Logangrau7050
Visual and olfactory stimuli induce behavioural responses in fishes when applied independently, but little is known about how simultaneous exposure influences behaviour, especially in downstream migrating fishes. Here, downstream moving juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) were exposed to light and a conspecific chemosensory alarm cue in a flume and movement were monitored with overhead cameras and nets. When exposed to light, sea lamprey were more likely to be captured in a net closest to the light array. When exposed to the alarm cue, sea lamprey transit rate through the flume increased, but sea lamprey did not avoid the alarm cue plume by moving perpendicular to flow. When the alarm cue and light were applied simultaneously in a push and pull configuration, the alarm cue still triggered enhanced downstream movement (push downstream) and more sea lamprey was still captured in the net nearest the light (pull to the side), resulting in twice as many sea lamprey being captured in the lighted net relative to controls. To our knowledge, this is the first study using multiple sensory cues in a push-pull configuration to modulate fish outmigration. Push and pull of juvenile sea lamprey with sensory cues could be useful to reduce turbine entrainment where native and enhance trap catch where invasive.
To date, the association of serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and serum adipokines with lupus nephritis is controversial.
To assess the utility of serum MIF, leptin, adiponectin and resistin levels as markers of proteinuria and renal dysfunction in lupus nephritis.
Cross-sectional study including 196 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and 52 healthy controls (HCs). Disease activity was assessed by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Renal SLE involvement was investigated by renal-SLEDAI. MIF, adiponectin, leptin and resistin levels were quantified by ELISA. We assessed the correlations of quantitative variables by Spearman correlation (r
). Multivariable linear regression adjusted the variables associated with the severity of proteinuria.
SLE patients had higher MIF (
= 0.02) and adiponectin (
< 0.001) than HCs. see more Patients with renal SLE involvement (
= 43) had higher adiponectin (19.0 vs 13.3 μg/mL,
= 0.002) and resistin (10.7 vs 8.9 ng/mL,
F as markers of LN.
News articles, commentaries, and opinion articles have suggested that ongoing social distancing measures coupled with economic challenges during COVID-19 may worsen stress, affective state, and substance use across the globe. We sought to advance our understanding of the differences between individuals who change their substance use patterns during a public health crisis and those who do not.
Cross-sectional survey of young adults (18-25 years of age) assessing respondent characteristics and vaping, tobacco, alcohol, and/or marijuana use. We calculated prevalence estimates, prevalence changes, and prevalence ratios with associated 95% confidence intervals and looked for differences with the chi-square test.
Of the total sample, 53.2% (
= 542/1018) young adults reported vaping or using tobacco, alcohol, and/or marijuana. Among the 542 respondents reporting use, 34.3% reported a change in their use patterns. Among respondents reporting changes in substance use patterns during the pandemic (
= 186), 68and substance use during global health crises that impact social contact.
Tibial plateau fractures are frequent injuries that orthopaedic surgeons face. It has been reported that they have a significant negative impact on the patients' lives, decreasing their quality of live, keeping them of work for long periods of time and reducing their activity levels.
Interestingly, there is not enough focus in the literature about the post-operative rehabilitation of these patients. The aim of the present review is to investigate this field of the literature and try to give answers in four main questions the range of motion exercises post-surgery, the immobilisation, the weight-bearing status and the ongoing rehabilitation.
A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and the Google Scholar search engines. A total of 39 articles met the criteria to be included in the study.
The literature about this subject is scarce and controversial. Early range of motion exercises should be encouraged as soon as possible after the procedure. The immobilisation after plate fixation does not sen does not seem to provide any benefit. Ongoing rehabilitation should be considered with the view of better clinical outcomes.
There is currently little known about why people decline to participate in dyadic, psychosocial dementia research. This interview study aims to explore the reasons why people declined to participate in the Valuing Active Life in Dementia research trial.
Ten family carers of people with dementia, who were part of a dyad that had declined to take part in the randomised controlled trial, participated in qualitative telephone interviews to explore their reasons for declining. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify themes.
Two themes with related sub-themes were identified (1) Protectiveness - protecting the person with dementia, themselves as carers and their current lifestyle; (2) 'It's not for us' - the time commitment, and the possible unsuitability of the intervention, was seen to outweigh the perceived benefit of taking part. People with dementia were not always involved in the decision-making process, with carers stating the decision not to participate was made in the usual way as all their ifficult or unfair because some participants will miss out on the desired intervention. However, this study shows that concern about the time and inconvenience of being involved in the trial can put people off research participation. Identifying possible reasons for declining research participation contributes to the design of future trials and recruitment strategies, so that the potential benefit is considered relative to the time and effort involved. Offering research opportunities to people with dementia and their families at the right stage of the dementia trajectory for their needs, facilitating personalised recruitment strategies with finely tailored researcher communication skills should help maximise recruitment, reduce attrition and deliver a more successful trial.
