Lysgaardwestermann3184
Crude oil and its derivatives are primary energy resources for humans, and processes involving these materials could affect aquatic environments. Acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity is a suitable biomarker for exposure to organophosphate pesticides. Under controlled conditions, fish exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo[a]pyrene, pyrene and anthracene, showed inhibition of this biomarker; however, PAHs with a low molecular weight did not induce changes or cause stimulation of AChE activity. Diverse responses of fish exposed to soluble fractions of crude oil, fuels or gasoline were documented. Most studies in which AChE activity was considered for environmental monitoring have been performed to evaluate the presence of pesticides, and the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons are unclear. The objective of this review was to provide the recent status of research on this topic and suggest proposals for future investigations. To establish the suitability of this biomarker in fish species exposed to these pollutants and to determine their neurotoxic effects, researchers must determinate the mechanism involved in the AChE inhibition by petroleum hydrocarbons, unify criteria concerning the experimental in vitro and in vivo designs and apply multivariate statistical and correlation analyses between these pollutants with AChE activity in field studies.In this study, we investigated the concentrations of Fukushima nuclear power plant accident (FNPPA)-derived radiocesium (134Cs, 137Cs) deposited in the topsoil of Jeju Island, Korea. We also evaluated the soil inventories of radionuclides and compared the concentrations deposited by rainwater and fallout. We present the first evidence of FNPPA-derived radionuclides directly entering the environment of Jeju Island. In the case of FNPPA-derived 134Cs in soil, only a trace amount was identified in the surface layer (1 cm depth), whereas 137Cs derived from past atmospheric deposition of nuclear testing were detected along with those derived from the nuclear power plant accident. The total measured radiocesium (134Cs + 137Cs) indicates that although the value obtained from soils was slightly lower, both values were within the same order of magnitude. Of the FNPPA-derived radiocesium deposited in the soil, the impact from April 2011 was the largest at most sampling sites indicating that the radioactive plume directly covered Jeju Island. Furthermore, a variety of long- and short-lived gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in the rainwater samples collected on April 7, 2011. Among them, short-lived radionuclides such as 140La, 110mAg, 95Nb, 125Sb, 113Sn, 129Te, 129mTe, 132Te, 132I, and 136Cs, were observed. The findings of this study provide evidence for the direct effects of FNPPA-derived radionuclides in Jeju Island. This is the first location in Korea and the first in the entire East Asian region, excluding Japan that is confirmed to have been directly affected FNPP accident.Staphylococcus aureus infection is common in the clinical environment. It has been shown that the presence of micro/nano structures on material surfaces promote bacterial adhesion resistance. Herein, we assessed the S. aureus adhesion properties on laser micro/nano structured stainless-steel (316 L) surfaces after mechanical rotation and ultrasonic washing. The interaction force between S. aureus and structured surfaces was evaluated. A high concentration S. aureus solution was used to evaluate the bacterial sterilization efficiency after film formation on the stainless-steel surface. After 24 h of incubation, S. aureus films were formed on material surfaces. The comparison of static washing, surface mechanical rotation, and ultrasonic washing showed a decrease of S. aureus adhesion on the polished and laser induced periodic surface structures. However, S. aureus adhesion on the micro/nanoparticle surface after mechanical rotation washing did not display any obvious change compared to the polished one. Additionally, specimens after ultrasonic cleaning showed clear antibacterial adhesion than mechanical rotation. After the ultrasonic sterilization process, the laser induced periodic laser surface sample showed optimal bacterial adhesion inhibition. Finally, in vitro tests showed that the biocompatibility of the laser-induced structured surface did not change significantly from the polished surface one.The purpose of this study is to design and evaluate a new tubular assembly structure of Hexakis (m-phenylene ethynylene) (m-PE) macrocycles and to explore its potential application as an innovative drug delivery system. First, we focused on how (m-PE) macrocycles can be self-assembled in both chloroform (CHCl3) and water solvents for the formation of the assembled nanotube using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In contrast to their behavior in water solvent, all ten (m-PE) macrocycles remain aggregated at low concentrations of CHCl3. We found that these macrocycles carrying chiral side chains and capable of H-bonded self-association, assemble into tubular stacks. Then, the dual delivery strategy for the transport of doxorubicin (DOX) and curcumin (Cur) on the self-assembly system of hexakis (m-PE) nanocarrier is examined using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and free energy calculation. The obtained results indicated that the binding energy of DOX (- 298.9 kJ/mol) on hexakis (m-PE) in the presence of Cur is higher than free DOX (- 247.7 kJ/mol). Furthermore, in the interaction of the DOX and hexakis m-PE, the contribution of van der Walls (vdW) energy is higher than electrostatic (elec) energy, which can be related to the strong π-π interactions between the drug molecules with the carrier surface. In general, the results indicated that the simultaneous delivery of DOX and Cur through DOX/Cur/hexakis (m-PE) could be a promising vehicle in tumor therapy. Based on the obtained results of the present research, hexakis (m-PE) macrocycle can be used as a drug delivery vehicle for targeted or systemic delivery.
Benign tumors of the esophagus are rare. However, among them, leiomyomas are common. Tumors larger than 5 cm are rare and may present as dysphagia or epigastric pain. Combined esophagoscopy and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery or laparoscopic trans hiatal resection are used the management of leiomyoma of esophagus.
This case report illustrates the case of a young male who presented with dysphagia and occasional dyspnea. Imageology demonstrated an esophageal mass which on surgical exploration and histopathology, confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma.
Esophageal leiomyomas vary in their presenting size from a few centimeters to greater than 5 cm which are rare. The preferred surgical technique for leiomyomas is transthoracic enucleation without opening the mucosa, which is easier, faster, and safer compared to resection. In our patient, due to the size and location of the tumor, it was resected using an abdominal approach, and a distal esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy were performed.
A multi-modal approach involving both the endoscopic and radiologic examinations is crucial in ensuring that the morbidity of malignancy is avoided.
A multi-modal approach involving both the endoscopic and radiologic examinations is crucial in ensuring that the morbidity of malignancy is avoided.
Some cardiac surgical patients present low cardiac output syndrome due to ventricular dysfunction resulting from postischemic myocardial stunning. We present a case of using unusually high dose of inotropes so that we could avoid mechanical circulatory support after cardiac surgery.
A 65-year-old man underwent elective cardiac surgery. His immediate cardiac output was poor and vital signs were unstable. We aggressively increased the dose of catecholamine above usual dose and the cardiac output was elevated. The patient recovered without significant myocardial injury. After a few years, TTE showed more improved left ventricular function compared with preoperative state.
In a stunned myocardium, response to catecholamine is thought to be dull. Thus, if adequate response to usual dose of catecholamine is not achieved in a post cardiac surgical patient, we think that there may be a room for more increment of inotropes.
Unusually high dose of catecholamine may be helpful in a patient with severe ventricular dysfunction associated with stunned myocardium.
Unusually high dose of catecholamine may be helpful in a patient with severe ventricular dysfunction associated with stunned myocardium.
Thyroid papillary carcinoma rarely present as manubriosternum metastasis. The standard treatment for patients with metastatic disease is iodine ablation therapy. A surgical resection is a good option for patients with resectable limited bony metastasis.
We report a case of a 50-year-old female with thyroid gland enlargement. Positron emission tomography scan (PET) showed a solitary manubriosternal metastasis. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and claviculo-manubriosternal en-bloc resection and improvised reconstruction using Methyl methacrylate marlex mesh plate (MMS). Post-operative recovery was uneventful, and the patient received adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment. At five year follow up patient remained disease-free.
In conclusion, we report a case of papillary carcinoma of thyroid with solitary manubriosternal metastasis treated with total thyroidectomy and radical en-bloc resection of clavicular heads, manubriosternal and reconstruction by our modified reconstruction technique, which provides the best MMS plate stability, cosmoses, and good disease-free survival. In solitary bony metastasis for thyroid cancer, radical resection followed by a RAI ablation, is the best treatment modality.
In conclusion, we report a case of papillary carcinoma of thyroid with solitary manubriosternal metastasis treated with total thyroidectomy and radical en-bloc resection of clavicular heads, manubriosternal and reconstruction by our modified reconstruction technique, which provides the best MMS plate stability, cosmoses, and good disease-free survival. In solitary bony metastasis for thyroid cancer, radical resection followed by a RAI ablation, is the best treatment modality.
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is a rare, highly malignant, rapidly recurring tumor. When found in the spermatic cord, this tumor may deceptively present as an inguinal hernia, and due to its rarity, may not be readily identified.
We report a case of a 46-year old man with dedifferentiated liposarcoma presenting as a slow-growing right inguinal bulge. GO-203 His surgical management included ipsilateral orchiectomy and excision with wide margins. He received adjuvant focused radiation therapy.
Liposarcoma of the Spermatic Cord is a rare and highly malignant tumor that rapidly recurs. Therefore, a high degree of suspicion, regular surveillance and imaging are justified.
Liposarcoma of the Spermatic Cord is a rare and highly malignant tumor that rapidly recurs. Therefore, a high degree of suspicion, regular surveillance and imaging are justified.
Spinal intramedullary tuberculoma (IMTB) is a rare disease that accounts for 1 to 2/100,000 patients with tuberculosis [1]. This case demonstrated that this patient had atypical presentations compared to common tuberculosis considering that IMTB cases are really rare.
A 19-year-old male presenting with back pain and weakness of both lower limbs, which started in the left lower limb and subsequently involved the right lower limb for three months. He had sensory impairment below T6 and hypoesthesia. He complained of urine hesitancy and a feeling of incomplete voiding of urine. He was on anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) for last two months. MRI exhibited hypointense portion on T1-weighted images. T2-weighted image also showed hypointensity at T6, which suggested for intramedullary mass. Excisional biopsy was suggestive for tuberculoma.
In TB-endemic country like in Indonesia, tuberculoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis for intramedullary SOL irrespective of age or presence of extra-cranial focus of TB.
