 polymorphism in DNR and DR groups.

The current study aimed to determine the effect of acne vulgaris on quality of life of young adults and to assess the correlation between acne severity and impairment of quality of life (QOLI).

In this multi-center cross-sectional study, 163 young adults with acne vulgaris were assessed for severity and quality of life impairment between December 2016 and May 2017 at three tertiary care hospitals. Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) was used to assess the quality of life while the severity of acne measured by Global Acne Grading System (GAGS). Data were collected on standardized forms, with CADI, GAGS scores, and sociodemographic data and analyzed using SPSS version 9. link2 The quantitative variables were presented as means, median and qualitative variables expressed as frequency and percentages. P-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Out of 163 patients enrolled in this study, the mean age was 21.6 ± 4.9 years and 124 were females and 39 males. In mild QOLI, 56 (87.5%) cases were affecta reliable tool to assess the quality of life. It is recommended to be used routinely in dermatology clinics to provide tailored treatment to individuals because mild disease may be disproportionately distressing for patients.

To detect ZIKV using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) among clinical samples tested negative for Dengue virus (DENV) by RT-PCR in Punjab, 2016.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out for duration of two months. Total of 506 samples were collected within seven days from onset of illness from all over hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan of which 350 were selected simply randomly to test for presence of ZIKV by using "Trioplex Real-Time RT-PCR Assay (Trioplex)". Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the degree of concordance between DENV positive results of non-structural protein 1 (NS1) and IgM solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA).

No samples were positive for any ZIKV, DENV or Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) by Trioplex. Among the 350 samples, 26 samples were positive concordant and the degree of concordance between NS1- and IgM-ELISA was 13% and κ coefficient was -0.71 (95% CI -0.79, -0.63).

At study time, no samples were positive for ZIKV. Strengthening laboratory capacity to confirm arboviruses for Punjab's laboratories is warranted. Trioplex RT-PCR has 100% sensitivity so there are nominal chances of false negative results. Establishing syndromic surveillance for Zika and conducting a sero-surveillance survey for Zika in areas with high human and Aedes mosquito density are recommended in Punjab.

At study time, no samples were positive for ZIKV. Strengthening laboratory capacity to confirm arboviruses for Punjab's laboratories is warranted. Trioplex RT-PCR has 100% sensitivity so there are nominal chances of false negative results. Establishing syndromic surveillance for Zika and conducting a sero-surveillance survey for Zika in areas with high human and Aedes mosquito density are recommended in Punjab.

To see the effect of intra operative antegrade flexible nephroscopy during Percutaneous nephrolithotomy on stone free rate.

We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from 2010 to 2017 for renal stones >2cm. Patients found eligible were divided in, Group-I who did not have intraoperative Flexible nephroscopy and Group-II who had flexible nephroscopy during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. All procedures were done by senior consultants. Variables like Mean age, side, stone size, skin to stone distance and Hounsfield unit were compared. link3 Outcomes like Stone free rate, hospital stay and operative time were compared between the groups.

The study included 248 patients, consisting 85 (34.3%) females and 163 (65.7%) males. Mean age ± SD was 45.8±13.8 years. Both group were similar in characteristics like mean age, stone size, skin to stone distance and Hounsfield units. The overall stone free rate was 71%. It was not significantly different between the groups, 76% in Group-II vs.