Jensenalstrup6810

The aim of this work was to study the dynamic change in structure and potential function of bacterial community during dairy manure composting process using high-throughput sequencing and advanced bioinformatics tools. Alpha diversity of microbial community significantly decreased during the thermophilic phase and then recovered gradually. Beta diversity analysis showed unique community structures in different composting phases. Keystone microbes such as genus Corynebacterium, Bacillus, Luteimonas and Nonomuraea were identified for different composting phases. Six functional modules were identified for bacterial community during the composting process using co-occurrence analysis. These modules were significantly associated with temperature, pH, degradation of organic matter and maturation of compost. Predicted metagenomics analysis showed that the relative abundance of amino acid, lipid, energy and xenobiotics metabolism increased during the composting process. These results provide valuable insights into the microbiota during dairy manure composting and how the structures and metabolic functions changed in response to composting phases. Dansylcadaverine datasheet The dynamic response mechanism of Candidatus Accumulibacter clades to environmental factors in enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was unclear. This study investigated the relationship between the transcriptional responses of Candidatus Accumulibacter clades and environmental dynamics. Results suggested that Candidatus Accumulibacter clade IIA only responded in initial 20 and 30 min of P-release and P-uptake stage, respectively, and was also the first clade to stop responding among the six Candidatus Accumulibacter clades. Clade IIC and IID responded at rising stage of P-release and P-uptake rate. Clade IA and IIB responded at decreasing stage of P-release and P-uptake rate. The transcriptional response duration of clade IIF was the longest, which constantly responded throughout anaerobic, anoxic and oxic phase. The transcriptional responses of Candidatus Accumulibacter clades to environmental dynamics revealed the microorganisms actually working in P-release and P-uptake, and gave a new insight into the transcriptional responses related to the EBPR performance. Sulphur-based autotrophic denitrification is an energy-efficient NO3--N removal process; it does not require carbon and may potentially replace traditional denitrification processes. This process was used to treat graphite production-derived wastewater and achieved almost complete removal of NO3--N (concentration in effluent 5.2 mg/L; concentration in influent 606 mg/L) at a salinity of 15 g/L with a 30 h hydraulic retention time. A unique microbial community was established, in which the abundance of Thiobacillus increased with the increase of the NO3--N concentration and salinity. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the denitrification metabolic pathway in the bioreactor was active. It also revealed the increased activation of nhaH, a gene encoding Na+/H+ antiporters; proA, proB, and proC, genes encoding proline; and Trk and Kdp systems during the treatment of graphite production-derived wastewater to maintain cell function, providing valuable information about utilizing the sulphur-based autotrophic denitrification process to treat graphite production-derived wastewater. Low hydrogen yield was the bottleneck of dark fermentative hydrogen production. To solve this problem, the effects of rice straw-derived biochar on hydrogen production was investigated in different fermentation types. Ethanol-type and butyrate-type fermentations, two dominant types of dark fermentation, were carried out in batch fermentations with different concentrations of biochar. The results revealed that 3 g/L was the best concentration for both types of fermentations. Hydrogen production increased by 118.4% and 79.6% in ethanol-type and butyrate-type fermentations, respectively. The maximal hydrogen yields of ethanol-type and butyrate-type fermentations were 1.34 and 2.36 mol/mol-glucose, respectively. The addition of biochar buffered the broth pH, lowered the redox potential, and released mineral nutrients. The porosity of biochar boosted cell immobilization and thus improved the H2 productivity. This study demonstrated the enhancement effect of biochar on ethanol- and butyrate-type fermentative hydrogen productions, and enhanced the understanding of the functional mechanisms of biochar. Chagas disease is caused by infection with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which might lead to a chronic disease state and drive to irreversible damage to the heart and/or digestive tract tissues. Endemic in 21 countries in the Americas, it is the neglected disease with a highest burden in the region. Current estimates point at ~6 million people infected, of which ~30% will progress onto the symptomatic tissue disruptive stage. There is no vaccine but there are two anti-parasitic drugs available benznidazole and nifurtimox. However, their efficacy is variable at the chronic symptomatic stage and both have frequent adverse effects. Since there are no prognosis markers, drugs should be administered to all T. cruzi-infected individuals in the indeterminate and early symptomatic stages. Nowadays, there are no tests-of-cure either, which greatly undermines patients follow-up and the search of safer and more efficacious drugs. Therefore, the identification and validation of biomarkers of disease progression and/or treatment response on which to develop tests of prognosis and/or cure is a major research priority. Both parasite- and host-derived markers have been investigated. In the present manuscript we present an updated outlook of the latter. Recent studies have shown that laboratory murine autoimmunity models under the same environment display different outcomes. We established diabetic nephropathy model mice under the same environment using the classic streptozotocin method. Renal dysfunction was different among the mice. Proteinuria was more significant in the severe proteinuria group (SP) than in the mild proteinuria group (MP). We hypothesized a role for the gut microbiota in the outcome and reproducibility of induced DN models. 16S rDNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the differences in the gut microbiota between the two groups. Here, through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we verified the role of the gut microbiota and its short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) generation in DN mouse renal dysfunction. In the SP group, there was a reduced abundance of Firmicutes (P  3, P  less then  0.05) was negatively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein content (Rho = -0.829, P  less then  0.